The Political Economy of European Wine Regulations

The EU wine market is heavily regulated. Despite the many distortions in the wine market as a consequence, refirming the regulations has proven difficult. This paper analyses the political economy mechanism that created the existing set of wine regulations. We document the historical origins of the regulations and relate these to political pressures that resulted from international integration, technological innovations and economic developments

Voter, élire pendant la Révolution française, 1789-1799. Guide pour la recherche

National audienceLe recours au vote des citoyens s'impose avec la Révolution française. Il s'étend à presque toutes les fonctions publiques. Les pratiques électorales, profondément différentes des nôtres fondent un espace démocratique. Les études électorales sur la décennie révolutionnaire sont encore un champ largement ouvert aux chercheurs. Ce guide vise à mettre à leur disposition des outils de travail : recueil de textes législatifs et réglementaires ; documents autour des pratiques ; clefs de lectures et instruments méthodiques

Voter, élire pendant la Révolution française, 1789-1799. Guide pour la recherche

National audienceLe recours au vote des citoyens s'impose avec la Révolution française. Il s'étend à presque toutes les fonctions publiques. Les pratiques électorales, profondément différentes des nôtres fondent un espace démocratique. Les études électorales sur la décennie révolutionnaire sont encore un champ largement ouvert aux chercheurs. Ce guide vise à mettre à leur disposition des outils de travail : recueil de textes législatifs et réglementaires ; documents autour des pratiques ; clefs de lectures et instruments méthodiques

A leader in an emerging new international market: the determinants of French wine exports, 1848–1938

The objective of this article is to provide an in-depth study of France''s performance in the new international wine market that began to take shape from the middle of the nineteenth century. We analyse the main determinants of its success in exporting ordinary and high-quality wine using a gravity model for both types of wine. The article shows how France lost foreign markets in the ordinary wine sector, due to difficulties in maintaining its exports, which resulted from the decrease in production caused by the phylloxera plague and increasing competition from growing numbers of producers who were more efficient at producing these types of wines. However, in the high-quality wine market, French exporters enjoyed considerable success, increasing their exports thanks to their efforts to offer a product that was highly valued abroad and the use of modern marketing and sales techniques. The exports benefited from the fall in transport costs and French colonial expansion. However, exports of both products were severely affected by a series of major events, including the First World War, the Russian Revolution, Prohibition in the US, and the Great Depression. This case study of the wine market shows that the collapse of the first globalization was not the same for all products