A tablet-based application for older adults to enhance memory: Communication with archiving stories

Sharing emotion is one aspect of communication between humans. Throughout human history people have regularly met face to face in order to share or collect information and to experience emotional interaction. As technology rapidly developed the means of communication have dramatically moved to online space through social communication methods or through online information spaces where people comment or write their ideas and thoughts. Although most audiences now use online communication methods, the older population has been relatively neglected in the industry because they are sometimes considered customers outside the major market. The main goal of this study was (1) to develop a technology-friendly interface design prototype based on a touch-based tablet application using universal design principles and (2) to assess the prototype design through several research methods such as field observation, surveys, and interviews. This study can expand designers’ knowledge for the next step of application of development for older adults. This study found that even though older adults are sometimes isolated from society, they might think of relationships as an important part of their later life. Although technology may be harder for older adults to learn, this study found it possible if older adults are willing to learn and use a communication application. This study also found that intuitive visual cues might play an important role in aiding older adults to grasp and understand the structure of an application. Technology-friendly interface design can enable older adults to use technology routinely in their daily lives. The designer’s role in this process would be to seek better understanding through the user study and to find the visual elements to provide a technology-friendly environment for older adults

Attitudes and Experiences of Palliative Care Providers Toward Patients with Substance Use Disorder

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2023As the U.S. population ages and older adults use substances at unprecedented rates, more patients with substance use disorder (SUD) will require medical care for serious illnesses. Despite shifting demographics and population care needs, there is a paucity of research on palliative care for patients with SUD. The limited literature at the intersection of palliative care and patients with SUD focuses on the challenges of safely prescribing to patients, excluding any other elements of care for this patient population. The current study is the first to explore the attitudes and experiences of palliative care providers of different disciplines toward patients with SUD. This research utilized an exploratory, qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews with 14 interprofessional palliative care providers. Several salient themes emerged following a thematic analysis of interviews: the distinct roles and values of palliative care, the perception of patients with SUD as complex with complex care needs, awareness of stigma and desire to reduce impacts on patients, the multivariate factors that influence the development of SUD, and a spectrum of care strategies and identified training needs. The results of this study establish there are other relevant considerations for palliative care patients with SUD in addition to safe prescribing. Due to the lack of a comprehensive approach for palliative care patients with SUD, this study supports the need for further resources and training opportunities for providers. Patients with SUD also experience systemic marginalization, pointing to a need for greater structural shifts to reduce barriers to adequate care

A tablet-based application for older adults to enhance memory: Communication with archiving stories

Sharing emotion is one aspect of communication between humans. Throughout human history people have regularly met face to face in order to share or collect information and to experience emotional interaction. As technology rapidly developed the means of communication have dramatically moved to online space through social communication methods or through online information spaces where people comment or write their ideas and thoughts. Although most audiences now use online communication methods, the older population has been relatively neglected in the industry because they are sometimes considered customers outside the major market. The main goal of this study was (1) to develop a technology-friendly interface design prototype based on a touch-based tablet application using universal design principles and (2) to assess the prototype design through several research methods such as field observation, surveys, and interviews. This study can expand designers’ knowledge for the next step of application of development for older adults. This study found that even though older adults are sometimes isolated from society, they might think of relationships as an important part of their later life. Although technology may be harder for older adults to learn, this study found it possible if older adults are willing to learn and use a communication application. This study also found that intuitive visual cues might play an important role in aiding older adults to grasp and understand the structure of an application. Technology-friendly interface design can enable older adults to use technology routinely in their daily lives. The designer’s role in this process would be to seek better understanding through the user study and to find the visual elements to provide a technology-friendly environment for older adults.</p

Analysis of Factors affecting Urban-to-Rural Migrants’ Intention and Behavior to Re-migrate to Urban Areas

