Transfer of genetic information via isolated mammalian chromosomes

Recombination of genetic information from different origin has provided insight in many aspects of the genetic mechanisms of the living cell. These aspects concern the location of genes on chromosomes, the regulation of gene expression and the interaction of different genes in the determination of a particular phenotype. The classic process to produce such new genetic combinations is the conjugation of a male and female gamete, resulting in the formation of a zygote. Genetic studies at the molecular level with micro organisms, have lead to the discovery of other processes for the formation of new genetic combinations. One of these processes is genetic transformation, defined as the integration and expression of a small piece of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), extracted from donor cells and introduced into the genome of the recipient cells. A second process is transduction, which is defined as the bacteriophage mediated transfer of genetic information from one bacterium (donor) to another (recipient). The bacteriophage involved, multiplies in the donor bacterium and, after lysis, it is able to transfer genetic information of the donor to recipient bacteria upon infection

Isolation of chromosome clusters from metaphase-arrested HeLa cells

We have developed a simplified approach for the isolation of metaphase chromosomes from HeLa cells. In this method, all the chromosomes from a cell remain together in a bundle which we call a “metaphase chromosome cluster”. Cells are arrested to 90–95% in metaphase, collected by centrifugation, extracted with non-ionic detergent in a low ionic strength buffer at neutral pH, and homogenised to strip away the cytoskeleton. The chromosome clusters which are released can then be isolated in a crude state by pelleting or they can be purified away from nearly all the interphase nuclei and cytoplasmic debris by banding in a Percoll TM density gradient. — This procedure has the advantages that it is quick and easy, metaphase chromatin is recovered in high yield, and Ca ++ is not needed to stabilise the chromosomes. Although the method does not yield individual chromosomes, it is nevertheless very useful for both structural and biochemical studies of mitotic chromatin. The chromosome clusters also make possible biochemical and structural studies of what holds the different chromosomes together. Such information could be useful in improving chromosome isolation procedures and for understanding suprachromosomal organisation of the nucleus.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47359/1/412_2004_Article_BF00327351.pd

Effects of glyphosate on cell suspensions of Morinda citrifolia

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A pistil-specific gene of Solanum tuberosum is predominantly expressed in the stylar cortex

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Effect of elicitation on isochorismate synthase in anthraquinone-producing cell cultures of Rubia tinctorum

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Molecular and metabolic control of secondary metabolism

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Thiophene Bioconversions in Tagetes Protoplasts

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