118 research outputs found
DocPrompt: Large-scale continue pretrain for zero-shot and few-shot document question answering
In this paper, we propose Docprompt for document question answering tasks
with powerful zero-shot and few-shot performance. We proposed a novel weakly
supervised data generation method, a novel multl-stage training method and a
novel understanding model & generation model ensemble method. Experiment
results show that the Docprompt model after continue pretrain significantly
outperforms the existing strong baseline models on document question answering
tasks. This method greatly improves the delivery efficiency and model
performance of document question answering customer projects, reducing
annotation costs and labor costs. Our demo can be found at
https://huggingface.co/spaces/PaddlePaddle/ERNIE-Layout
Nitrogen enrichment alters the resistance of a noninvasive alien plant species to Alternanthera philoxeroides invasion
Soil nitrogen can significantly affect the morphology, biomass, nutrient allocation, and photosynthesis of alien vs. native plants, thereby changing their coexistence patterns; however, the effect of soil nitrogen on the interspecific relationship between alien plants is currently unclear. We conducted a nitrogen addition experiment in a greenhouse to explore the effect of soil nitrogen on the interspecific relationship between invasive alien weed Alternanthera philoxeroides and the noninvasive alien horticultural plant Oxalis articulata. We set three experimental factors—nitrogen treatment, planting type, and species and measured the morphology, biomass, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, physiological traits, and photosynthetic fluorescence of the studied plant species. We then used multi-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons to examine the differences in the above indicators among treatment combinations. We found that, in mixed cultures, nitrogen addition significantly increased the root area of O. articulata by 128.489% but decreased the root length by 56.974% compared with the control, while it significantly increased the root length of A. philoxeroides by 130.026%. Nitrogen addition did not affect the biomass accumulation of these two plant species; however, the biomass and root/shoot ratio of O. articulata were significant higher than those of A. philoxeroides. Nitrogen addition significantly increased the N content of A. philoxeroides by 278.767% and decreased the C:N ratio by 66.110% in mixed cultures. Nitrogen addition caused a significant trade-off between flavonoid and anthocyanin in O. articulata, and decreased the initial fluorescence (F0) and maximal fluorescence (Fm) of A. philoxeroides by 18.649 and 23.507%, respectively, in mixed cultures. These results indicate that nitrogen addition increased the N absorption and assimilation ability of A. philoxeroides in deep soil; furthermore, it significantly enhanced the advantages for O. articulata in terms of morphology, physiological plasticity, and photosynthetic efficiency. In addition, O. articulata had better individual and underground competitive advantages. Under intensified nitrogen deposition, the biotic replacement effect of O. articulata on A. philoxeroides in natural ecosystems could be further enhanced
Survival Fate of Hepatic Stem/Progenitor and Immune Cells in a Liver Fibrosis/Cirrhosis Animal Model and Clinical Implications
This chapter provides novel information about the survival features of hepatic resident stem/progenitor cells (NG2+ HSPs) during liver fibrosis/cirrhotic development. A well-defined diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhotic/cancer mouse model was developed to evaluate the fate of the HSPs and its clinical implications. This model possess three time-zones during the disease development: fibrosis (3–5 weeks post-DEN), cirrhosis (6–10 weeks post-DEN), and cancers (up to 10 weeks post-DEN). During this process, the model represents histological patterns similar to those described in humans and shows better survival of the HSPs in the fibrotic zone, which was correlated with inflammatory signals, as compared to the cirrhotic zone. It has also been discovered that immune CD8+ T cells in the fibrotic zone are beneficial in liver fibrosis resolution, suggesting that the fibrotic time zone is important for mobilizing endogenous HSPs and cell-based therapy. As such, we hypothesize that clinical strategies in fibrotic/cirrhotic liver treatment are necessary either in time at the fibrotic phase or to adopt an approach of regulating HSP viability when the disease develops into the cirrhotic phase
Coexistence of superconductivity with exotic ferromagnetic state in pressurized non-superconducting UTe
The discovery of superconductivity in heavy Fermion UTe, a candidate
topological and triplet-paired superconductor, has aroused widespread interest.
