Discrimination of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma from Noncancerous Ex Vivo Tissue Using Reflectance Spectroscopy

Reflectance spectroscopy is a low-cost, nondestructive, and noninvasive method for detection of neoplastic lesions of mucosal tissue. This study aims to evaluate the capability of reflectance spectroscopy system under white light (400-700 nm) with a multivariate statistical analysis for distinguishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from nasopharyngeal benign ex vivo tissues. High quality reflectance spectra were acquired from nasopharyngeal ex vivo tissues belonging to 18 noncancerous and 19 cancerous subjects, and the combination of principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) along with leave-onespectrum-out cross-validation (LOOCV) diagnostic algorithm was subsequently employed to classify different types of tissue group, achieving a diagnostic sensitivity of 73.7% and a specificity of 72.2%. Furthermore, in order to distinguish NPC from nasopharyngeal benign ex vivo tissues based on reflectance spectra simply, spectral intensity ratios of oxyhemoglobin ( 540/ 576) were used as an indicator of the carcinogenesis associated transformation in the hemoglobin oxygenation. This tentative work demonstrated the potential of reflectance spectroscopy for NPC detection using ex vivo tissue and has significant experimental and clinical value for further in vivo NPC detection in the future

Oil exploration data mining image processing

Conference Name:2012 7th International Conference on Computer Science and Education, ICCSE 2012. Conference Address: Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Time:July 14, 2012 - July 17, 2012.University of MelbourneIn this paper, an oil exploration software is designed, introduced and implementation. The software is based on the procedures of oil exploration and seismic prospecting. In the environment of Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 with the C++ programming language, the standard SEG-Y seismic data is successfully transferred into visible geological sectional view and histogram chart, which makes the geologists obtain a quick access to the idea of geophysics structures of the target field. With more than one kind of color schemes to be chosen, geologists can highlight different geological structure of the seismic data. Implementation shows good performance of the designed oil exploration data mining image processing software. 漏 2012 IEEE

Text topic mining based on LDA and co-occurrence theory

Conference Name:2012 7th International Conference on Computer Science and Education, ICCSE 2012. Conference Address: Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Time:July 14, 2012 - July 17, 2012.University of MelbourneBased on the introduction to research background of stem cell and the significance of topic analysis of stem cell, this paper analyzed the topic analysis in co-occurrence theory and LDA. LDA and co-occurrence theory were used to determine the text topics of stem cell research literatures from 2006-2011 in PubMed. After stem cell research topics were obtained, they were analyzed in terms of topic label, topic research content and interrelation between topics. In the end, current deficiencies of LDA and future study are proposed. 漏 2012 IEEE

Discrimination of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma from Noncancerous Ex Vivo Tissue Using Reflectance Spectroscopy

Reflectance spectroscopy is a low-cost, nondestructive, and noninvasive method for detection of neoplastic lesions of mucosal tissue. This study aims to evaluate the capability of reflectance spectroscopy system under white light (400–700 nm) with a multivariate statistical analysis for distinguishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from nasopharyngeal benign ex vivo tissues. High quality reflectance spectra were acquired from nasopharyngeal ex vivo tissues belonging to 18 noncancerous and 19 cancerous subjects, and the combination of principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) along with leave-one-spectrum-out cross-validation (LOOCV) diagnostic algorithm was subsequently employed to classify different types of tissue group, achieving a diagnostic sensitivity of 73.7% and a specificity of 72.2%. Furthermore, in order to distinguish NPC from nasopharyngeal benign ex vivo tissues based on reflectance spectra simply, spectral intensity ratios of oxyhemoglobin (R540/R576) were used as an indicator of the carcinogenesis associated transformation in the hemoglobin oxygenation. This tentative work demonstrated the potential of reflectance spectroscopy for NPC detection using ex vivo tissue and has significant experimental and clinical value for further in vivo NPC detection in the future

CT-based methods for assessment of metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver disease

Abstract Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously called metabolic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. The multi-factorial nature of MAFLD severity is delineated through an intricate composite analysis of the grade of activity in concert with the stage of fibrosis. Despite the preeminence of liver biopsy as the diagnostic and staging reference standard, its invasive nature, pronounced interobserver variability, and potential for deleterious effects (encompassing pain, infection, and even fatality) underscore the need for viable alternatives. We reviewed computed tomography (CT)-based methods for hepatic steatosis quantification (liver-to-spleen ratio; single-energy “quantitative” CT; dual-energy CT; deep learning-based methods; photon-counting CT) and hepatic fibrosis staging (morphology-based CT methods; contrast-enhanced CT biomarkers; dedicated postprocessing methods including liver surface nodularity, liver segmental volume ratio, texture analysis, deep learning methods, and radiomics). For dual-energy and photon-counting CT, the role of virtual non-contrast images and material decomposition is illustrated. For contrast-enhanced CT, normalized iodine concentration and extracellular volume fraction are explained. The applicability and salience of these approaches for clinical diagnosis and quantification of MAFLD are discussed. Relevance statement CT offers a variety of methods for the assessment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by quantifying steatosis and staging fibrosis. Key points • MAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide and is rapidly increasing. • Both hardware and software CT advances with high potential for MAFLD assessment have been observed in the last two decades. • Effective estimate of liver steatosis and staging of liver fibrosis can be possible through CT. Graphical Abstrac

Identification and evaluation of shale oil micro-migration and its petroleum geological significance

Taking the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation shale in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin, NW China, as an example, core observation, test analysis, geological analysis and numerical simulation were applied to identify the shale oil micro-migration phenomenon. The hydrocarbon micro-migration in shale oil was quantitatively evaluated and verified by a self-created hydrocarbon expulsion potential method, and the petroleum geological significance of shale oil micro-migration evaluation was determined. Results show that significant micro-migration can be recognized between the organic-rich lamina and organic-poor lamina. The organic-rich lamina has strong hydrocarbon generation ability. The heavy components of hydrocarbon preferentially retained by kerogen swelling or adsorption, while the light components of hydrocarbon were migrated and accumulated to the interbedded felsic or carbonate organic-poor laminae as free oil. About 69% of the Fengcheng Formation shale samples in Well MY1 exhibit hydrocarbon charging phenomenon, while 31% of those exhibit hydrocarbon expulsion phenomenon. The reliability of the micro-migration evaluation results was verified by combining the group components based on the geochromatography effect, two-dimension nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and the geochemical behavior of inorganic manganese elements in the process of hydrocarbon migration. Micro-migration is a bridge connecting the hydrocarbon accumulation elements in shale formations, which reflects the whole process of shale oil generation, expulsion and accumulation, and controls the content and composition of shale oil. The identification and evaluation of shale oil micro-migration will provide new perspectives for dynamically differential enrichment mechanism of shale oil and establishing a “multi-peak model in oil generation” of shale