Intelligent editor/printer enhancements

Microprocessor support hardware, software, and cross assemblers relating to the Motorola 6800 and 6809 process systems were developed. Pinter controller and intelligent CRT development are discussed. The user's manual, design specifications for the MC6809 version of the intelligent printer controller card, and a 132-character by 64-line intelligent CRT display system using a Motorola 6809 MPU, and a one-line assembler and disassembler are provided

Upon Leaving a Firm: Tell the Truth or Hide the Ball

This Article analyzes the relevant ethical mandates and the history of postemployment restrictive covenants between lawyers. In so doing, this Article raises and answers questions concerning the traditional position taken by lawyers. First, Part II examines the conflicts that increasingly occur when attorneys depart their firms. Part III discusses the evolution and ethical rationale underlying the traditional, per se impermissibility of noncompetition clauses between lawyers. Next, Part IV acknowledges the unique position of lawyers in the public sphere and the judiciary's use of a reasonableness standard, rather than a commercial standard, to evaluate attorney restrictive covenants. Part V examines the Cohen decision, while Part VI analyzes the recent judicial trend in upholding postemployment covenants. Part VII then discusses the balancing test currently used to reject the per se impermissibility of noncompetition clauses between lawyers. Part VIII discusses the adverse impact resulting from the application of the balancing test. Finally, in Part IX, this Article concludes that the legal profession is inherently different from any other profession, mandating that attorney noncompetition clauses be treated differently in order to protect the best interests of the client

13 Things That Saved Apollo 13

Perhaps, the most exciting rescue, terrestrial or extra-terrestrial, is the successful return of the Apollo 13 crew to Earth in April of 1970. The mission s warning system engineer, Jerry Woodfill, who remains a NASA employee after 47 years of government service has examined facets of the rescue for the past 42 years. He will present "13 Things That Saved Apollo 13" from the perspective of his real time experience as well as two score years of study. Many are recent discoveries never before published in mission reports, popular books or documentary and Hollywood movies depicting the rescue

An Independent and Adequate Procedural Rule Bars a State Prisoner, Who Has Defaulted His Entire Appeal, from Asserting a Federal Claim Unless the Prisoner Demonstrates Cause for, and Actual Prejudice Resulting from, the Procedural Default, or in the Alternative, Proves a Fundamental Miscarriage of Justice Will Result if the Federal Habeas Court Fails to Hear the Claim.

The current jurisprudential regime accepts a blanket procedural default policy which denies the federal habeas court its proper constitutional role. An ideological coup d’etat is needed which reappraises the modern procedural default doctrine and supplants it with a rule in the spirit of Fay v. Noia. Such a revolution would emphasize the federal habeas court’s role as a defender of constitutional rights. In an era of multifarious litigation and sociological jurisprudence, a habeas prisoner should not lose his life because a negligent public defender failed to preserve the right in procedural formaldehyde. On April 23, 1982, a court convicted Roger Keith Coleman of rape and murder. After exhausting his appeal, Coleman filed a petition in state court requesting a writ of habeas corpus. The court denied the writ, he filed an appeal, and the appeal was dismissed as untimely. The United States Supreme Court refused to hear Coleman’s appeal after denial of his petition. An independent and adequate state procedural rule bars a prisoner, who has defaulted his entire appeal, from asserting a federal claim. Unless, however, the prisoner demonstrates cause for, and actual prejudice resulting from procedural default, or proves a fundamental miscarriage of justice will result if the federal habeas court fails to hear the claim. The modern procedural default rule improperly substitutes a prisoner’s valid constitutional claim for minor improvements in judicial efficiency when it makes the prisoner a victim of his lawyer’s negligence. Assuming Coleman’s claims were valid and that his trial would have turned out differently without the errors, the inescapable conclusion is a man was improperly forced to pay the ultimate price for a notice requirement filed seventy-two hours late. Levying such a high price for a procedural default is insensitive. Levying the ultimate price for a lawyer’s inadvertence is intolerable

Does Seasonal Reproductive State Affect the Neuroendocrine Response of the Ewe to a Long-Day Pattern of Melatonin?

This study examined whether or not the reproductive response of female sheep to photoperiod varies with seasonal reproductive state. The specific objective was to test the hypothesis that the reproductive response to a long-day pattern of melatonin varies with the reproductive state of the ewe. The response examined was the synchronization of reproductive neuroendocrine induction (rise in serum luteinizing hormone, or LH) following nocturnal infusion of melatonin into pinealectomized ewes for 35 consecutive nights. This infusion restored a pattern of circulating melatonin similar to that in pineal-intact ewes maintained in a long photoperiod (LD 16:8). The ewes had been pinealectomized and without melatonin replacement for 16-25 months prior to the study. They were in differing reproductive states at the start of the infusion, as their endogenous reproductive rhythm had become desynchronized among individuals and with respect to time of year. Noninfused pinealectomized ewes served as controls. Regardless of the reproductive state at the start of the 35-day infusion of the long-day pattern of melatonin, all treated ewes exhibited the same reproductive neuroendocrine response after the infusion was ended. This consisted of a synchronized rise in LH some 6-8 weeks after the infusion was terminated, the maintenance of a high level of serum LH for some 15 weeks, and a subsequent precipitous fall in LH to a very low level. These results provide evidence that a long-day pattern of melatonin can synchronize reproductive neuroendocrine induction in the ewe, regardless of reproductive condition, and thus do not support the hypothesis that this response differs with seasonal reproductive state.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66625/2/10.1177_074873049200700101.pd

Chemical signatures of salt sources in the Maya world: implications for isotopic signals in ancient consumers

Salt is an essential nutrient, as well as a spice and a food preservative. Inland sources are rare, making it one of the most precious commodities in the world. In the Maya region, salt production sites are located in multiple places on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts and the Gulf of Mexico, but there are multiple salt sources in the interior in both Guatemala and Mexico. However, while there is archaeological evidence of salt production on a scale to suggest that salt was a major export at each of these sources, it is difficult to reconstruct the movement of salt before the Spanish conquest. This is a critical question for isotopic studies of migration, which are based on the premise that Maya communities relied on local foods, even as evidence for marketplaces emerges. Salt was a non-local food consumed by most Mayas not living in proximity to saltworks

Circannual Alterations in the Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin Secretion

To determine if a circadian rhythm known to be functionally related to the reproductive axis varies on a circannual basis, we monitored the circadian secretion of melatonin at monthly intervals for 2 years in four ovariectomized, estradiol-implanted ewes held in a constant short-day photoperiod. Prior to the study, ewes had been housed in a short-day (8L:16D) photoperiod for 4 years and were exhibiting circannual reproductive rhythms as assessed by serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Three of the four sheep showed unambiguous deviations from the expected nocturnal melatonin secretion at two different times approximately 1 year apart. Nocturnal rises in melatonin, which usually last the duration of the dark phase, were delayed by 3-14 h or were missing. Altogether, five of the seven melatonin alterations observed in these three ewes occurred during the nadir of the circannual LH cycle. In the remaining ewe, we did not observe an altered melatonin secretory pattern during this period, and this ewe also failed to show a high amplitude circannual cycle of LH. The results provide evidence for a circannual change in the circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion. This alteration in melatonin secretion may serve as a "functional" change in daylength, and thereby may influence the expression of the circannual reproductive rhythm of sheep held in a fixed photoperiod for an extended time.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68029/2/10.1177_074873049501000104.pd