Light Hadron Spectroscopy and Decay at BESIII

Light hadron spectroscopy plays an important role in understanding the decay dynamics of unconventional hadronic states, such as strangeonium and glueballs. BESIII provides an ideal avenue to search for these exotic states thanks to a huge amount of data recorded at various energy points in the tau-charm mass region including J/psi resonance. This report summarizes recent results of the BESIII experiment related to the glueballs and strangeonium-like states.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Conference proceeding of FPCP-201

Human thymic epithelial cells express an endogenous lectin, galectin-1, which binds to core 2 O-glycans on thymocytes and T lymphoblastoid cells.

Thymic epithelial cells play a crucial role in the selection of developing thymocytes. Thymocyte-epithelial cell interactions involve a number of adhesion molecules, including members of the integrin and immunoglobulin superfamilies. We found that human thymic epithelial cells synthesize an endogenous lectin, galectin-1, which binds to oligosaccharide ligands on the surface of thymocytes and T lymphoblastoid cells. Binding of T lymphoblastoid cells to thymic epithelial cells was inhibited by antibody to galectin-1 on the epithelial cells, and by two antibodies, T305 and 2B11, that recognize carbohydrate epitopes on the T cell surface glycoproteins CD43 and CD45, respectively. T lymphoblastoid cells and thymocytes bound recombinant galectin-1, as demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis, and lectin binding was completely inhibited in the presence of lactose. The degree of galectin-1 binding to thymocytes correlated with the maturation stage of the cells, as immature thymocytes bound more galectin-1 than did mature thymocytes. Preferential binding of galectin-1 to immature thymocytes may result from regulated expression of preferred oligosaccharide ligands on those cells, since we found that the epitope recognized by the T305 antibody, the core 2 O-glycan structure on CD43, was expressed on cortical, but not medullary cells. The level of expression of the UDP-GlcNAc:Gal beta 1,3GalNAc-R beta 1, 6GlcNAc transferase (core 2 beta 1, 6 GlcNAc transferase, or C2GnT), which creates the core 2 O-glycan structure, correlated with the glycosylation change between cortical and medullary cells. Expression of mRNA encoding the C2GnT was high in subcapsular and cortical thymocytes and low in medullary thymocytes, as demonstrated by in situ hybridization. These results suggest that galectin-1 participates in thymocyte-thymic epithelial cell interactions, and that this interaction may be regulated by expression of relevant oligosaccharide ligands on the thymocyte cell surface

Core Losses in Claw Pole Permanent Magnet Machines with Soft Magnetic Composite Stators

This paper presents the core loss calculation in soft magnetic composite (SMC) samples and a claw pole permanent magnet machine with SMC stator. By using finite-element analysis of the magnetic field, the total core loss is computed by separating the hysteresis (alternating and rotational, both purely circular and elliptical), eddy current, and anomalous losses in each element when the rotor rotates. The coefficients for each loss component are determined by a loss separation procedure and the experimental data obtained by a single sheet two-dimensional core loss testing system

Spiers Memorial Lecture. Next generation nanoelectrochemistry: the fundamental advances needed for applications

Nanoelectrochemistry, where electrochemical processes are controlled and investigated with nanoscale resolution, is gaining more and more attention because of the many potential applications in energy and sensing and the fact that there is much to learn about fundamental electrochemical processes when we explore them at the nanoscale. The development of instrumental methods that can explore the heterogeneity of electrochemistry occurring across an electrode surface, monitoring single molecules or many single nanoparticles on a surface simultaneously, have been pivotal in giving us new insights into nanoscale electrochemistry. Equally important has been the ability to synthesise or fabricate nanoscale entities with a high degree of control that allows us to develop nanoscale devices. Central to the latter has been the incredible advances in nanomaterial synthesis where electrode materials with atomic control over electrochemically active sites can be achieved. After introducing nanoelectrochemistry, this paper focuses on recent developments in two major application areas of nanoelectrochemistry; electrocatalysis and using single entities in sensing. Discussion of the developments in these two application fields highlights some of the advances in the fundamental understanding of nanoelectrochemical systems really driving these applications forward. Looking into our nanocrystal ball, this paper then highlights: the need to understand the impact of nanoconfinement on electrochemical processes, the need to measure many single entities, the need to develop more sophisticated ways of treating the potentially large data sets from measuring such many single entities, the need for more new methods for characterising nanoelectrochemical systems as they operate and the need for material synthesis to become more reproducible as well as possess more nanoscale control

