Distinct time-course of behavioral sensitization induced by ethanol or cocaine

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Braz Cubas, Hlth Area, Mogi Das Cruzes, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

The effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation on amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in adult and adolescent mice

Drug-induced behavioral sensitization (BS), paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and adolescence in rodents are associated with changes in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. We compared the effects of PSD on amphetamine-induced BS in adult and adolescent mice. Adult (90 days old) and adolescent (45 days old) Swiss mice were subjected to PSD for 48 h. Immediately after PSD, mice received saline or 2.0 mg/kg amphetamine intraperitoneally (i.p.), and their locomotion was quantified in activity chambers. Seven days later, all the animals were challenged with 2.0 mg/kg amphetamine i.p., and their locomotion was quantified again. Acute amphetamine enhanced locomotion in both adult and adolescent mice, but BS was observed only in adolescent mice. Immediately after its termination, PSD decreased locomotion of both saline- and amphetamine-treated adolescent mice. Seven days later, previous PSD potentiated both the acute stimulatory effect of amphetamine and its sensitization in adolescent mice. in adult animals, previous PSD revealed BS. Our data suggest that adolescent mice are more vulnerable to both the immediate and long-term effects of PSD on amphetamine-induced locomotion. Because drug-induced BS in rodents shares neuroplastic changes with drug craving in humans, our findings also suggest that both adolescence and PSD could facilitate craving-related mechanisms in amphetamine abuse. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 05/54956-1FAPESP: 301742/2010-3FAPESP: 98/143030-3Web of Scienc

Comparison among neuroleptic generations in inhibiting spontaneous and cocaine induced locomotor activity in mice

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Braz Cubas, Hlth Area, Mogi Das Cruzes, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Opposite effects of neonatal hypoxia on acute amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in adult and adolescent mice

We investigated whether the effect of neonatal hypoxia on amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion can reproduce the ontogenic (age of onset) properties of schizophrenia. Neonatal hypoxia enhanced amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in adult mice and decreased it in adolescent mice. These findings provide ontogenic validity for this very simple animal model of schizophrenia. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundo de Apoio ao Docente e Aluno (FADA)Associacao Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa (AFIP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pediat, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biosci, BR-11060001 Santos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pediat, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biosci, BR-11060001 Santos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Effects of ayahuasca on the development of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization and on a post-sensitization treatment in mice

Background: Hallucinogenic drugs were used to treat alcoholic patients in the past, and recent developments in the study of hallucinogens led to a renewal of interest regarding the application of these drugs in the treatment of addiction. in this scenario, accumulating evidence suggests that the hallucinogenic brew ayahuasca (Aya) may have therapeutic effects on substance abuse problems.Methods: We investigated the effects of Aya on spontaneous locomotor activity and ethanol(Eth)-induced hyperlocomotion and subsequent locomotor sensitization by a two-injection protocol. Additionally, we tested the effect of Aya on an 8-day counter-sensitization protocol to modify sensitized responses induced by a repeated treatment with Eth (1.8 g/kg) for 8 alternate days.Results: Aya showed high sensitivity in preventing the development of Eth-induced behavioral sensitization, attenuating it at all doses (30, 100, 200, 300 or 500 mg/kg) without modifying spontaneous locomotor activity. At the highest doses (300 and 500 mg/kg), Aya also showed selectivity to both acute and sensitized Eth responses. Finally, a counter-sensitization strategy with 100 or 300 mg/kg of Aya for 8 consecutive days after the establishment of Eth-induced behavioral sensitization was effective in blocking its subsequent expression on an Eth challenge.Conclusions: We demonstrated that Aya not only inhibits early behaviors associated with the initiation and development of Eth addiction, but also showed effectiveness in reversing long-term drug effects expression, inhibiting the reinstatement of Eth-induced behavioral sensitization when administered in the Eth-associated environment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundo de Auxilio aos Docentes e Alunos (FADA/UNIFESP)Associacao Fundo de Incentivo Pesquisa (AFIP)Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Hlth Sci, BR-456620 Ilheus, BA, BrazilUniv Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Biol Sci, BR-456620 Ilheus, BA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Braz Cubes, Hlth Div, BR-1233 Mogi Dos Cruzes, SP, BrazilCriminalist Inst São Paulo, Forens Toxicol & Chem Lab, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Effects of group exposure on single injection-induced behavioral sensitization to drugs of abuse in mice

Background: Behavioral sensitization in rodents is hypothesized to reflect neuronal adaptations that are related to drug addiction in humans. We evaluated the effects of group exposure on the acute hyperlocomotion and behavioral sensitization induced by four drugs of abuse in C57BL/6 mice: methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), d-amphetamine, morphine and ethanol.Methods: in the priming session, animals received an ip injection of one of the drugs of abuse and were exposed to an open field either individually or in groups of four. Seven days later, we assessed behavioral sensitization in the challenge session. All animals received an ip injection of the same drug and were exposed to the open field in the same social conditions described for the priming session. Locomotion and social interaction were quantified during each session.Results: Acute MDMA, morphine and ethanol, but not d-amphetamine, increased social interaction. However, group exposure only potentiated MDMA-induced hyperlocomotion. After a challenge injection of each drug, there was no sensitization to the facilitating effect of MDMA, morphine or ethanol on social interaction, but locomotion sensitization developed to all drugs of abuse except ethanol. This sensitization was potentiated by group exposure in MDMA-treated animals, attenuated in morphine-treated animals and not modified in d-amphetamine-treated animals. Acute MDMA enhanced body contact and peaceful following, while acute morphine and ethanol increased social sniffing.Conclusions: These results provide preclinical evidence showing that while different drugs of abuse affect different components of social interaction, the neuronal adaptations related to drug dependence can be critically and specifically influenced by group exposure. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)FADAAFIPUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc