Susceptibility of chosen willow salix spp. varieties to pests

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było wytypowanie odmian wierzby najbardziej i najmniej atrakcyjnych pokarmowo dla szkodników. Badania prowadzono na trzech odmianach Turbo, Start i Kortowska. Wykazano różną atrakcyjność pokarmową badanych odmian wierzby. Najsilniej atakowaną odmianą był Start. Najmniejsze uszkodzenia blaszek liściowych zanotowano w odmianie Turbo.The aim of the study was to select willow varieties the most and the least attractive as a food source to pests. Three willow varieties were chosen: Turbo, Start and Kortowska. They characterized with diverse attractiveness. Start was attacked the most often and the plants belonging to Turbo variety had their leaf blades the least damaged

Two tank-mix adjuvants effect on yield and quality attributes of wheat treated with growth retardants. Two tank-mix adjuvants effect on yield and quality attributes of wheat treated with growth retardants Aplicação combinada de retardadores de crescimento

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of seeds and yield of winter wheat under different retardants application. The two years field trials on winter wheat were carried out in the Institute of Plant Protection -National Research Institute in Poznan (Polan

Influence of white clover and alfalfa intercropping on weed infestation of willow (Salix sp.)

Doświadczenia polowe prowadzono w uprawie wierzby wiciowej w latach 2013 i 2014. Celem badań było określenie wpływu zachwaszczenia na plonowanie dwóch odmian wierzby wiciowej Turbo i Start oraz przydatności wspórzędowej uprawy lucerny siewnej i koniczyny białej w regulacji zachwaszczenia upraw wierzby wiciowej. Straty plonu świeżej masy wierzby wiciowej spowodowane zachwaszczeniem uzależnione są od roku uprawy oraz od odmiany wierzby wiciowej. W obydwu latach badań uprawa współrzędowa roślin bobowatych ograniczyła liczbę oraz świeżą masę chwastów jednorocznych, w porównaniu do kontroli. Spośród analizowanych wariantów najwyższą redukcję zachwaszczenia stwierdzono w obiekcie badań, w którym wysiano koniczynę białą.The field experiment on willow cultivars was conducted in 2013 and 2014. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of weed infestation on yield of two willow varieties (Turbo and Start) and intercropping white clover and alfalfa on weed infestation. The loss of willow fresh weight caused by weeds varied from year to year and depended on variety of willow. Intercropping of bean plants significantly limited number and fresh weight of annual weeds in both years in comparison to control. Among the analyzed variants white clover addition caused the highest reduction of weeds

Influence of some cereal as previous crop on weed infestation on sugar beet crops

Doświadczenia polowe prowadzono w uprawie buraka cukrowego w latach 2013– 2015. Przedmiotem badań była ocena wpływu różnych przedplonów na stan zachwaszczenia buraka cukrowego w kolejnych sezonach wegetacyjnych. W okresie wiosennym 2013 i 2014 roku wysiano następujące gatunki roślin: pszenicę jarą oraz owies w ilości i terminie zalecanym do ich uprawy. Na poletkach doświadczalnych nie stosowano chemicznej ochrony roślin przed chwastami. Występujące chwasty niszczono mechanicznie poprzez bronowanie. W kolejnym sezonie wegetacyjnym na wyodrębnionej części pola zasiano buraki cukrowe odmian Danuśka i Telimena. Ocenę zachwaszczenia przeprowadzono za pomocą metody ramkowej, określono liczebność oraz świeżą masę poszczególnych gatunków chwastów. Na podstawie analizy uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że uprawa zbóż jarych w przedplonach buraka cukrowego przyczyniła się do nieistotnego obniżenia liczebności oraz świeżej masy chwastów. Redukcja zachwaszczenia wpłynęła na ograniczenie niekorzystnego wpływu chwastów na wzrost i rozwój buraka cukrowego. Występujące zachwaszczenie w większym stopniu wpływa na wzrost i rozwój buraka cukrowego odmiany odznaczającej się mniejszym pokrojem liści (Danuśka), niż odmiany standardowej (Telimena).The field experiments with sugar beet were conducted in 2013–2015.The subject of study were evaluation of the impact of different crops on weeds in sugar beet crop in next growing seasons. The following agricultural crops: spring wheat and oats were sown in an amount and recommended period for their cultivationin spring in 2013 and 2014 year.On experimental plots were not used any chemical protection against weeds. Growing weeds in the field were controlled by a mechanical method - harrowing. In the next season on a singled part of the field the sugar beet varieties Danuśka and Telimena were sown. The assessment of weed infestation was performed by framing method estimation of number and fresh weight of weeds. There was no significant effect of cropping spring wheat and oats to reduce the number and fresh weight of weeds. Reduction of weeds infestation influenced favorably on growth and development of sugar beets crops.Weeds had the larger impact on the growth and development of varieties characterized by less leafage (Danuśka) than the standard cultivar (Telimena)