This study analyzes the effect of motivation types on urban-to-rural migrants’ intention and behavior to re-migrate to urban areas. The motivation types are classified into economical and non-economical factors. By using the ordered logit model, we analyze the effect of economical and non-economical factors on the intention to re-migrate from rural to urban areas. The effect of economical and non-economical factors on the actual decision to re-migrate to urban areas is estimated based on the multinomial logit model. According to the estimation results, urban-to-rural migrants who put economical reasons first are more likely to choose to re-migrate to urban ares. On the other hand, it is estimated that urban-to-rural migrants who took prior education before migration or moved with their families are less likely to decide to return to urban areas

Reproducibility as a service

Recent studies demonstrated that the reproducibility of previously published computational experiments is inadequate. Many of these published computational experiments are not reproducible, because they never recorded or preserved their computational environment. This environment consists of artifacts such as packages installed in the language, libraries installed on the host system, file names, and directory hierarchy. Researchers have created reproducibility tools to help mitigate this problem, but they do nothing for the experiments that already exist in online repositories. This situation is not improving, as researchers continue to publish results every year without using reproducibility tools, likely due to benign neglect as it is common to believe publishing the code and data is sufficient for reproducibility. To clarify the gap between what existing reproducibility tools are capable of and this issue with published experiments, we define a framework to distinguish between actions taken by a researcher to facilitate reproducibility in the presence of a computational environment and actions taken by a researcher to enable reproduction of an experiment when that environment has been lost. The difference between these approaches in reproducibility lies in the availability of a computational environment. Researchers that provide access to the original computational environment perform proactive reproducibility, while those who do not enable only retroactive reproducibility. We present Reproducibility as a Service (RaaS), which is, to our knowledge, the first reproducibility tool explicitly designed to facilitate retroactive reproducibility. We demonstrate how RaaS can fix many of the common errors found in R scripts on Harvard's Dataverse and preserve the recreated computational environment.Science, Faculty ofComputer Science, Department ofGraduat

Sémantique et représentation formelle de verbes qui expriment les relations causales (augmenter, conduire, créer, déclencher, diminuer, entraîner, entretenir, pousser, provoquer)

La causalité est une des notions les plus fondamentales à la fois dans les sciences et dans la vie quotidienne. Par rapport aux autres relations, telles que l'agentivité, la transitivité sémantique, la factitivité, qui mettent en relation deux entités entre elles, la causalité est une relation interprétée entre deux situations. Notre étude a pour but d'analyser les indicateurs linguistiques pour appréhender les relations causales dans les textes, en particulier les textes médicaux. Le domaine médical montre bien la complexité de la notion de causalité. Le schéma de causalité proposé par l'étude présente, constitué de trois étapes, Observation-Interprétation-Validation, prend en compte le processus du diagnostic médical et la structure des textes contenant les relations causales. Nous avons construit une typologie des relations causales à partir de neuf verbes polysémiques, indicateurs de causalité, analysés dans le formalisme des schèmes sémantico-cognitifs. Ces verbes portent divers types d'informations : le temps, les rôles sémantiques des arguements, le type de situations, etc. Le modèle de la Grammaire Applicative et Cognitive permet d'analyser la polysémie verbale au niveau sémantico-cognitif et de structurer les différentes significations en réseau.Causality is one of the most fundamental notions, not only in sciences but also in everyday life. Compared to other relations, such as agentivity, semantic transitivity, factitivity, which organize relations between two entities, causality is an interpreted relation between two situations. This research involves analyzing linguistic indicators in order to apprehend causal relations in medical texts. Medicine well accounts for the complexity of this notion, causality. Our causal schema, composed of three steps, Observation-Interpretation-Validation, takes into account the medical diagnostic process and the structure of texts that explain causal relations. Nine French verbs are analyzed in a formalism called semantico-cogntive scheme and they transport various types of information : time, semantic roles of arguments, situation types and so on. We have established a typology of causal relations that is based on the semantic analysis of these nine verbs. Applicative and Cognitive Grammar allows to analyze multi-significant verbs at the semantico-cognitive level and helps us to understand various meanings of a verb in its network.PARIS4-BU Serpente (751052129) / SudocSudocFranceF