Elastic properties of cubic crystals: Every's versus Blackman's diagram

Blackman's diagram of two dimensionless ratios of elastic constants is frequently used to correlate elastic properties of cubic crystals with interatomic bondings. Every's diagram of a different set of two dimensionless variables was used by us for classification of various properties of such crystals. We compare these two ways of characterization of elastic properties of cubic materials and consider the description of various groups of materials, e.g. simple metals, oxides, and alkali halides. With exception of intermediate valent compounds, the correlation coefficients for Every's diagrams of various groups of materials are greater than for Blackaman's diagrams, revealing the existence of a linear relationship between two dimensionless Every's variables. Alignment of elements and compounds along lines of constant Poisson's ratio $\nu(,\textbf{m})$, ($\textbf{m}$ arbitrary perpendicular to ) is observed. Division of the stability region in Blackman's diagram into region of complete auxetics, auxetics and non-auxetics is introduced. Correlations of a scaling and an acoustic anisotropy parameter are considered.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, presented on The Ninth International School on Theoretical Physics "Symmetry and Structural Properties of Condensed Matter", 5 - 12 September 2007, Myczkowce, Polan

Coal Miners and Third-Party Politics in Illinois, 1880-1924: A Statistical Analysis of Voting Behavior

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50857/1/76.pd

A Description of the Third Instar of Platambus flavovittaus (Larson and Wolfe, 1998) with Comments on the Larval Morphology of Platambus stagninus (Say, 1823) and a Key to the Agabini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Georgia

Mature Agabini larvae collected from a small temporary road-side habitat were reared to the adult stage and identified as Platambus flavovittattus (Larson and Wolfe, 1998). The mature larva is described and illustrated with an emphasis on leg morphology. Important differences between cranial temporal curvatures of P. flavovittatus and P. stagninus (Say, 1823) are described. A larval key is constructed to facilitate identification of Georgia agabine genera and species

Estimation of (co)variance components for Jersey type traits using a repeatability model

(Co)variance components for final score and 15 linear type traits of Jersey cows were estimated by multitrait REML using multiple diagonalization and a repeatability model with 34,999 records of 22,354 cows. Multiple diagonalization gave relative off-diagonals (ratio of squared off-diagonals to the product of diagonals) of <0.1%. Heritabilities and repeatabilities, respectively, were estimated as 0.29 and 0.48 for final score, 0.40 and 0.57 for stature, 0.26 and 0.39 for strength, 0.28 and 0.43 for dairy form, 0.13 and 0.25 for foot angle, 0.13 and 0.25 for rear legs (side view), 0.27 and 0.41 for body depth, 0.31 and 0.52 for rump angle, 0.22 and 0.33 for thurl width, 0.22 and 0.36 for fore udder attachment, 0.28 and 0.46 for rear udder height, 0.26 and 0.42 for rear udder width, 0.32 and 0.48 for udder depth, 0.20 and 0.36 for udder cleft, 0.29 and 0.46 for front teat placement, and 0.31 and 0.48 for teat length. Estimates of heritability generally were higher, and estimates of repeatability were lower, than values used previously for USDA genetic evaluations, which were based on data from the 1970s and early 1980s. Final score was highly correlated both genetically and phenotypically with dairy form and rear udder traits. These estimates of heritabilities and (co)variance components are necessary for multitrait genetic evaluation of linear type traits of US Jerseys

Truck ramp construction from clean coal technology waste products

The construction and performance of a truck ramp made from clean coal technology waste products are described. The specific waste product used in this project was generated at the power plant located on the campus of The Ohio State University in Columbus. The ramp is used by University vehicles depositing hard trash at a central disposal facility on the OSU campus. Laboratory tests which had been conducted on samples made from the power plant waste product clearly showed that, when the material is property compacted, strengths could be obtained that were much higher than those of the natural soils the clean coal waste would replace. In addition, the permeability and swelling characteristics of the waste product should make it an attractive alternative to importing select borrow materials. Based on the results of the laboratory tests, a decision was made to use the power plant waste in the truck ramp rather than the soil that was called for in the original design. Prior to the start of construction, the area on which the ramp was to be located was covered with an impermeable geomembrane. Drain lines were installed on top of the geomembrane so that water that might leach through the ramp could be collected. The waste product from the power plant was placed on the geomembrane in 20 to 30 centimeter lifts by University maintenance personnel without special equipment. A drain line was installed across the toe of the ramp to intercept surface runoff, and a wearing surface of 7 to 15 centimeters of crushed limestone was placed over the compacted ash. The finished ramp structure recycled approximately 180 metric tons of the power plant byproduct. After over a year in service there is no indication of erosion or rutting in the ramp surface. Tests performed on the leachate and runoff water have shown the high pH characteristic of these materials, but concentrations of metals fall below the established limits

The covering factor of high redshift damped Lyman-α\alpha systems

We have used the Very Long Baseline Array to image 18 quasars with foreground damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems (DLAs) at 327, 610 or 1420 MHz, to measure the covering factor $f$ of each DLA at or near its redshifted HI 21cm line frequency. Including six systems from the literature, we find that none of 24 DLAs at $0.09 < z < 3.45$ has an exceptionally low covering factor, with $f \sim 0.45 - 1$ for the 14 DLAs at $z > 1.5$, $f \sim 0.41 - 1$ for the 10 systems at $z < 1$, and consistent covering factor distributions in the two sub-samples. The observed paucity of detections of HI 21cm absorption in high-$z$ DLAs thus cannot be explained by low covering factors and is instead likely to arise due to a larger fraction of warm HI in these absorbers.Comment: 6 pages, 20 figures; MNRAS (Letters), in pres

Development of YAG:Dy Thermographic Phosphor Coatings for Turbine Engine Applications

The selection and development of thermographic phosphor coatings were pursued to meet the objective of demonstrating luminescence-decay-based temperature measurements up to 1300C on the surface of a vane in an operating demonstrator turbine engine. To meet this objective, YAG:Dy was selected based on the desirable luminescence performance observed for YAG:Dy powder: (1) excellent temperature sensitivity and intensity at operating turbine engine temperatures, (2) an emission peak at the relatively short wavelength of 456 nm, where the interference from background blackbody radiation is fairly low, and (3) its nearly single exponential decay which makes for a simple, reliable temperature calibration. However, implementation of YAG:Dy for surface temperature measurements required application of YAG:Dy as a coating onto the surface of a superalloy component with a preexisting yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC). An inherent dilemma in producing a YAG:Dy coating is that coating processing is constrained to be performed at temperatures below (less than 1200C) what is considered safe for the superalloy component, much lower than temperatures used to produce the high quality crystalline powder. Therefore, YAG:Dy coatings tend to exhibit lower luminescence performance compared to well prepared YAG:Dy powder, and the luminescence performance of the coating will depend on the method of coating deposition. In this presentation, the luminescence performance of YAG:Dy coatings prepared by the different methods of (1) application of a binder-based YAG:Dy-containing paint, (2) solution precursor plasma spray (SPPS), and (3) electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) and the effect of post-deposition heat treatments will be discussed