Session A2: Fish Migration Facilities on the Salt-Fresh Water Border of the Wadden Sea

Abstract: From the mid 1980\u27s onwards salt-fresh water transition area\u27s received increasing interest from water management organizations and researchers. In this development salt-fresh water nature values and migratory fishes especially, became goals or targets in water management plans. As for fishes these plans ware based on a catchment basis approach in which the salt-fresh water transition areas were both the entrance and exit of the catchment basin. The first fish migration facilities in the transition area were constructed along the coast of the Wadden Sea and gradually spread out along the Dutch coast. In this presentation an overview is given of the various fish migration facilities developed, realized and planned along the coast of the Wadden Sea; from a more or less copied natural situation (fish ladder) to a (complicated) civil engineered construction. The underlying knowledge available at the time of development and the major considerations, pros and cons of the different types will be addressed. Based on the experience and knowledge acquired over the years the outlines of future salt-fresh water migration facilities is given

The cost-effectiveness of ESBL detection: towards molecular detection methods?

AbstractCorrect detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is crucial for infection control and antibiotic choice. We performed a study to determine the cost-effectiveness of phenotypical testing, which can be inaccurate, and genotypical tests, which are considered to be more reliable but also more expensive. All patients that had been in isolation in the Amphia hospital because of the detection of ESBL according to the ESBL Etest were included in the survey. All strains were retested using the double disk confirmation test (DDCT) and a genotypical method. This was a commercially available microarray (Check-Points). Discordant results were confirmed by PCR and sequencing. In total 174 patients were included. In 24 of 174 (14%) patients, ESBL carriage could not be confirmed with the microarray. This was verified with PCR and sequencing. The mean duration of isolation was 15 days, adding up to a total number of isolation days of 2571. False-positive results according to the microarray resulted in a total of 279 days of unnecessary isolation for the Etest and 151 days for the DDCT. Using Etest to detect the presence of ESBL results in a false-positive outcome in 14% of the cases. This results in unnecessary isolation of patients, which can be omitted by using a genotypic method

UNESCO and endangered languages

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An early attempt to prepare a global strategy for endangered languages: CIPL, IIIC and the 'primitive languages in process of extinction' (1928-1929)

In the years 1926-1929, the International Committee for Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC) developed a variety of activities to support international cooperation in linguistics. It carried out projects aimed at standard setting, for example for grammatical terminology or abbreviations of periodical titles, and international cooperation in different fields of linguistic bibliography such classical studies and general, oriental, and romance linguistics.At the first international congress of linguists, which took place in The Hague, The Netherlands, in 1928, the linguistic community organized itself in a professional association named the Comité International Permanent des Linguistes (CIPL). Cooperation between CIPL and the executive agency of ICIC, the Paris-based Institut International de Coopération Intellectuelle (IICI), began forthwith.Amongst the recommendations of the The Hague Congress was a request to governements and the competent bodies of the League of Nations to organise a global survey of languages and dialects, as many of these were disapearing before they had been studied. This recommendation had been prepared by a group of linguists that had been invited by the IICI to discuss problems of linguistic biography in March 1928, one month before the Congress. The CIPL established a Commission d’Enquête Linguistique under the chairmanship of Antione Meillet, in order to prepare this survey. The Sub-Committee for Science and Bibliography of the ICIC charged the IICI to organise an expert meeting to study the question of ‘exotic languages in the process of extinction’ in more detail.UB - Publicaties zonder aanstelling Universiteit Leide