Cooperation is related to dispersal patterns in Sino-Tibetan populations

There is growing recognition in both evolutionary biology and anthropology that dispersal is key to establishing patterns of cooperation. However, some models predict that cooperation is more likely to evolve in low dispersal (viscous) populations, while others predict that local competition for resources inhibits cooperation. Sex-biased dispersal and extra-pair mating may also have an effect. Using economic games in Sino-Tibetan populations with strikingly different dispersal patterns, we measure cooperation in 36 villages in southwestern China; we test whether social structure is associated with cooperative behaviour toward those in the neighbourhood. We find that social organization is associated with levels of cooperation in public goods and dictator games and a resource dilemma; people are less cooperative towards other villagers in communities where dispersal by both sexes is low. This supports the view that dispersal for marriage played an important role in the evolution of large-scale cooperation in human society

Development of bidding strategies in electricity markets using possibility theory

In the electricity market environment, bidding strategies employed by generation companies may have significant impacts on their own benefits, and on the operating behaviors of an electricity market as well. Hence, how to develop optimal bidding strategies for generation companies or how to analyze strategic behaviors of them and hence to figure out the potential market power abuse is now a very active research area. A possibility theory based approach is proposed in this work for building optimal bidding strategies for generation companies. Based on historical bidding data, the available (production cost) data before the power industry restructuring and experts' heuristic knowledge, the well-known fuzzy set theory is employed to represent the estimated bidding behaviors of rival generation companies, and a fuzzy programming model is developed and a solution method follows. The approach is especially suitable for those electricity markets recently launched, since sufficient historical bidding data is not available and hence probability methods cannot be employed. Finally, a sample example with six generation companies participating in an electricity market is served for demonstrating the essential features of the presented approach.published_or_final_versio

Sorafenib dose escalation is not uniformly associated with blood pressure elevations in normotensive patients with advanced malignancies.

Hypertension after treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitors is associated with superior treatment outcomes for advanced cancer patients. To determine whether increased sorafenib doses cause incremental increases in blood pressure (BP), we measured 12-h ambulatory BP in 41 normotensive advanced solid tumor patients in a randomized dose-escalation study. After 7 days' treatment (400 mg b.i.d.), mean diastolic BP (DBP) increased in both study groups. After dose escalation, group A (400 mg t.i.d.) had marginally significant further increase in 12-h mean DBP (P = 0.053), but group B (600 mg b.i.d.) did not achieve statistically significant increases (P = 0.25). Within groups, individuals varied in BP response to sorafenib dose escalation, but these differences did not correlate with changes in steady-state plasma sorafenib concentrations. These findings in normotensive patients suggest BP is a complex pharmacodynamic biomarker of VEGF inhibition. Patients have intrinsic differences in sensitivity to sorafenib's BP-elevating effects

Key Parameters That Determine the Magnitude of the Decrease in Current in Nanopore Blockade Sensors

Nanopore blockade sensors were developed to address the challenges of sensitivity and selectivity for conventional nanopore sensors. To date, the parameters affecting the current of the sensor have not been elucidated. Herein, the impacts of nanopore size and charge and the shape, size, surface charge, and aggregation state of magnetic nanoparticles were assessed. The sensor was tolerant to all parameters contrary to predictions from electronic or geometric arguments on the current change. Theoretical models showed the greater importance of the polymers around nanoparticles and the access resistance of nanopores to the current, when compared with translocation-based nanopore sensors. The signal magnitude was dominated by the change in access resistance of ∼4.25 Mω for all parameters, resulting in a robust system. The findings provide understandings of changes in current when nanopores are blocked, like in RNA trapping or nanopore blockade sensors, and are important for designing sensors based on nanopore blockades

Measurement of the velocities in the transient acceleration process using all-fiber photonic Doppler velocimetry

Based on analysis of basic photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV), a formula to measure velocity variation in a single cycle is put forward. PDV has been improved in three aspects, namely, the laser, the detector and the data processing. A measurement system for velocity of the initial stage of a shock motion has been demonstrated. Instantaneous velocity measurements have been performed. The experimental results have a good agreement with the values obtained from the accelerometer. Compared with the traditional fringe method, the proposed method in this paper can identify instantaneous velocity variation. So it is particularly suitable for measuring the velocity in the transient acceleration process of shock waves and detonation waves