Example of the Go/Nogo Gamble block.

<p>Participants had to respond to gambling related pictures and try to withhold a response to neutral pictures.</p

Group interaction inhibition during gamble pictures.

<p>HCs showed more activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, and right anterior cingulate than PRGs. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Group interaction negative pictures – neutral pictures.

<p>PRGs showed more activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right dorsal cingulate cortex than HCs. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected to show the extent of the activation. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Group interaction during positive pictures.

<p>HCs showed more activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and left ventral striatum than PRGs. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Group interaction gamble pictures – neutral pictures.

<p>PRGs showed more activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right ventral striatum, and right anterior cingulate, than HCs. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected to show the extent of activation. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Group interaction neutral inhibition.

<p>PRGs showed more activation in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex cortex, and right anterior cingulate than HCs. Results are depicted at a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected. Colour bar represents the corresponding T values.</p

A: Reaction time during the different Go/NoGo blocks.

<p>HCs = Healthy controls, PRGs = problematic gamblers, msec = milliseconds; ** = significant group difference at p<0.05; * = trend for group differences <i>p</i><0.10; Error bars represent the standard errors of the mean. B: Percentage of impulsive errors during Go/NoGo blocks. HCs = Healthy controls, PRGs = Problematic gamblers, ** = significant group difference at p<0.05; * = trend for group differences <i>p</i><0.10; Error bars represent the standard deviations of the mean.</p

Group interaction positive pictures – neutral pictures.

<p>PRGs showed more activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus than HCs. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected to show the extent of activation. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Group interaction inhibition during negative pictures.

<p>HCs showed more activation than PRGs in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and left anterior cingulate. Results are depicted with a threshold of p<0.001 uncorrected. Colour bar represents corresponding T values.</p

Demographic and clinical information of participants.

<p>HCs = Healthy controls, PRGs = Problematic gamblers, WAIS composite score = composite score of the subscales Digit span and Number-Letter sequencing from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised; SOGS = South Oaks Gambling Screen, SE = standard error;</p>*<p> = significant group difference at p<0.05.</p