Synthesis of pyrrol-pyridazyl-triazolyl-pyridines via Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction

<p>Conjugated alternative donor–acceptor type pyrrol-pyridazyl-triazolyl-pyridine <i>N</i>-heterocyclic systems were synthesized via Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of pyrrol-pyridazylacetylene with azidopyridines.</p

Appendix B. Conceptual framework of the index system of human well-being (HWB).

Conceptual framework of the index system of human well-being (HWB)

Appendix A. Map of Cambodia.

Map of Cambodia

Appendix C. Tables showing internal consistency and reliability test for HWB dimension of basic material for good life, dimension of security, dimension of health, dimension of good social relations, and for dimension of freedom of choice and action.

Tables showing internal consistency and reliability test for HWB dimension of basic material for good life, dimension of security, dimension of health, dimension of good social relations, and for dimension of freedom of choice and action

Test results of Experiment 2.

<p>Test results of Experiment 2.</p

Application layer firewall (ALF) model.

<p>Application layer firewall (ALF) model.</p

Appendix D. A table showing standardized coefficients of the structural equation model for HWB indices.

A table showing standardized coefficients of the structural equation model for HWB indices

Test results of Experiment 1.

<p>Test results of Experiment 1.</p

Study on the binding characteristics of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers and thyroid transporters using the multispectral technique and computational simulation

<p>Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) are a class of toxic environmental pollutants that are persistent, bioaccumulative, and difficult to degrade. Their structure is very similar to the thyroid hormone (T4) and uses the body’s thyroid transporter (TTR) binding to interfere with the endocrine balance, disrupting the body’s normal physiological activity. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamics simulation of <i>do_dssp</i> module analysis, there are three kinds of OH-PBDEs that can induce TTR secondary structural changes. Fluorescence spectra and UV–Vis spectra show that for the three kinds of OH-PBDEs for TTR, the main methods of quenching are static quenching and non-radiative energy transfer. According to thermodynamic analysis, Δ<i>G</i> < 0, Δ<i>H</i> > 0, and Δ<i>S</i> > 0 combine to show that the hydrophobic interaction is the main driving force of the combination. From the molecular docking analysis, it was found that 4′-hydroxy-2,2′,4,5′- tetrabromodiphenyl ether (4′-OH-BDE49) and 4 hydroxy-2,2′,3,4′,5,6,6′- heptabromodiphenyl ether (4-OH-BDE188) had a cationic–π interaction with TTR, whereas 4 hydroxy-2,2′,3,4,5,5′,6- heptabromodiphenyl ether (4-OH-BDE187) was bonded to TTR by hydrogen bonds to form stable complexes. In this paper, we highlight the consistency of spectroscopic experiments and computer simulations so as to provide a reliable analytical method for the toxicological properties of small molecule contaminants.</p

Going Beyond the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: An Index System of Human Dependence on Ecosystem Services

<div><p>The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) estimated that two thirds of ecosystem services on the earth have degraded or are in decline due to the unprecedented scale of human activities during recent decades. These changes will have tremendous consequences for human well-being, and offer both risks and opportunities for a wide range of stakeholders. Yet these risks and opportunities have not been well managed due in part to the lack of quantitative understanding of human dependence on ecosystem services. Here, we propose an index of dependence on ecosystem services (IDES) system to quantify human dependence on ecosystem services. We demonstrate the construction of the IDES system using household survey data. We show that the overall index and sub-indices can reflect the general pattern of households' dependences on ecosystem services, and their variations across time, space, and different forms of capital (i.e., natural, human, financial, manufactured, and social capitals). We support the proposition that the poor are more dependent on ecosystem services and further generalize this proposition by arguing that those disadvantaged groups who possess low levels of any form of capital except for natural capital are more dependent on ecosystem services than those with greater control of capital. The higher value of the overall IDES or sub-index represents the higher dependence on the corresponding ecosystem services, and thus the higher vulnerability to the degradation or decline of corresponding ecosystem services. The IDES system improves our understanding of human dependence on ecosystem services. It also provides insights into strategies for alleviating poverty, for targeting priority groups of conservation programs, and for managing risks and opportunities due to changes of ecosystem services at multiple scales.</p></div