Visualizing Gender Gap in Film Industry over the Past 100 Years

Visualizing big data can provide valuable insights into social science research. In this project, we focused on visualizing the potential gender gap in the global film industry over the past 100 years. We profiled the differences both for the actors/actresses and male/female movie audiences and analyzed the IMDb data of the most popular 10,000 movies (the composition and importance of casts of different genders, the cooperation network of the actors/actresses, the movie genres, the movie descriptions, etc.) and audience ratings (the differences between male's and female's ratings). Findings suggest that the gender gap has been distinct in many aspects, but a recent trend is that this gap narrows down and women are gaining discursive power in the film industry. Our study presented rich data, vivid illustrations, and novel perspectives that can serve as the foundation for further studies on related topics and their social implications.Comment: Accepted by ChinaVis 2022 (Poster Presentation

Learning Representations for New Sound Classes With Continual Self-Supervised Learning

In this paper, we work on a sound recognition system that continually incorporates new sound classes. Our main goal is to develop a framework where the model can be updated without relying on labeled data. For this purpose, we propose adopting representation learning, where an encoder is trained using unlabeled data. This learning framework enables the study and implementation of a practically relevant use case where only a small amount of the labels is available in a continual learning context. We also make the empirical observation that a similarity-based representation learning method within this framework is robust to forgetting even if no explicit mechanism against forgetting is employed. We show that this approach obtains similar performance compared to several distillation-based continual learning methods when employed on self-supervised representation learning methods.Comment: Accepted to IEEE Signal Processing Letter

Case report: A novel 5'-UTR-exon1-intron1 deletion in MLYCD in an IVF child with malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency and literature review

The subject of the study is an 11-month old IVF baby girl with the typical clinical manifestation of malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency, including developmental delay, limb weakness, cardiomyopathy, and excessive excretion of malonic acid and methylmalonic acid. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation (c.672delG, p.Trp224Ter) in the MLYCD gene of the proband and her father and a novel heterozygous deletion in 5'-UTR-exon1-intron1 of the MLYCD gene of the proband and her mother. The patient's cardiac function and limb weakness improved considerably after 3 months of a low-fat diet supplemented with L-carnitine. Furthermore, mapping of gene mutations and clinical manifestations was done by case collection

Tailoring the surface of perovskite through in situ growth of Ru/RuO2 nanoparticles as robust symmetrical electrodes for reversible solid oxide cells

Although numerous perovskite oxides can enhance the electrochemical activity via exsolved metallic nanoparticles on the surface, most of them can only be applied as catalysts in a reducing atmosphere. These nanoparticles cause serious performance degradation in oxidizing conditions due to the formation of low-conductive metal oxides. This poses a big challenge to the design of highly active catalysts of electrochemical devices, especially for symmetrical solid oxide cells. Herein, based on the strategy of exsolved metallic nanoparticles in A-site deficient perovskite, a unique and simple method is demonstrated for the synthesis of Ru/RuO2 nanoparticles on the surface of perovskite oxide via in situ growth. The electrode material (La0.75Sr0.25)0.9Cr0.5Mn0.45Ru0.05O3−δ (LSCMR) is designed through careful choice of composition and the core idea is to make use of the exsolved nanoparticles concept applied for the first time at both hydrogen electrode and oxygen electrode for symmetrical solid oxide cells. Inspired by exsolved Ru and RuO2, the surface-decorated LSCMR exhibits significantly enhanced electrochemical activity for both H2 and O2, respectively, accompanied by high redox long-term stability. Moreover, simple, low-cost, and environmental-friendly synthesis of Ru/RuO2 nanoparticles on the substrate of typical perovskites is realized with this in situ growth approach