Studies on trinexapac-ethyl dose reduction by combined application with adjuvants in spring barley

Trinexapac-ethyl is a popular plant growth regulator used in various crops, mostly due to its unique anti-lodging properties. Recently it has been found that this substance is also active in stress protection, which may increase its importance in the coming years. This paper presents a new approach to its application. Trinexapac-ethyl belongs to the cyclohexanedione class of herbicide chemistry, thus it is structurally similar to common graminicides frequently used with adjuvants. Th is study examines the effects of the application of trinexapac-ethyl with adjuvants. Field trials were conducted in the Institute of Plant Protection in Poznań (Poland), in 2014 and 2015. Trinexapac-ethyl was applied at recommended (0.4 l · ha–1) and reduced doses (0.2 l · ha–1) with organosilicone surfactant, ammonium sulphate and citric acid on spring barley. Stem shortening, yield components and grain quality were examined. The results of the study confirmed the possibility of dose reduction of trinexapac-ethyl by way of combined application with citric acid that reduced the pH of spray liquid or with ammonium sulphate without aff ecting its effectiveness. The greatest stem height reduction was observed after the application of a full dose of trinaxapac ethyl and its reduced dose in the mixture with citric acid or ammonium sulphate. Depending on the year of study, the eff ectiveness of the substances on stem reduction ranged from 5.6 to 16.5%. The tested mixtures did not have any significant impact on the number of grains per ear or the yield of spring barley. Trinexapac-ethyl and its mixtures with adjuvants did not influence the crude protein and starch in spring barley grains

Original Article. Studies on trinexapac-ethyl dose reduction by combined application with adjuvants in spring barley

Trinexapac-ethyl is a popular plant growth regulator used in various crops, mostly due to its unique anti-lodging properties. Recently it has been found that this substance is also active in stress protection, which may increase its importance in the coming years. This paper presents a new approach to its application. Trinexapac-ethyl belongs to the cyclohexanedione class of herbicide chemistry, thus it is structurally similar to common graminicides frequently used with adjuvants. Th is study examines the effects of the application of trinexapac-ethyl with adjuvants. Field trials were conducted in the Institute of Plant Protection in Poznań (Poland), in 2014 and 2015. Trinexapac-ethyl was applied at recommended (0.4 l · ha–1) and reduced doses (0.2 l · ha–1) with organosilicone surfactant, ammonium sulphate and citric acid on spring barley. Stem shortening, yield components and grain quality were examined. The results of the study confirmed the possibility of dose reduction of trinexapac-ethyl by way of combined application with citric acid that reduced the pH of spray liquid or with ammonium sulphate without aff ecting its effectiveness. The greatest stem height reduction was observed after the application of a full dose of trinaxapac ethyl and its reduced dose in the mixture with citric acid or ammonium sulphate. Depending on the year of study, the eff ectiveness of the substances on stem reduction ranged from 5.6 to 16.5%. The tested mixtures did not have any significant impact on the number of grains per ear or the yield of spring barley. Trinexapac-ethyl and its mixtures with adjuvants did not influence the crude protein and starch in spring barley grains

Influence of mixture herbicides and Tytanit biostimulant on weed control and yield of spring wheat

