75 research outputs found
Using planar laser-induced fluorescence to study the phase transformations of two-component liquid and suspension droplets
Using the planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), we performed experiments to determine evaporation dynamics of homogeneous and heterogeneous droplets of liquids, conditions of their boiling, and explosive breakup. For the 1β2 mm water droplets, the distribution of highly non-homogeneous and non-steady temperature field was detected by highspeed cross-correlation video recording and the Tema Automotive software.We identified highly nonlinear dependences of evaporation rate on heating temperature and time as well as water droplet size. For the two-component liquids and water-based suspensions of graphite, we revealed unsteady temperature fields and established mechanisms and regimes of the explosive breakup of the heterogeneous droplets when heated. The regimes differ in the number and dimensions of the emerging gasβliquid fragments as well as the durations of the main stages. The three regimes of warming-up and evaporation of the heterogeneous droplets have been obtained. The explosive breakup of droplets enables provision for the secondary atomization of the liquid with the emergence of an aerosol cloud. The surface area of the liquid increases several-fold. The temperature variations at the water/solid or water/flammable component interfaces were determined corresponding to each boiling and breakup regime. Using the PLIF, we studied reasons and mechanism of the explosive breakup of water droplets with single large carbonaceous inclusions when heated
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°
Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ»Π°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ.In the work, the author reviews the forecasting methods, gives the forecasting features associated with forecasting in the network of food retail. Based on the data provided by the company, he develops a mathematical model of goods with high price elasticity of demand and implements the companyβs inventory management process
ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ "Π₯" (Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ)
Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΠΠΠ Π Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ "Π₯" (Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ). Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ 65 ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½-ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ Π. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ Π Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.The paper presents an analysis of the experience of using horizontal wells with multistage fracturing at the "X" field (Tomsk region). In the course of the work, methods were proposed, on the basis of which 65 candidate wells were selected, on which it is possible to effectively carry out hydraulic fracturing. In addition, based on the analysis of hydraulic fracturing in analogous fields, measures were proposed to improve the efficiency of the operation
ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Β«ΠΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΒ»
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Β«ΠΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΒ».
Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π», ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π», Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ,Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ.Perfection of technological process of manufacturing parts "Housing".
Technological section, design section, Feasibility Study, Social Responsibility
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Loss of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1 and 2 Function in Liver Epithelial Cells Triggers Biliary Hyperproliferation Resembling Cholangiocarcinoma
Comment on "Periodic Phase Synchronization in Coupled Chaotic Oscillators"
2 pages.-- PACS numbers: 05.45.Xt, 05.45.Pq.-- Final full-text version of the paper available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.73.038201.Kye et al. [Phys. Rev. E 68, 025201(R) (2003)] have recently claimed that, before the onset of Chaotic Phase Synchronization in coupled phase coherent oscillators, there exists a temporally coherent state called Periodic Phase Synchronization (PPS). Here we give evidence that some of their numerical calculations are flawed, while we provide theoretical arguments that indicate that PPS is not to be expected generically in this type of systems.This work was supported by MEC (Spain) and FEDER
under Grant Nos. BFM2001-0341-C02-02, FIS2004-00953 (CONOCE2), and FIS2004-05073-C04-03.http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.73.03820
Loss of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1 and 2 Function in Liver Epithelial Cells Triggers Biliary Hyperproliferation Resembling Cholangiocarcinoma
Targeted inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) has shown therapeutic potential in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)-related tumorigenesis. However, the cell-type-specific role and mechanisms triggered by JNK in liver parenchymal cells during CCA remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the relevance of JNK1 and JNK2 function in hepatocytes in two different models of experimental carcinogenesis, the dethylnitrosamine (DEN) model and in nuclear factor kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)(hepatocyte-specific knockout (Deltahepa)) mice, focusing on liver damage, cell death, compensatory proliferation, fibrogenesis, and tumor development. Moreover, regulation of essential genes was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblottings, and immunostainings. Additionally, specific Jnk2 inhibition in hepatocytes of NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK1(Deltahepa) mice was performed using small interfering (si) RNA (siJnk2) nanodelivery. Finally, active signaling pathways were blocked using specific inhibitors. Compound deletion of Jnk1 and Jnk2 in hepatocytes diminished hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in both the DEN model and in NEMO(Deltahepa) mice but in contrast caused massive proliferation of the biliary ducts. Indeed, Jnk1/2 deficiency in hepatocytes of NEMO(Deltahepa) (NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK(Deltahepa)) animals caused elevated fibrosis, increased apoptosis, increased compensatory proliferation, and elevated inflammatory cytokines expression but reduced HCC. Furthermore, siJnk2 treatment in NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK1(Deltahepa) mice recapitulated the phenotype of NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK(Deltahepa) mice. Next, we sought to investigate the impact of molecular pathways in response to compound JNK deficiency in NEMO(Deltahepa) mice. We found that NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK(Deltahepa) livers exhibited overexpression of the interleukin-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway in addition to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (Raf)-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade. The functional relevance was tested by administering lapatinib, which is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of erythroblastic oncogene B-2 (ErbB2) and EGFR signaling, to NEMO(Deltahepa)/JNK(Deltahepa) mice. Lapatinib effectively inhibited cystogenesis, improved transaminases, and effectively blocked EGFR-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling.
Conclusion: We define a novel function of JNK1/2 in cholangiocyte hyperproliferation. This opens new therapeutic avenues devised to inhibit pathways of cholangiocarcinogenesis
- β¦