Rotor Slot Permeance Harmonics under Distorted Air-Gap Flux Waveform for Cage Induction Motors

The air-gap flux waveform for a cage induction machine is not sinusoidal in shape and contains various harmonics, including the phase-belt harmonics, slot magnetomotive force (mmf) harmonics, slot permeance harmonics, and saturation harmonics. The slot mmf and permeance harmonics affect the stray losses considerably. Among the saturation harmonics, the third harmonic is usually the most significant one unless it is suppressed by allowing circulating current to flow. The magnitude and phase angle of the saturation harmonics compared to those of fundamental flux waveform depend on whether teeth or core (back iron) section is more saturated. The various amount of third harmonic air gap flux with different phase angle is intentionally injected into a cage induction motor to examine the effects of distorted flux waveform on rotor slot permeance harmonics. For the same air gap fundamental flux, the waveform which has the higher air gap peak flux also produce higher rotor slot permeance harmonics. The stator core losses, no-load rotor high frequency losses, no-load losses, and stray load losses under distorted air gap flux waveforms are presented and discussed.Center for Electromechanic

Departures from isotropy: the kinematics of a larval snail in response to food

Author Posting. © Company of Biologists, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of Company of Biologists for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Experimental Biology 224(2), (2020): jeb.239178, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.239178.The swimming behavior of invertebrate larvae can affect their dispersal, survival and settlement in the ocean. Modeling this behavior accurately poses unique challenges as behavior is controlled by both physiology and environmental cues. Some larvae use cilia to both swim and create feeding currents, resulting in potential trade-offs between the two functions. Food availability is naturally patchy and often occurs in shallow horizontal layers in the ocean. Also, larval swimming motions generally differ in the horizontal and vertical directions. In order to investigate behavioral response to food by ciliated larvae, we measured their behavioral anisotropy by quantifying deviations from a model based on isotropic diffusion. We hypothesized that larvae would increase horizontal swimming and decrease vertical swimming after encountering food, which could lead to aggregation at food layers. We considered Crepidula fornicata larvae, which are specifically of interest as they exhibit unsteady and variable swimming behaviors that are difficult to categorize. We tracked the larvae in still water with and without food, with a portion of the larvae starved beforehand. On average, larvae in the presence of food were observed higher in the water column, with higher swimming speeds and higher horizontal swimming velocities when compared with larvae without food. Starved larvae also exhibited higher vertical velocities in food, suggesting no aggregation behavior. Although most treatments showed strong anisotropy in larval behavior, we found that starved larvae without food exhibited approximately isotropic kinematics, indicating that behavioral anisotropy can vary with environmental history and conditions to enhance foraging success or mitigate food-poor environments.M.H.D. and K.S.M.-K. were supported by postdoctoral scholarships from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and B.T. was supported by a WHOI Summer Student Fellowship. This work was also supported by National Science Foundation grant OCE-0850419

ALIGNMENT DAN ANALISIS KEKERABATAN RAYAP COPTOTERMES FORMOSANUS (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) PADA HABITAT YANG BERBEDA DENGAN SOFTWARE BIOEDIT DAN MEGA 6 (STUDI PUSTAKA DNA SEKUENSING DARI NCBI)

