1,171 research outputs found
Tendências do ensino de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação no Reino Unido
Relata a experiência do Reino Unido em relação à profissão do bibliotecário. Compara o bibliotecário e o cientista da informação, mostrando os pontos de convergência e divergência. Descreve tendências da profissão e do ensino da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
Chiral multiplets versus parity doublets in highly excited baryons
It has recently been suggested that the parity doublet structure seen in the
spectrum of highly excited baryons may be due to effective chiral restoration
for these states. We argue how the idea of chiral symmetry restoration high in
the spectrum is consistent with the concept of quark-hadron duality. If chiral
symmetry is effectively restored for highly-lying states, then the baryons
should fall into representations of that are compatible
with the given parity of the states - the parity-chiral multiplets. We classify
all possible parity-chiral multiplets: (i) that contain
parity doublet for nucleon spectrum;(ii) consists of
the parity doublet for delta spectrum; (iii) contains
one parity doublet in the nucleon spectrum and one parity doublet in the delta
spectrum of the same spin that are degenerate in mass. Here we show that the
available spectroscopic data for nonstrange baryons in the 2 GeV range
is consistent with all possibilities, but the approximate degeneracy of parity
doublets in nucleon and delta spectra support the latter possibility with
excited baryons approximately falling into
representation of SU(2)_L\timesSU(2)_R with approximate degeneracy between
positive and negative parity and resonances of the same spin.Comment: RevTeX, 6 pages. The paper has been expanded in order to make the
idea of chiral symmetry restoration as it follows from the concept of
quark-hadron duality more transparent. To appear in Phys. Rev.
How Do Fermions Behave on a Random Lattice?
Comparing random lattice, naive and Wilson fermions in two dimensional
abelian background gauge field, we show that the doublers suppressed in the
free field case are revived for random lattices in the continuum limit unless
gauge interactions are implemented in a non--invariant way.Comment: updated contribution to LAT92 conference; UM-P-92/90 and OZ-92/33; 4
pages; shar archive LaTex document with figures included, requires
espcrc2.sty fil
For richer, for poorer: marriage and casualized sex in East African artisanal mining settlements
Migrants to Tanzania's artisanal gold mining sites seek mineral wealth, which is accompanied by high risks of occupational hazards, economic failure, AIDS and social censure from their home communities. Male miners in these settlements compete to attract newly arrived young women who are perceived to be diverting male material support from older women and children's economic survival. This article explores the dynamics of monogamy, polygamy and promiscuity in the context of rapid occupational change. It shows how a wide spectrum of productive and welfare outcomes is generated through sexual experimentation, which calls into question conventional concepts of prostitution, marriage and gender power relations
A renormalisation group approach to two-body scattering in the presence of long-range forces
We apply renormalisation-group methods to two-body scattering by a
combination of known long-range and unknown short-range potentials. We impose a
cut-off in the basis of distorted waves of the long-range potential and
identify possible fixed points of the short-range potential as this cut-off is
lowered to zero. The expansions around these fixed points define the power
countings for the corresponding effective field theories. Expansions around
nontrivial fixed points are shown to correspond to distorted-wave versions of
the effective-range expansion. These methods are applied to scattering in the
presence of Coulomb, Yukawa and repulsive inverse-square potentials.Comment: 22 pages (RevTeX), 4 figure
Identifying the Cognitive Needs of Visitors and Content Selection Parameters for Designing the Interactive Kiosk Software for Museums
International audienceThis research presents the findings of contextual interviews, visitor survey and behavioural study that were carried out in Indian museums. It originates from the hypothesis that the museum exhibits are unable to express their relevance, historical significance and related knowledge to satisfy the curiosity of visitors. Our objective is to identify the cognitive needs of museum visitors and the content selection parameters for designing the interactive kiosk software, which is expected to be set up in every thematic gallery of the museum. The kiosk software is intended to offer higher level of engaging and learnable experience to the museum visitors. The research involved participation of 100+ visitors in Indian museums. The access restrictions and constraints of museums cause cognitive deprivation of visitors and compromise the quality of experience. Therefore, the interactivity, animations and multimedia capabilities of kiosk software must be focused on overcoming these limitations