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu mieszanin biostymulatora Tytanit z herbicydami (Chwastox Turbo 340 SL, Lintur 70 WG oraz Mustang 306 SE) na efektywność zwalczania chwastów, plonowanie oraz parametry jakościowe ziarna pszenicy jarej. Badane mieszaniny nie miały wpływu na efektywność zwalczania Chenopodium album, Galium aparine, Veronica agrestis oraz Matricaria indora. Jednakże dodatek biostymulatora do cieczy opryskowej zawierającej herbicyd Mustang 306 SE wpłynął na obniżenie efektywności zwalczania Viola arvensis. Sposób zastosowania biostymulatora z herbicydami Lintur 70 WG oraz Mustang 306 nie miał istotnego wpływu na plonowanie pszenicy jarej, natomiast istotny przyrost masy ziarna odnotowano w 2014 roku, po aplikacji mieszaniny Chwastox Turbo 340 SL z omawianym biostymulatorem. W przeprowadzonych badaniach zaobserwowano tendencję do obniżenia jakości ziarna (mieszanina z herbicydem Lintur 70 WG lub Mustang 306 SE) oraz zróżnicowanego działania w obydwu latach badań (Chwastox Turbo 340 SL).The aim of the studies was to determine the influence of mixture Tytanit biostimulant and herbicides (Chwastox Turbo 340 SL, Lintur 70 WG, Mustang 306 SE) on the effectiveness of weed control, yield and quality of spring wheat grain. The tested mixtures had no influence on weed control Chenopodium album, Galium aparine, Veronica arestis and Matricaria indora. However, the addition of biostimulant to a spray liquid containing Mustang 306 SE decreased effectivness in case Viola arvensis. The application of biostimulant with the herbicides Lintur 70 WG and Mustang 306 did not have a significant influence on yield of spring wheat. In 2014 after application mixture of Chwastox Turbo 340 SL and biostimulant significant increase the weight of grain was noted. In these studies, tendency to reduce the quality of the grain (mixture biostimulant with Lintur 70 WG or Mustang 306 SE) and varied impact in both years of investigation (Chwastox Turbo 340 SL) were observed

Effect of Strip-Till and Variety on Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet against Conventional Tillage

A two-factor field experiment using sugar beet was conducted in 2016–2018 at Sokołowo in Poland (ϕ 53°5′16.05″ N, λ 19°6′21.07″ E), in a strip-plot arrangement with four replicates. Strip-till (ST) was compared to conventional tillage (CT) using four commercial sugar beet varieties (Alegra, Armesa, Contenta, Julius). In each study year, the experiment was established on lessivé soils developed from heavy loamy sand. The soil was rich in available macronutrients, while its reaction was neutral. The plant density, sugar yield, roots quality, and technological sugar yield were determined. A significant increase was found in root yield (6.6%) and, accordingly, in technological sugar yield (8.2%) in ST treatment relative to CT. Consistently, an increasing trend was observed for the root sugar content (0.21%). For the varieties examined, no preferences were observed in respect of tillage systems applied. The direction of changes in root yield, sugar content, and technological sugar yield remained constant regardless of the variety, tillage system, or the study year. The contents of potassium, sodium, and α-amino-nitrogen responded equally to both the variety and study year; however, the direction of changes in the above parameters was ambiguous and varied among the study years

Herbicides with natural and synthetic biostimulants in spring wheat

ABSTRACT: Although the knowledge on agricultural using of biostimulants increases, there is still little information on their interactions with other chemicals i.e. herbicides. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of popular herbicides (MCPA + dicamba, dicamba + triasulfuron, florasulam+2,4-D) used with and without biostimulants based on seaweed extract (Kelpak) and nitrophenols (Asahi) on weed control efficiency, yield and quality of the crop. Field trial was carried out in the years 2014 and 2015 in the Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute in Poznan (Poland). The experiment was established on spring wheat cv.‘Torridon’, in 4 replications, using randomized block design. In the experiment two variants of application were tested. In the first variant preparations (herbicide and biostimulant) were applied as tank mixtures at the crop growth stage BBCH 30 and in the second variant in some combinations herbicide application was followed by biostimulant used alone. Weather conditions had a profound impact on tested preparations activity. Addition of biostimulants to herbicide had not affected weed control efficacy but application of herbicide and biostimulant mixture revealed its influence on yield parameters of wheat. Biostimulants influenced yield quality parameters e.g. by enhancing gluten amount in grains