Comparison of Adjunctive Naoxintong versus Clopidogrel in Volunteers with the CYP2C19*2 Gene Mutation Accompanied with Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Constitution

This study was to determine the impact of adjunctive Buchang Naoxintong Jiaonang (BNJ) to clopidogrel on volunteers with the CYP2C19*2 gene mutation accompanied with qi deficiency and blood stasis (QDBS) constitution. Eighteen males with QDBS constitution were selected, who were 6 CYP2C19*1/*1, 6 CYP2C19*1/*2, and 6 CYP2C19*2/*2, and signed informed consent. Results showed that the maximal platelet aggregation (Aggmax) and 5 min aggregation (Agglate) with 5-μmol/L ADP in three different CYP2C19*2 genotypes were significantly decreased after any drug therapy compared with corresponding baseline measurements (all values P < .05). But percent inhibitions of Aggmax and Agglate (IPAs) in CYP2C19*2/*2 genotype at 4 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after clopidogrel administration were all the lowest among three CYP2C19*2 genotypes (P < .01), and IPAs in CYP2C19*1/*2 genotype were between CYP2C19*1/*1 and CYP2C19*2/*2. IPAs had no significant difference among three different CYP2C19*2 genotypes after BNJ or adjunctive BNJ. In addition, changes of CD62P, PAC1, and sCD40L were similar to changes of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in three different CYP2C19*2 genotypes. Conclusion was that adjunctive BNJ to clopidogrel can enhance the antiplatelet effect in volunteers with the CYP2C19*2 gene mutation

Synthesis of Aminoalkyl Sclareolide Derivatives and Antifungal Activity Studies

Sclareolide was developed as an efficient C-nucleophilic reagent for an asymmetric Mannich addition reaction with a series of N-tert-butylsulfinyl aldimines. The Mannich reaction was carried out under mild conditions, affording the corresponding aminoalkyl sclareolide derivatives with up to 98% yield and 98:2:0:0 diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, the reaction could be performed on a gram scale without any reduction in yield and diastereoselectivity. Additionally, deprotection of the obtained Mannich addition products to give the target sclareolide derivatives bearing a free N-H group was demonstrated. In addition, target compounds 4–6 were subjected to an antifungal assay in vitro, which showed considerable antifungal activity against forest pathogenic fungi.Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21761132021 and 21606133) and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science

Research on prevention and control methods of land subsidence induced by groundwater overexploitation based on three-dimensional fluid solid coupling model—a case study of Guangrao County

Land subsidence is an environmental geological phenomenon with slowly decreasing ground elevation, The North China Plain is one of the areas with the most serious land subsidence in China, and Guangrao County is one of the subsidence centers. This paper is based on the hydrogeological and engineering geological data of Guangrao County, the groundwater monitoring data for many years and the land subsidence monitoring data, systematically analyzes the dynamic characteristics of groundwater, the distribution and evolution of land subsidence, and the correlation between groundwater exploitation and land subsidence development in different layers of this area. Based on Biot porous medium consolidation theory, establishes a three-dimensional fluid solid coupling numerical model of land subsidence in Guangrao County, restores the development process of land subsidence, predicts and analyzes the subsidence evolution law under different groundwater exploitation schemes, and proposes targeted prevention and control measures. The research results show that: the shallow groundwater forms a cone of depression with Guangbei Salt Field as the center, and the deep groundwater forms an elliptical regional cone of depression with the urban area as the center. The ground is gradually formed two small settlement areas with the urban area of Guangrao County and Guangbei Salt Field as the settlement center, and there is a trend of interrelated expansion. The three-dimensional fluid solid coupling model of land subsidence accurately restored the development process of land subsidence in the study area, predicted that under the current groundwater exploitation conditions, by 2040, the settlement of Guangrao urban settlement center will increase to 1,350 mm, forming a large regional funnel centered around the urban area, and gradually developing and expanding around. Prohibition of groundwater exploitation in the main funnel area is a more reasonable and effective exploitation plan to prevent the development of land subsidence