447 research outputs found

    JNK Signalling Regulates Self-Renewal of Proliferative Urine-Derived Renal Progenitor Cells via Inhibition of Ferroptosis

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    With a global increase in chronic kidney disease patients, alternatives to dialysis and organ transplantation are needed. Stem cell-based therapies could be one possibility to treat chronic kidney disease. Here, we used multipotent urine-derived renal progenitor cells (UdRPCs) to study nephrogenesis. UdRPCs treated with the JNK inhibitor—AEG3482 displayed decreased proliferation and downregulated transcription of cell cycle-associated genes as well as the kidney progenitor markers—SIX2, SALL1 and VCAM1. In addition, levels of activated SMAD2/3, which is associated with the maintenance of self-renewal in UdRPCs, were decreased. JNK inhibition resulted in less efficient oxidative phosphorylation and more lipid peroxidation via ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death pathway linked to various forms of kidney disease. Our study is the first to describe the importance of JNK signalling as a link between maintenance of self-renewal and protection against ferroptosis in SIX2-positive renal progenitor cells

    Espacialização de doenças da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) nas safras 2014/2015, 2015/2016 e 2016/2017 no Estado de Mato Grosso.

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    O Estado do Mato Grosso, sendo o maior produtor de soja brasileiro, registra ocorrências de diversas doenças nesta cultura, com um custo total de manejo por ha de R$ 242,42 na safra de 2016/2017 (IMEA, 2017). Para se disponha de um prognóstico cada vez mais preciso das safras, desde a safra 2008/209, Aprosoja (Associação dos Produtores de Soja e Milho do Estado do Mato Grosso) coordena uma expedição técnica, composta por equipes que visitam os produtores rurais, identificando problemas e oportunidades da safra que se inicia, denominado de ?Raio-X da Safra?. Dentre as principais doenças registradas no Estado do Mato Grosso estão: antracnose, ferrugem-asiática, mancha-alvo e mofo-branco, dentre outras. Em função do impacto destas doenças na produtividade da soja, é importante utilizar ferramentas computacionais, tais como sistemas de informação geográfica (GIS) que auxiliem no mapeamento e monitoramento de eventos de doenças visando minimizar ou mitigar os efeitos das doenças e garantir a segurança agrícola. Este trabalho teve como objetivo mapear e caracterizar ocorrências de antracnose, ferrugem-asiática, mancha-alvo e mofo-branco nas safras 2014/2015, 2015/2016 e 2017/2017, no Estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando sistema de informação geográfica, adicionalmente verificar se houve aumento quantitativo das ocorrências e se estas ocorrem de maneira agrupada.Na publicação: MIGUEL-WRUCK, D.S

    Espacialização de ferrugem asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) nas safras 2014-2015, 2015-2016 e 2016-2017 no estado de Mato Grosso.

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    Este trabalho teve como objetivo mapear e caracterizar ocorrências de ferrugem asiática, nas safras de 2014/2015, 2015/2016 e 2017/2017, no Estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando sistema de informação geográfica e adicionalmente verificar se houve aumento quantitativo das ocorrências e se estas ocorrem de maneira agrupada.Na publicação: MIGUEL-WRUCK, D. S

    Spatial and temporal variations of soil water in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry system.

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    This study aimed to monitor the spatial and temporal variations of water tension in the soil in an iCLF in the Cerrado

    Human Amniocytes Are Receptive to Chemically Induced Reprogramming to Pluripotency

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    Restoring pluripotency using chemical compounds alone would be a major step forward in developing clinical-grade pluripotent stem cells, but this has not yet been reported in human cells. We previously demonstrated that VPA_ AFS cells, human amniocytes cultivated with valproic acid (VPA) acquired functional pluripotency while remaining distinct from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), questioning the relationship between the modulation of cell fate and molecular regulation of the pluripotency network. Here, we used single-cell analysis and functional assays to reveal that VPA treatment resulted in a homogeneous population of self-renewing non-transformed cells that fulfill the hallmarks of pluripotency, i.e., a short G1 phase, a dependence on glycolytic metabolism, expression of epigenetic modifications on histones 3 and 4, and reactivation of endogenous OCT4 and downstream targets at a lower level than that observed in hESCs. Mechanistic insights into the process of VPA-induced reprogramming revealed that it was dependent on OCT4 promoter activation, which was achieved independently of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/ AKT/ mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway or GSK3 beta inhibition but was concomitant with the presence of acetylated histones H3K9 and H3K56, which promote pluripotency. Our data identify, for the first time, the pluripotent transcriptional and molecular signature and metabolic status of human chemically induced pluripotent stem cells

    Upland rice under zero tillage in Brazil: Cultivar performance and soil management for early vigour improvement.

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    In Brazil, upland (rainfed) rice aka aerobic rice is planted on approximately 1.5 M ha. In the 1970s and 1980s, it was a common pioneer crop after deforestation with almost 4.5 M ha planted each year. The average grain yield of cultivars like Araguaia and Guarani ranged from 2.0 to 3.0 t ha-1, but the grain type (long and wide with low amylose content) resulted in a sticky rice after cooking. It was rejected by the consumers once long and slender, non-sticky irrigated rice was introduced in the market. Studies were initiated to tackle those problems, as an attempt to enable the cultivation of upland rice under ZT in acid tropical soils in the Brazilian Cerrado and Amazonia biome. Field experiments started for investigating the potential of modern upland rice cultivars at different row spacing to enable the use of the same ZT planter used for soybean (40-cm spacing), the interaction of seed chemical treatment and furrow compaction on rice plant mortality by termites in the early growth stages, and the effect of cover crops on mulching and soil NO3- and NH4+. Material and Method

    Diabetes and Prediabetes and Risk of Hospitalization: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

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    To examine the magnitude and types of hospitalizations among persons with prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes
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