Uber die Welch-Fraenkelschen Bazillen und ihre Verwandten im Darmkanal

Der Welch-Fraenkelsche Bazillus, der sich als ein Bodenbakterium weit im Boden verbreitet, ist obligater Anaerobier, und bekannt als Erreger des Gasoedems, welches eine chirurgisch und insbesonders kriegschirurgisch wichtige Wundinfektionskrankheit ist. Die Tatsache, dass dieses Stabchen nicht nur aus dem Boden, sondern auch aus menschlichem Darm gezuchtet wird, hat viele Autoren schon bisweilen beschaftigt. Dieser Bazillus ist Gram-positiv, gross und kraftig, abgerundet, unbeweglich und sporuliert nicht im gewohnlichen Nahrboden. Die Milch wurde sturmisch mit Gasbildung vergoren. Schon nach 20 Stunden schwamm das Kasein deutlich geschieden in truber, immer klarer werdender Molke. Die Kaseingerinnsel wurden ferner nicht wieder durch Peptonisierung gelost, noch kam es nach dem leicht sauerlich bleibenden Geruch zu Eiweissfaulniss. Die oben beschriebene Eigenschaft, die sog. Sturmische Gerinnung , ist charakteristisches Merkmal zur Diagnose-stellung des Welch-Fraenkelschen Bazillus. Der Verfasser hat aus 172 Faeces der Menschen 244 Stamme der Welch-Fraenkelschen Bazillen und 39 ahnliche Stamme, die von erstem Bazillus deutlich voneinander in Eigenstumlichkeit abweicht gezuchtet; d. h. dem Letzteren fehlt die sturmische Gerinnung. Diesen Bazillus nennt der Verfasser einen Verwandten der Welch-Fraenkelschen Bazillen , und vergleicht dieses Stabchen morphologisch und biologisch mit den Welch-Fraenkelschen Bazillen, welche er aus menschlichen Faeces und klassischem Gasoedem isoliert hat. Morphologie: Die Verwandten sind ebenso mit abgerundetem Ende 0.8-1.0μ breit, 4.0-1.0μ, nicht haufig 15μ in der Lange, zuweilen leicht gekrummt, und werden zarter als Welch-Fraenkelche Bazillen beobachtet. Sporen und Kapseln: Nicht nur in gewohnlichen Nahrboden, sondern auch in den alkalischen-, natriumphosphathaltigen Nahrsubstraten und im Hirnbrei nahm der Verfasser keine Sporen oder Kapseln wahr. Aber nur bei aus Gasoedem gezuchtetem Stamm beobachtete er beide im spezifischen antiserumhaltigen Nahrboden. Kolonientypen: Auf d

High-performance infrared photodetectors based on InAs/InAsSb/AlAsSb superlattice for 3.5 µm cutoff wavelength spectra

High-performance infrared p-i-n photodetectors based on InAs/InAsSb/AlAsSb superlattices on GaSb substrate have been demonstrated at 300K. These photodetectors exhibit 50% and 100% cut-off wavelength of ∼3.2 µm and ∼3.5 µm, respectively. Under -130 mV bias voltage, the device exhibits a peak responsivity of 0.56 A/W, corresponding to a quantum efficiency (QE) of 28%. The dark current density at 0 mV and -130 mV bias voltage are 8.17 × 10−2 A/cm2 and 5.02 × 10−1 A/cm2, respectively. The device exhibits a saturated dark current shot noise limited specific detectivity (D*) of 3.43 × 109 cm·Hz1/2/W (at a peak responsivity of 2.5 µm) under -130 mV of applied bias

YeastFab:the design and construction of standard biological parts for metabolic engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

It is a routine task in metabolic engineering to introduce multicomponent pathways into a heterologous host for production of metabolites. However, this process sometimes may take weeks to months due to the lack of standardized genetic tools. Here, we present a method for the design and construction of biological parts based on the native genes and regulatory elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have developed highly efficient protocols (termed YeastFab Assembly) to synthesize these genetic elements as standardized biological parts, which can be used to assemble transcriptional units in a single-tube reaction. In addition, standardized characterization assays are developed using reporter constructs to calibrate the function of promoters. Furthermore, the assembled transcription units can be either assayed individually or applied to construct multi-gene metabolic pathways, which targets a genomic locus or a receiving plasmid effectively, through a simple in vitro reaction. Finally, using β-carotene biosynthesis pathway as an example, we demonstrate that our method allows us not only to construct and test a metabolic pathway in several days, but also to optimize the production through combinatorial assembly of a pathway using hundreds of regulatory biological parts

Time-Frequency Analysis of Noisy Vibration Signal Based on Improved Hilbert-Huang Transform