Background: Bioinformatics is a science that can relate information which includes molecular biology, biochemical structure, enzymatic, cell biology, physiology and pathology by using a computerized system based on data that has been collected. Methods: sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree construction of DNA sequences registered at NCBI in the subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki that lives in different habitats, namely in Mississippi, Southeast Asia, and China using Bioedit and MEGA software. Results: Sequence alignment showed that termite C. formosanus isolated from MS12 gene COII (FJ870577.1) in the Mississippi area had a base pair of 790 bp, termite C. formosanus isolated from Dinghu Mountain gene COII (KU257993.1) in China has a base pair of 779 bp, and the termite C. formosanus isolated from CF003JP gene COII (EF379943.1) in Southeast Asia has a base pair of 676 bp. The construction of the phylogenetic tree shows that the termite C. formosanus isolated from Dinghu Mountain gene COII (KU257993.1) in the China region has a close kinship with the termite C. formosanus isolated from CF003JP gene COII (EF379943.1) in the Southeast Asia region, while The termite C. formosanus isolated from MS12 gene COII (FJ870577.1) in the Mississippi area is distantly related to C. formosanus (KU257993.1) from China and C. formosanus (EF379943.1) from Southeast Asia. Conclusion: Mississippi has a base pair of 790 bp, termite C. formosanus isolated from Dinghu Mountain gene COII (KU257993.1), China has a base pair of 779 bp, and termite C. formosanus isolated from CF003JP gene COII (EF379943.1), Southeast Asia has a base pair of 676 bp. China is closely related to the termite C. formosanus isolated from COII gene CF003JP (EF379943.1), Southeast Asia, while the termite C. formosanus isolated from MS12 gene COII (FJ870577.1), Mississippi is distantly related to C. formosanus (KU257993.1) from China and C. formosanus (EF379943.1) from Southeast Asia

MOORLAND, JESSE EDWARD

Author: Moorland, Jesse Edward, 1863-1940 (See Finding Aid) Title: Papers, 1790-1940 Description: 40 linear ft. Notes: Afro-American executive of the YMCA, trustee of Howard University, minister, and collector of books relating to Afro-Americans. Family and personal papers; general correspondence; speeches; photographs; and correspondence, clippings, printed materials, reports, and minutes relating to various organizations with which Moorland was affiliated, particularly the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Howard University, the Moorland Foundation, the Nazarene Congregation Church in Brooklyn, NY, the United War Work Campaign, the YMCA, the YMCA Colored Men\u27s Department, the YMCA International Committee, and the YMCA National Council. Correspondents include Albert Cassell, W. E. B. Du Bois, James Stanley Durkee, William Leo Hansberry, William Alphaeus Hunton, James Weldon Johnson, Mordecai W. Johnson, Alain Locke, Kelly Miller, George Foster Peabody, Jean Toomer, Booker T. Washington, Charles H. Wesley, Carter Godwin Woodson, and Max Yergan. Gift of Jesse Edward Moorland, 1941. Subjects: Afro-American academic libraries -- Washington (DC) Afro-American executives -- Washington (DC). lcsh Afro-Americans -- Societies, etc. Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Inc. Cassell, Albert Irvin, 1895-1969, correspondent. Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963, as correspondent. Durkee, J. Stanley (James Stanley), 1866-1951, as correspondent. Hansberry, William Leo, correspondent. Howard University. Moorland Foundation. Hunton, Alphaeus, 1903-1970, as correspondent. Johnson, James Weldon, 1871-1938, as correspondent. Johnson, Mordecai W. (Mordecai Wyatt), 1890-1976, as correspondent. Locke, Alain LeRoy, 1886-1954, as correspondent. Miller, Kelly, 1863-1939, as correspondent. National Council of the Young Men\u27s Christian Associations of the United States of America. Nazarene Congregation Church (Brooklyn, New York, NY) Peabody, George Foster, 1852-1938, as correspondent. Toomer, Jean, 1894-1967, as correspondent. United War Work Campaign. Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915, as correspondent. Wesley, Charles H. (Charles Harris), 1891-1987, as correspondent. Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950, as correspondent. World War, 1914-1918 -- War work -- Young Men\u27s Christian associations. Young Men\u27s Christian associations -- United States. Yergan, Max, 1894-1975, as correspondent. YMCA of the USA. YMCA of the USA. Colored Men\u27s Dept. YMCA of the USA. International Committee. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Location: Howard University, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center (Washington, DC) NIDS Fiche #: 4.72.80 NUCMC #: DCLV96-A74

A minimized rRNA-binding site for ribosomal protein S4 and its implications for 30S assembly