Reanalysis of two eclipsing binaries: EE Aqr and Z Vul
We study the radial-velocity and light curves of the two eclipsing binaries
EE Aqr and Z Vul. Using the latest version of the Wilson & Van Hamme (2003)
model, absolute parameters for the systems are determined. We find that EE Aqr
and Z Vul are near-contact and semi-detached systems, respectively. The primary
component of EE Aqr fills about 96% of its 'Roche lobe', while its secondary
one appears close to completely filling this limiting volume. In a similar way,
we find fill-out proportions of about 72 and 100% of these volumes for the
primary and secondary components of Z Vul respectively. We compare our results
with those of previous authors.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 10 table
Deconstructing 1S0 nucleon-nucleon scattering
A distorted-wave method is used to analyse nucleon-nucleon scattering in the
1S0 channel. Effects of one-pion exchange are removed from the empirical phase
shift to all orders by using a modified effective-range expansion. Two-pion
exchange is then subtracted in the distorted-wave Born approximation, with
matrix elements taken between scattering waves for the one-pion exchange
potential. The residual short-range interaction shows a very rapid energy
dependence for kinetic energies above about 100 MeV, suggesting that the
breakdown scale of the corresponding effective theory is only 270MeV. This may
signal the need to include the Delta resonance as an explicit degree of freedom
in order to describe scattering at these energies. An alternative strategy of
keeping the cutoff finite to reduce large, but finite, contributions from the
long-range forces is also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures (introduction revised, references added; version
to appear in EPJA
Extreme endurance flights by landbirds crossing the Pacific Ocean: ecological corridor rather than barrier?
Mountain ranges, deserts, ice fields and oceans generally act as barriers to the movement of land-dependent animals, often profoundly shaping migration routes. We used satellite telemetry to track the southward flights of bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica baueri), shorebirds whose breeding and non-breeding areas are separated by the vast central Pacific Ocean. Seven females with surgically implanted transmitters flew non-stop 8117–11 680 km (10 153±1043 s.d.) directly across the Pacific Ocean; two males with external transmitters flew non-stop along the same corridor for 7008–7390 km. Flight duration ranged from 6.0 to 9.4 days (7.8±1.3 s.d.) for birds with implants and 5.0 to 6.6 days for birds with externally attached transmitters. These extraordinary non-stop flights establish new extremes for avian flight performance, have profound implications for understanding the physiological capabilities of vertebrates and how birds navigate, and challenge current physiological paradigms on topics such as sleep, dehydration and phenotypic flexibility. Predicted changes in climatic systems may affect survival rates if weather conditions at their departure hub or along the migration corridor should change. We propose that this transoceanic route may function as an ecological corridor rather than a barrier, providing a wind-assisted passage relatively free of pathogens and predators
Basic principles of stable isotope analysis in humanitarian forensic science.
While the identity of a victim of a localized disaster – such as a train or bus crash – may be established quickly through personal effects, fingerprints, dental records, and a comparison of decedent DNA to family reference specimen DNA, a different scenario presents itself in mass disasters, such as the Asian Tsunami of 2004. In the aftermath of the tsunami, visual appearance was initially used to assign “foreign” or “indigenous” classifications to the remains of thousands of victims. However, this visual identification approach was undermined by the speed with which bodies deteriorated under the hot and humid conditions. Time was spent populating ante-mortem DNA databases for different nationalities, which led to problems when creating a post-mortem DNA database because recovery of viable DNA was compromised due to rapid decomposition. As a consequence, only 1.3% of victims were identified by DNA; in contrast, 61% were identified based on dental examination, although this process took several months and a significant number of deceased from the 2004 Asian Tsunami still remain to be identified
- …