Development of burnout over time and the causal order of the three dimensions of burnout among male and female GPs. A three-wave panel study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A good understanding of the aetiology and development of burnout facilitates its early recognition, prevention and treatment. Since the prevalence and onset of this health problem is thought to differ between men and women, sex must be taken into account. This study aims to assess the prevalence and development of burnout among General Practitioners (GPs). In this population the prevalence of burnout is high.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a three-wave longitudinal study (2002, 2004, 2006) in a random sample of Dutch GPs. Data were collected by means of self-report questionnaires including the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Our final sample consisted of 212 GPs of which 128 were male. Data were analyzed by means of SPSS and LISREL.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Results indicate that about 20% of the GPs is clinically burned out (but still working). For both sexes, burnout decreased after the first wave, but increased again after the second wave. The prevalence of depersonalization is higher among men. With regard to the process of burnout we found that for men burnout is triggered by depersonalization and by emotional exhaustion for women.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>As regards the developmental process of burnout, we found evidence for the fact that the aetiological process of burnout, that is the causal order of the three burnout dimensions, differs between men and women. These sex differences should be taken into account in vocational training and policy development, especially since general practice is feminizing rapidly.</p

Doença de krabbe (leucodistrofia a células globóides) a propósito de cinco observações

Foi realizado estudo clínico de 5 observações da doença de Krabbe (leucodistro-fia a células globóides). O diagnóstico de certeza, seja pelo estudo neuropatológico pós mortem (2 casos), seja pela dosagem enzimática em fibroblastos em cultura (2 casos), foi alcançado em 4 observações. A biópsia de nervo periférico foi realizada nos 5 casos e o estudo ultrastrutural revelou, em todos, aliterações características da doença de Krabbe. Os autores chamam a atenção para os principais dados clínicos e laboratoriais que sugerem o diagnóstico da doença, mesmo na impossibilidade da realização de exame ultrastrutural de nervo periférico e das dosagens enzimáticas, estas não realizadas em nosso país