Das Ländliche als kulturelle Kategorie: aktuelle kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf Stadt-Land-Beziehungen

Das Ländliche hat Konjunktur. Zwischen medialer »Landlust« und realem Strukturwandel in den ländlichen Räumen Europas differenziert es sich dynamisch aus. Idylle oder Problemregion? Arbeitsort oder Freizeitpark? Repräsentationen und lebensweltliche Erfahrungen des Ländlichen avancieren zu einem alltagskulturellen Konfliktfeld, auf dem sich vor einem historischen Hintergrund elementare Problemlagen der Gegenwart und die Komplexität von kulturellen Land-Stadt-Beziehungen spiegeln.Die Beiträge des Bandes liefern hierzu Einsichten aus der Forschungsperspektive der Europäischen Ethnologie und rahmen das Thema damit für historische und gegenwartsbezogene Kulturanalysen begrifflich, methodisch und theoretisch

ETER Country Report on HEI types: Belgium - Flemish Community

This report describes the structure of the national higher education system in Flanders (Belgium - Flemish Community), focusing on the institutional types as defined by national categories. It builds on the Eurydice Report on the national higher education system but complements it with quantitative information on the role of higher education institution (HEI) types in national systems, based on data derived from the European Tertiary Education Register (http://www.eter-project.eu) for the period 2011-2020.

Competitive Performativity of (Academic) Social Networks. The subjectivation of Competition on ResearchGate, Google Scholar and Twitter

This paper develops a better understanding of the explicit and implicit implications of the academic field's competitization, with a specific focus on the role that academic social networks and platforms (ASNPs) play in this process. By applying a mixed-methods approach combining a structural analysis and a questionnaire study, we compare ResearchGate, Google Scholar and Twitter and ask how and to what extent they contribute to the competitive subjectivation of their users. Therefore, we differentiate between suggested and enacted subjectivation, i.e., different levels of amplifying the self-perception of a 'competitive self.' We particularly find that ResearchGate, which is used by about two thirds of our respondents, offers a broad variety of tools for competitive subjectivation, yet all three ASNPs support the metric logic of individual research evaluation. Concerning differences in age, gender and disciplinary background, our results show that ASNPs are used more by younger and male researchers and these groups also perceive their work more competitively and act more competitively. While metric research evaluation is assessed as most important in the natural sciences and economics and rather unimportant in the humanities, social scientists especially perceive their work and their relation to colleagues in a competitive context

How risky is Monetary Policy? The Effect of Monetary Policy on Systemic Risk in the Euro Area

This paper empirically investigates the effect of monetary policy on systemic risk within the Euro area. We estimate a Bayesian proxy-VAR where we exploit high-frequency identified monetary policy surprises for identification. Employing aggregate as well as market specific systemic risk measures, we provide novel evidence on the heterogeneous risk transmission of conventional and unconventional monetary policy on different financial markets. We find that expansionary conventional monetary policy, near term guidance and forward guidance decrease systemic risk whereas quantitative easing (QE) increases systemic risk. While the effects are qualitatively homogeneous for near term guidance and forward guidance, there exists heterogeneity in the risk transmission of conventional monetary policy and QE across different financial markets. The latter increases systemic risk significantly within bond markets, foreign exchange markets and among financial intermediaries. This might be caused by increased search for yield behaviour as QE distinctively reduces longer term interest rates. Our analysis shows that there is a potential threat to financial stability caused by QE which should be concerned by monetary- and macroprudential policymakers.Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Serie

Winning urban competition with a social agenda. The competition imaginary in Viennese urban development plans

In the last decades many scholars have studied urban competition and entrepreneurial urban policies. Coming from the evolving field of competition research, we are interested in how urban competition is constructed and, for this purpose, examine the competition imaginary of Vienna, a city known less for its entrepreneurial policies than for its social welfare policies. The paper employs critical discourse analysis of Viennese policy papers from 1985-2015, a period particularly shaped by the process of competitization. The analysis shows that Vienna's social and welfare policies are also decisive for the city's positioning in urban competition and rankings

Theorizing competition: An interdisciplinary framework

This paper introduces a framework to facilitate an interdisciplinary analysis of 'competition'. While such an interdisciplinary analysis can be justified by referencing the various fields of social and economic life in which 'competition' is important, three challenges are found to aggravate such endeavor. To mitigate these challenges, and to explicate the often implicit meta-theoretical assumption in the scope, methodological and normative dimension, a meta-theoretical framework is proposed. Its usefulness is illustrated via a comparative description of selected contributions from the social sciences and humanities. Despite its limited scope, it yields some preliminary conjectures that may inspire future research: first, there are sufficient common elements across different concepts of competition that justify an interdisciplinary approach to study competition; second, apart from differences between disciplines, there are remarkable differences within disciplines that are at least of similar importance. Finally, there are important interdependencies between the meta-theoretical dimensions considered in the framework

Winning urban competition with a social agenda: The competition imaginary in Viennese urban development plans

In the last decades many scholars have studied urban competition and entrepreneurial urban policies. Coming from the evolving field of competition research, we are interested in how urban competition is constructed and, for this purpose, examine the competition imaginary of Vienna, a city known less for its entrepreneurial policies than for its social welfare policies. The paper employs critical discourse analysis of Viennese policy papers from 1985-2015, a period particularly shaped by the process of competitization. The analysis shows that Vienna's social and welfare policies are also decisive for the city's positioning in urban competition and rankings

Theorizing Competition. An interdisciplinary approach to the genesis of a contested concept

Competition is at the core of economics, being both a central concept of economic reasoning and a main prerequisite for economic action. Yet, the attempt of a clear definition of competition is challenging as the concept of competition has been used in different historical and disciplinary contexts. This paper provides an analytical and historical comparison between conceptions of competition from economics, sociology and anthropology. Our interdisciplinary review and systematisation show how different conceptions of competition are bound up with different ways to theorize the relation between an "economic realm" and a "social realm". By focusing on the scope and normative implications of these concepts, we aim to develop a better understanding of competitization, i.e. the expansion of competitive modes of regulation and practices

Theorizing Competition: An interdisciplinary approach to the genesis of a contested concept

Competition is at the core of economics, being both a central concept of economic reasoning and a main prerequisite for economic action. Yet, the attempt of a clear definition of competition is challenging as the concept of competition has been used in different historical and disciplinary contexts. This paper provides an analytical and historical comparison between conceptions of competition from economics, sociology and anthropology. Our interdisciplinary review and systematisation show how different conceptions of competition are bound up with different ways to theorize the relation between an "economic realm" and a "social realm" . By focusing on the scope and normative implications of these concepts, we aim to develop a better understanding of competitization, i.e. the expansion of competitive modes of regulation and practices