However, to date, superconductivity has only been reported in nonstoichiometric
crystals of UTe with a Te deficit. Here, we demonstrate that the
application of uniaxial pressure induces superconductivity in stoichiometric
UTe crystals. Measurements of resistivity, magnetoresistance and
susceptibility reveal that uniaxial pressure results in a suppression of the
Kondo coherent state seen at ambient pressure, leading to the emergence of
superconductivity initially at 1.5 GP, followed by the development of bulk
superconductivity at 4.8 GPa. The superconducting state coexists with an exotic
ferromagnetically ordered (FM) state that develops just below the onset
temperature of the superconducting transition. High-pressure synchrotron x-ray
diffraction measurements performed at 20 K indicate that no structural phase
transition occurs over the measured pressure range. Our results not only
demonstrate the coexistence of superconductivity with an exotic ferromagnetic
state in pressurized stoichiometric UTe, but also highlight a vital role of
Te deficiency in developing superconductivity at ambient pressures.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Pressure-induced coevolution of transport properties and lattice stability in CaK(Fe1-xNix)4As4 (x= 0.04 and 0) superconductors with and without spin-vortex crystal state
Here we report the first investigation on correlation between the transport
properties and the corresponding stability of the lattice structure for
CaK(Fe1-xNix)4As4 (x=0.04 and 0), a new type of putative topological
superconductors, with and without a spin-vortex crystal (SVC) state in a wide
pressure range involving superconducting to non-superconducting transition and
the half- to full-collapse of tetragonal (h-cT and f-cT) phases, by the
complementary measurements of high-pressure resistance, Hall coefficient and
synchrotron X-ray diffraction. We identify the three critical pressures, P1
that is the turn-on critical pressure of the h-cT phase transition and it
coincides with the critical pressure for the sign change of Hall coefficient
from positive to negative, a manifestation of the Fermi surface reconstruction,
P2 that is the turn-off pressures of the h-cT phase transition, and P3 that is
the critical pressure of the f-cT phase transition. By comparing the
high-pressure results measured from the two kinds of samples, we find a
distinct left-shift of the P1 for the doped sample, at the pressure of which
its SVC state is fully suppressed, however the P2 and the P3 remain the same as
that of the undoped one. Our results not only provide a consistent
understanding on the results reported before, but also demonstrate the
importance of the Fe-As bonding in stabilizing the superconductivity of the
iron pnictide superconductors through the pressure window
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Brake wear induced PM10 emissions during the world harmonised light-duty vehicle test procedure-brake cycle
In this work, the particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10) emissions from a medium-sized passenger vehicle's front brake wear were studied using a finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental approaches. The world harmonised light-duty vehicle test procedure-brake (WLTP-B) cycle was chosen to simulate real-world driving. An electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI+) was used to count the brake wear particles on a brake dynamometer sealed in a chamber. In addition, a machine learning method, namely, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), was employed to capture the feature importance rankings of braking conditions contributing to brake wear PM10 emissions. The simulated PM10 emissions were quite consistent with the measured ones, with an overall relative error of 9%, indicating that the proposed simulation approach is promising to predict brake wear PM10 during the WLTP-B cycle. The simulated and experimental PM10 emission factors during the WLTP-B cycle were 6.4 mg km−1 veh−1 and 7.0 mg km−1 veh−1, respectively. Among the 10 trips of the WLTP-B cycle, the measured PM10 of trip #10 was the largest contributor, accounting for 49% of total PM10 emissions. On the other hand, the XGBoost results revealed that the top five most important factors governing brake wear PM10 emissions were dissipation energy, initial braking speed, final rotor temperature, braking power, and deceleration rate. From the perspective of friendly driving behaviour and regulation, limiting severe braking and high-speed braking has the potential to reduce PM10 emissions from brake wear
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