BIOACTIVE FRACTION DLBS2411 FROM CINNAMOMUM BURMANNII, (NEES AND T. NEES) BLUME AS COLON AND GASTROPROTECTOR BY STIMULATING MUC5AC AND CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 GENE EXPRESSION

Objective: Mucus therapy is one of the therapies for gastric ulcer management aside from proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and H2-blocker medication. Bioactive fraction DLBS2411 which comes from Cinnamomum burmannii has been identified as a gastric acid anti-secretory agent by inhibiting the activity of hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphate (H+/K+ATPase). The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of DLBS2411 as a neuroprotective agent in gastric and colon by investigating its regulation on mucus related pathway.Methods: Total RNA was extracted from gastric and colon cells followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis for mucus synthesis and mucosal blood flow gene expression. Protein expression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and phosphorylation of IĸB kinase subunit alpha (IKKα) was analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and western blot. Measurement of nitric oxide (NO), which is related to mucosal blood flow, was also analyzed.Results: Treatment of DLBS2411 elevated phosphorylation of IKKα and activated nuclear factor-КB (NF-κB) which in turn stimulated mucus synthesis and mucosal blood flow. High level of NF-κB increased mucus synthesis pathway by promoting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGE2 expression, which increased the MUC5AC gene. Activation of NF-κB also increased production of NO, which stimulated mucosal blood flow.Conclusion: DLBS2411 is a promising candidate for gastric and colon mucus protection by increasing mucus synthesis and stimulating mucosal blood flow.Â

Kecerdasan Adversitas Dan Intensi Sembuh Pada Pengguna Narkoba Di Panti Rehabilitasi

Narcotic and its similarity abuse has been troubling Indonesian citizens. Drugs havespread out to society and bring negative impact not only on junior high school studentsbut also on elementary students. It's not surprisingly then to meet many of drug addictsof adolescences. Adversity quotient is the ability to survive on life difficulties andchallenge, and continuously changing as the processes to self-develop, developpotencies, and reach particular aims. The objective of this study is to analyze therelationship adversity quotient and recovery intention. This research is categorized asquantitative research. The respondents are drugs addicts who are treating inrehabilitation centre of Semarang. Sampling technique deployed is purposive sampling.Result show that there is association between adversity quotient and recovery intentionin which the correlation was r = 0.789 and p = 0.789. Further it is found that adversityquotient level and intention to recover from using drug in rehabilitation centre was lowmedium