Aimed at the phenomenon of modal confusion and lack of practical significance of instantaneous frequency caused by Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) noisy vibration signal time-frequency analysis, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) is obtained by improving empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and in combination with multiscale permutation entropy (MPE) to suppress EMD modal confusion. At the same time, improved normalized Hilbert transform(INHT) is obtained by improving Hilbert transform, and finally the CEEMDAN·MPE-INHT time-frequency analysis algorithm is formed. In order to verify the accuracy of time-frequency analysis of CEEMDAN·MPE-INHT noisy vibration signals, a comparative study of time-frequency analysis of EMD-HT, EEMD-NHT, CEEMDAN-INHT and CEEMDAN·MPE-INHT noisy simulation vibration signals is conducted. The results show that CEEMDAN can control low frequency noise; MPE can suppress high frequency noise; INHT can make Hilbert transform not constrained by Bedrosian theorem. Finally, CEEMDAN·MPE-INHT algorithm is applied to the time-frequency analysis of noisy vibration signals in practical engineering. The time spectrum of intrinsic mode function (IMF) decomposed by CEEMDAN·MPE after INHT processing has a high resolution in time domain and frequency domain, which can improve the extraction accuracy of time-frequency characteristic parameters and help control the harm of vibration signals

Genetic Features of the Spontaneous Self-Compatible Mutant, ‘Jin Zhui’ (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)

‘Jin Zhui’ is a spontaneous self-compatible mutant of ‘Ya Li’ (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. S(21)S(34)), the latter displaying a typical S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI). The pollen-part mutation (PPM) of ‘Jin Zhui’ might be due to a natural mutation in the pollen-S gene (S(34) haplotype). However, the molecular mechanisms behind these phenotypic changes are still unclear. In this study, we identified five SLF (S-Locus F-box) genes in ‘Ya Li’, while no nucleotide differences were found in the SLF genes of ‘Jin Zhui’. Further genetic analysis by S-RNase PCR-typing of selfed progeny of ‘Jin Zhui’ and ‘Ya Li’ × ‘Jin Zhui’ progeny showed three progeny classes (S(21)S(21), S(21)S(34) and S(34)S(34)) as opposed to the two classes reported previously (S(21)S(34) and S(34)S(34)), indicating that the pollen gametes of ‘Jin Zhui’, bearing either the S(21)- or S(34)-haplotype, were able to overcome self-incompatibility (SI) barriers. Moreover, no evidence of pollen-S duplication was found. These findings support the hypothesis that loss of function of S-locus unlinked PPM expressed in pollen leads to SI breakdown in ‘Jin Zhui’, rather than natural mutation in the pollen-S gene (S(34) haplotype). Furthermore, abnormal meiosis was observed in a number of pollen mother cells (PMCs) in ‘Jin Zhui’, but not in ‘Ya Li’. These and other interesting findings are discussed

Study on Flake Formation Behavior and Its Influence Factors in Cr5 Steel

A flake is a crack that is induced by trapped hydrogen within steel. To study its formation mechanism, previous studies mostly focused on the formation process and magnitude of hydrogen pressure in hydrogen traps such as cavities and cracks. However, according to recent studies, the hydrogen leads to the decline of the mechanical properties of steel, which is known as hydrogen embrittlement, is another reason for flake formation. In addition, the phenomenon of stress induced hydrogen uphill diffusion should not be neglected. All of the three behaviors are at work simultaneously. In order to further explore the formation mechanism of flakes in steel, the process of flake initiation and growth were studied with the following three coupling factors: trap hydrogen pressure, hydrogen embrittlement, and stress induced hydrogen re-distribution. The analysis model was established using the finite element method, and a crack whose radius is 0.5 mm was set in its center. The cohesive method and Bilinear Traction Separate Law (BTSL) were used to address the coupling effect. The results show that trap hydrogen pressure is the main driving force for flake formation. After the high hydrogen pressure was generated around the trap, a stress field formed. In addition, the trap is the center of stress concentration. Then, hydrogen is concentrated in a distribution around this trap, and most of the steel mechanical properties are reduced. The trap size is a key factor for defining the critical hydrogen content for flake formation and propagation. However, when the trap size exceeds the specified value, the critical hydrogen content does not change any more. As for the crack whose radius is 0.5 mm, the critical hydrogen content of Cr5VMo steel is 2.2 ppm, which is much closer to the maximum safe hydrogen concentration of 2.0 ppm used in China. The work presented in this article increases our understanding of flake formation and propagation mechanisms in steel