Reumatismo de partes moles: abordagem terapêutica

Foram abordados métodos convencionais no tratamento do reumatismo de partes moles, no qual o sintoma dor pode apresentar diferenças individualizadas em suas características (intensidade, duração, localização etc.), dependendo inclusive do quadro clínico de base. O sucesso terapêutico, pode ser obtido pela escolha de témicas preferencialmente simples, seguras e bem recebidas pelo paciente.The authors review the conventional methods for the management of the soft tissue rheumatism. The success in relieving the patient's chie f complaint, i.e. pain, depends on the choice of the appropriate measures that can be used without incovenience to the patients

Humoral immunity in Hansen's Disease

For many years immune response in leprosy has been studied. Since 1960 several reports dealing with humoral immunity have been described in the literature. Different autoantibody rates occur in leprosy. There is an increase in the prevalence of autoantibodies in elderly patients with long standing disease, in lepromatous leprosy and in those with reactional states. The diferences in rates among various studies are attributed to different methods and variations among patient samples concerning age, gender, polar forms, therapy and other elements. The prevalence of numerous antibodies, immune complexes, cryoglobulins and complement levels have been studied by many authors. This also highlights the importance of the more recent reviews of anti-Mycobacterium leprae glycolipid antibodies such as the anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies in which titers are variable and depend on genetic factors

Possible mechanisms of chronic leprosy-related arthritis

Microbial agents induce arthritis through mechanisms such as direct infiltration of tissue and by inducing autoimmune phenomena. The mechanisms involved in this last type of arthritis have been investigated. In experimental models of adjuvant and reactive arthritis, the involvement of T cells and in some cases mycobacteria in the development of arthritis have been confirmed. Cross-reactivity between the 65 kD mycobacterial protein and cartilage proteoglycans has been postulated as a possible mechanism. In this study, chronic peripheral arthritis was observed in patients with Hansen's disease, in patients with resolved Hansen's and in those with paucibacillary forms. This arthritis was not related to reactional states (erythema nodosum Ieprosum and reversal reaction), in contrast to several reports in the literature. The mechanisms by which microbes could induce chronic arthritis are discussed herein

Action of the 4-Nitro-2-phenoximethanesulphonanilide (Nimesulide) on neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production

4-nitro-2-phenoximethanesulphonanilide (nimesulide) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent that has been employed in the treatment of inflammatory diseases because of its specific actions on the inflammatory response mechanisms caused by injury. The objectives of this paper were to determine the action of this agent on two notable neutrophil functions, chemotaxis and production of the superoxide anion. These two functions were studied after the neutrophils were pre-incubated with three different concentrations of 4-nitro-2-phenoximethanesulphonanilide (0.1; 0.3 and 0.5 mN). The results obtained herein demonstrated that 4-nitro-2-phenoximethanesulphonanilide-exposed peripheral blood neutrophils from healthy subjects produced significantly less superoxide when challenged by phorbol-mirystate acetate (PMA at 50 ng/ml) or formy-methionil-leucyl-phenilalanine (FMLP 10 -7 M) and opsonizided zymozan (1 mg/ml). Additionally, the agent was equally effective in reducing the PMN chemotoaxis when challenged by C5a factor (2% zimozan activated solution), FMLP 10 -9 M and leukotrien (3. 10 -7 M). The results obtained suggest that in addition to its interference in the metabolism of the aracdonic acid, the 4-nitro-2 phenoximethanesulphonanilide may interfere in a more direct fashion with the neutrophil function. This specific action may contribute to its anti-inflammatory activity