Presentation of Evidence in a Whiplash or Cervical Sprain Case

By 1963 claims paid by insurance companies for whiplash injuries amounted to more than thirty per cent of the total claims paid. It was natural that the insurance companies began a campaign to discredit whiplash claims. The industry has been most successful in convincing many judges and jurors that these injuries often are faked by those claiming them. Since the publication of several articles concerning these neck injuries, the insurance industry has adopted a very cynical approach to all whiplash injuries. No other injury in the history of American jurisprudence has been the subject of such unfavorable publicity

Damages from Slip and Fall Injuries

The doctrine of assumption of risk as applied to icy sidewalks and store entrances contain the following elements: (1) Knowledge and appreciation of the danger, (2) The existence of a reasonable alternative route; (3) A voluntary election to encounter danger

Damages from Slip and Fall Injuries

The doctrine of assumption of risk as applied to icy sidewalks and store entrances contain the following elements: (1) Knowledge and appreciation of the danger, (2) The existence of a reasonable alternative route; (3) A voluntary election to encounter danger

Leading Distributed Teams: The Communicative Constitution of Leadership

A key aspect of leadership effectiveness across geographical distance is communication. However, researchers are only beginning to empirically explore the communicative aspects and constitution of military units and leadership in these contexts. This article highlights communicative features and processes in studies of distributed military units, particularly in those that examine leadership. We discuss aspects of military leadership that are in particular need of a communicative lens, including the communication of command intent, sensemaking, and leading across multiple cultures. We present future research directions that will further advance our understanding of the inextricable relationship between leadership and communication in distributed contexts. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Intersectionality and Educational Leadership: A Critical Review

In this review of research, we explore intersectionality in the literature on K–12 educational leadership. We seek to understand how researchers have used intersectionality and what their findings or arguments reveal about the work of leading to reduce inequities in education. We ask, What traditions and trends associated with intersectionality have been brought into educational leadership research to inform the development of transformative leadership? The sample includes 15 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2005 and 2017. We identify the themes individualism and knowledge relations, which leads us to three interrelated findings concerning conceptions of leadership and intersectionality. We find that intersectionality primarily (1) is used to support micro-level analysis rather than both micro-level and macro-level analysis of the inequities being confronted by leadership practice, (2) is used to focus on individuals’ experiences as “leaders” and “leadership” capacity rather than “leading” practices, and (3) serves as an emergent knowledge project in its support of agendas related to transformative educational leadership. We discuss how the use of intersectionality, conceptions of leadership, and leadership and research practices coincide, pointing to the implications for the continued use of intersectionality in educational leadership, and provide recommendations to support the use of intersectionality in future research. In educational leadership research, various approaches to scholarship are being advanced to help expose and explain the complexity of social injustice and transform education accordingly (Capper, 1989; Horsford, 2012; Quantz, Rogers, & Dantley, 1991). Examples of such approaches include critical race theory (CRT; Capper, 2015), feminist theory (Blackmore, 2013), critical spirituality (Dantley, 2010), and multiculturalism (Santamaría & Santamaría, 2013). This critical review of literature drew from the common theme across these approaches, leading social transformation toward social justice, to focus on transformative educational leadership. The purpose of this review was to understand the use of intersectionality by researchers studying educational leadership and related inequities. The guiding questions were the following: (1) How is intersectionality used in relation to leadership and intervening in inequities in education? (2) How is leadership conceptualized when intersectionality is used? In the next paragraph, we will introduce theoretical conceptions of leadership in the field of educational leadership and describe the recent turn to a transformative leadership. Then we provide some historical background on intersectionality to expose traditions and tensions that are important for those who seek to use it at this point in the trajectory of its development