Letter August 13, 1947

Official letter from Major General Edward F. Witsell to Jacob DeShazer, informing him of the Breast Order of Yun Hui awarded to Jacob by the Chinese Government for his participation in the Doolittle Raid

Equine Assisted Therapy

Equine Assisted Therapy (EAP) is a unique, intensive, short-term approach to helping individuals with various mental health concerns. This article will explain what EAP is, what is needed in order to conduct an EAP therapy session, provide a case study to demonstrate how EAP has been and can be utilized in practice, and finally, list the strengths of EAP. The information contained in this article is based on information provided by a therapist experienced in utilizing Equine Assisted Therapy

Vascular Flora of the South Fork Native Plant Reserve, Van Buren County, Arkansas

The South Fork Native Plant Preserve, a property owned and managed by the Gates Rogers Foundation, Inc., is located along the South Fork of the Little Red River (now Greers Ferry Lake) in Van Buren County, Arkansas. We conducted a floristic inventor/ of a 61.3 ha study area consisting of the preserve, adjacent lakefront property owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and a riparian corridor on neighboring land from February through November 2005. A total of 582 vascular plant taxa, representing 118 families and 336 genera, was documented including six species (Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex L.H.Dewey, Carex swanii (Fernald) Mack., Claytonia caroliniana Michx.,Nemastylis nuttallii Pichering ex R. C. Foster, Phemeranthus rugospermus (Holz.) Kiger, and Viola canadensis L.var. canadensis) tracked by the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission as species of conservation concern in Arkansas. Fifty-five taxa (9.5% of the total) are considered introduced to the state. The largest plant families represented were Asteraceae (69 taxa), Poaceae (62 taxa), Cyperaceae (5 1 taxa), and Fabaceae (39 taxa). Fourteen distinct communities (habitat types) were delineated in the study area. Among these, sandstone glades, a bedrock-bottom stream, bluffs, and an upland depression wetland were found to contribute significantly to the species richness of the study area. The depression wetland contained three species (Vaccinium fuscatum Ait.,Acer rubrum L.var. drummondii (Hook. &Arn. ex Nutt.) Sarg., and Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex L.H.Dewey) more typical of the lowlands of the Gulf Coastal Plain and the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

Perceived Impact of Technology Adoption: Red Light Camera

This position paper evaluates the growing use of red light cameras (RLCs) across the United States and the growing concerns associated with this technology. RLCs are quite simply the installation of cameras at traffic intersections that are designed to photograph and catch drivers that run red lights. In a perfect world, the use of RLCs would appear to be innocent enough and encourage safety on our roads. However, the growing use of RLCs has created many problems. There are three main issues (legality, safety, and money) that have arisen from the introduction of RLCs. This study found that despite all of the concerns about the legality of RLCs, they have withstood most of the challenges against them

Linguistics and Poetry: Phonological Performance Analysis as Key to Interpretation in Donne\u27s Lyrics.

This study blends linguistic science and literary criticism by using phonological theory and methodology to uncover interpretive clues in the form of structurally-based guidance to the manner of performance of certain lines of selected poems. Its underlying assumption is that with regard to interpretation, the oral dimension of metrical lyric poetry is at least as important as the written dimension, since such commonly accepted features as meter, rhyme, and alliteration depend on oral performance of the poetry involved, at least in the form of the reader\u27s sounding it imaginarily to the mind\u27s ear. It follows that intonationally precise renditions of interpretations under consideration need to be taken into account as part of the evidence used to determine their acceptability or unacceptability as interpretations. An interpretation that is more completely supported by a poem\u27s phonological structure, by that structure\u27s facilitating more precise performance of meaning (in the spirit of Pope\u27s dictum the sound must seem an echo to the sense), is by this measure a more accurate interpretation than one whose performance is less completely supported. In addition to structural sound elements (such as meter or rhyme) offering automatic but usually subtle expression of the speaker\u27s meaning or mood, many poetic lines contain phonetic, metrical, or syntactical arrangements conducive to particular instances of optional performance variations, and therefore supporting the interpretations expressed by those variations. The conversational style and directly expressed emotion of Donne\u27s love lyrics cause these poems, especially, to reward such interpretive performance analysis. The ongoing interpretive debates regarding the speaker\u27s tone surrounding many of the lyrics can thus be adjudicated by considering the phonological elements enabling or hindering precise renditions of given interpretations. Examined in detail are A nocturnall upon S. Lucies day, Elegy XIX: To his Mistress Going to Bed, The Canonization, Twicknam Garden, The Sunne Rising, and The Extasie. A different use of performance analysis, that of considering phonological differences among-various versions of a poem whose text is under dispute, is employed in a study of three distinct texts of A Hymne to God the Father

Arkansas Field Botany (Flora and Vegetation) Bibliography (1988-2000)

The floristic richness and diversity of vegetation in Arkansas continues to require and stimulate a growing body of taxonomic and ecological research publications. Peck and Peck (1988) listed 766 references, including those of the two prior lists. Since then we have gathered 417 additional references. The total list now contains 1,183 references, with 70% prepared or published since 1970. This update is provided for four reasons: 1) to compile a comprehensive source to direct and facilitate future studies, 2) to provide easier access to many reports not normally located in electronic databases, 3) to improve communications with botanists outside Arkansas, and 4) to support the ongoing and active efforts of those involved in the production of a manual to the Arkansas Vascular Flora and a book-length treatment of the vegetation of Arkansas. Future plans include placing the entire list on the Internet and developing of a means of updating the list every year

Drosophila DNA polymerase theta utilizes both helicase-like and polymerase domains during microhomology-mediated end joining and interstrand crosslink repair

Double strand breaks (DSBs) and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are toxic DNA lesions that can be repaired through multiple pathways, some of which involve shared proteins. One of these proteins, DNA Polymerase θ (Pol θ), coordinates a mutagenic DSB repair pathway named microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) and is also a critical component for bypass or repair of ICLs in several organisms. Pol θ contains both polymerase and helicase-like domains that are tethered by an unstructured central region. While the role of the polymerase domain in promoting MMEJ has been studied extensively both in vitro and in vivo, a function for the helicase-like domain, which possesses DNA-dependent ATPase activity, remains unclear. Here, we utilize genetic and biochemical analyses to examine the roles of the helicase-like and polymerase domains of Drosophila Pol θ. We demonstrate an absolute requirement for both polymerase and ATPase activities during ICL repair in vivo. However, similar to mammalian systems, polymerase activity, but not ATPase activity, is required for ionizing radiation-induced DSB repair. Using a site-specific break repair assay, we show that overall end-joining efficiency is not affected in ATPase-dead mutants, but there is a significant decrease in templated insertion events. In vitro, Pol θ can efficiently bypass a model unhooked nitrogen mustard crosslink and promote DNA synthesis following microhomology annealing, although ATPase activity is not required for these functions. Together, our data illustrate the functional importance of the helicase-like domain of Pol θ and suggest that its tethering to the polymerase domain is important for its multiple functions in DNA repair and damage tolerance