Primary ribosomal protein S4 is essential for 30S ribosome biogenesis in eubacteria, because it nucleates subunit assembly and helps coordinate assembly with the synthesis of its rRNA and protein components. S4 binds a five-helix junction (5WJ) that bridges the 5′ and 3′ ends of the 16S 5′ domain. To delineate which nucleotides contribute to S4 recognition, sequential deletions of the 16S 5′ domain were tested in competitive S4-binding assays based on electrophoretic mobility shifts. S4 binds the minimal 5WJ RNA containing just the five-helix junction as well or better than with affinity comparable to or better than the 5′ domain or native 16S rRNA. Internal deletions and point mutations demonstrated that helices 3, 4, 16 and residues at the helix junctions are necessary for S4 binding, while the conserved helix 18 pseudoknot is dispensable. Hydroxyl radical footprinting and chemical base modification showed that S4 makes the same interactions with minimal rRNA substrates as with the native 16S rRNA, but the minimal substrates are more pre-organized for binding S4. Together, these results suggest that favorable interactions with S4 offset the energetic penalty for folding the 16S rRNA

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Clinical Application and Surgical Outcomes

The visualization of the level and pattern of apnea and hypopnea events is of pivotal importance in the diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). There are numerous techniques available to assess upper airway obstruction, which include imaging, acoustic analysis, pressure transducer recording, and endoscopic evaluation. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a diagnostic tool that allows the dynamic, three-dimensional evaluation of the patterns of vibration and collapse of the upper airway of SDB patients. DISE may change the initial surgical planning in a high percentage of cases. A universally accepted and methodologically standardized DISE could provide significant insight into its role to improve surgical outcomes. However, up to now the ideal DISE protocol remains an open question

Lessons Learned From Inspire Super-Performers

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine what demographic factors correlate with greater rates of upper airway stimulation adherence and efficacy. Study Design: Case control study Introduction: Upper airway stimulation (UAS) is emerging as an effective procedure for select patients with obstructive sleep apnea. As initially studied, this procedure is reserved for those exhibiting body mass index (BMI) Methods: We queried a single surgeon’s database of UAS cases, totaling 97 at the time of study. The electronic medical record (EMR) was queried for each patient and pertinent demographics were recorded. We began by defining cohorts: super-adherers were those with greater than 6 hours of nightly device use; non-adherers less than 4. Super-responders had a post-operative AHI and ESS less than 10, and greater than 80% decrease in AHI. Non-responders had an AHI greater than 20 and less than 50% decrease. Super-performers met both super-adherer responder criteria, while non-performers similarly met both negative criteria. Results: Overall, 97 patients underwent hypoglossal nerve stimulation with an average AHI reduction of 67.1%, and 6.2 hours of nightly adherence. 11 patients were defined as super-performers, and 3 as non-performers. 20 patients were super responders vs 11 non-responders. 49 were super adherers vs 34 non-adherers. P-values for various categories will be displayed in Table 1, no difference was found between the groups as age, BMI, sex, pre-op AHI, and pre-op VOTE score were examined. Conclusions: Upper airway stimulation is an effective treatment for patients intolerant of CPAP. In this review there were no statistically significant differences found between the best and lowers performing patients in terms of baseline characteristics

Computer simulation of chaperone effects of Archaeal C/D box sRNA binding on rRNA folding

Archaeal C/D box small RNAs (sRNAs) are homologues of eukaryotic C/D box small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). Their main function is guiding 2′-O-ribose methylation of nucleotides in rRNAs. The methylation requires the pairing of an sRNA antisense element to an rRNA target site with formation of an RNA–RNA duplex. The temporary formation of such a duplex during rRNA maturation is expected to influence rRNA folding in a chaperone-like way, in particular in thermophilic Archaea, where multiple sRNAs with two binding sites are found. Here we investigate possible mechanisms of chaperone function of Archaeoglobus fulgidus and Pyrococcus abyssi C/D box sRNAs using computer simulations of rRNA secondary structure formation by genetic algorithm. The effects of sRNA binding on rRNA structure are introduced as temporary structural constraints during co-transcriptional folding. Comparisons of the final predictions with simulations without sRNA binding and with phylogenetic structures show that sRNAs with two antisense elements may significantly facilitate the correct formation of long-range interactions in rRNAs, in particular at elevated temperatures. The simulations suggest that the main mechanism of this effect is a transient restriction of folding in rRNA domains where the termini are brought together by binding to double-guide sRNAs