Piecewise-Smooth Support Vector Machine for Classification

Support vector machine (SVM) has been applied very successfully in a variety of classification systems. We attempt to solve the primal programming problems of SVM by converting them into smooth unconstrained minimization problems. In this paper, a new twice continuously differentiable piecewise-smooth function is proposed to approximate the plus function, and it issues a piecewise-smooth support vector machine (PWSSVM). The novel method can efficiently handle large-scale and high dimensional problems. The theoretical analysis demonstrates its advantages in efficiency and precision over other smooth functions. PWSSVM is solved using the fast Newton-Armijo algorithm. Experimental results are given to show the training speed and classification performance of our approach

Experimental Investigation on the Operating Characteristics of a Semi-hermetic Twin Screw Refrigeration Compressor by means of p-V Diagram

In this paper, a comprehensive experimental investigation is carried out to evaluate the operating characteristics of a semi-hermetic twin screw refrigeration compressor at different oil flow rates and slide valve positions under various conditions. The working volume pressure of the compressor is recorded by a serial of sensors arranged in consecutive positions in the housing. These measured pressure data are then transformed into an indicator diagram. Based on the p-V diagrams, the effect mechanism of some factors such as evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, slide valve positions, oil flow rates for the suction and discharge end bearings lubricating and oil flow rate returned from the suction pipe on the compressor performance and working process is analyzed. These results can be useful for optimum design of oil flow passage assembly and selection of optimal built-in volume ratio to improve the energy efficiency of refrigeration system with semi-hermetic twin screw compressor

Fruit Tree Pollination Technology and Industrialization in China

This work investigates the bee pollination of fruit trees, especially apples and pears in the field. We first introduce research carried out into bee pollination of crops in China, and then our own pollination experiments with managed bees such as Apis mellifera in the field. We monitor the efficiency of bee pollination of fruit trees by regulating hive bees and tree arrangement. In addition, we develop some methods to attract bees to visit fruit trees. Our research shows that the number of beehives and the arrangement of trees greatly influence bee pollination. The results provide a comprehensive tutorial on the best practices of bee pollination of fruit trees

The Investigation of Hong Kong and US Stock Markets Using GARCH Models

In this article, the main purpose is to model the volatility in Hong Kong and American market though GARCH (1, 1), TGARCH (1, 1), EGARCH (1, 1) and GARCH-M (1, 1) models separately. After the estimation, the within sample and out of sample test are applied to indentify the best fitting one. Different markets have different situations, thus fitting different models. When considering the relationships between these two markets, MGARCH model are used to evaluate them simultaneously. The results show that GARCH model can model and forecast both markets and the US market has strong effects on Hong Kong market. However, Hong Kong market does not have the same influence to America

Collective forest tenure reform and forest conditions: evidence from the social-ecological system in Southwest China

China’s recent collective forest tenure reform (CFTR) aims to improve forest conditions by devolution of forest management rights from community collectives to individual households. Studies reveal substantial local variation in CFTR implementation, but the ecological effects and underlying mechanism have received little attention. Our study focused on community-managed forests and household-managed forests in four communities located in the mountains of Southwest China. The objective was to investigate the relationship between CFTR and forest conditions at the local scale. We employed a combination of remote sensing technology, field forest observations and socioeconomic surveys to gather data for analysis. The results showed that the forest cover change trends of collective forests and household forests in each community were consistent from 1994 to 2014. There was no significant relationship between CFTR implementation and local-level differences in species diversity and soil fertility in forests. The aboveground biomass of collective forests was significantly higher than that of household forests. Differentiated access and use, low compensation amounts, and loose payment terms jointly affected CFTR’s effectiveness to improve local-scale forest conditions in the study area. Attempts to formalize forest tenure rights must be flexible enough and adapted to the local environment so that changes induced by the CFTR can improve local access to forest resources and its benefits