Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) information of Oroya Fever samples.

<p>Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) information of Oroya Fever samples.</p

Phylogenetic tree of all the Sequence Types of <i>B</i>. <i>bacilliformis</i> as constructed an UPGMA cluster analysis with Bootstrap method.

<p>Phylogenetic tree of all the Sequence Types of <i>B</i>. <i>bacilliformis</i> as constructed an UPGMA cluster analysis with Bootstrap method.</p

Map of the geographical distribution of Carrion’s disease in Peru with the distribution of the SequenceTypes location.

<p>Map of the geographical distribution of Carrion’s disease in Peru with the distribution of the SequenceTypes location.</p

MOESM1 of Helicobacter pylori and its relationship with variations of gut microbiota in asymptomatic children between 6 and 12Â years

Additional file 1: Table S1. Nutritional status assessment in relation to the presence of H. pylori and the number of bacterial genre present in the intestinal microbiota

Dataset OROV

<p><b>First outbreak of Oropouche Fever reported in a non-endemic central-western region of the Peruvian Amazon. </b><b>Molecular diagnosis and clinical characteristics. </b></p><p><b>Introduction: </b>Oropouche virus (OROV) is an underreported and emerging infectious disease. Its incidence is underestimated mainly due to clinical similarities with other diseases that are also caused by arboviruses present in endemic areas. We report the first outbreak of OROV in the western region of the Peruvian Amazon in the department of Huanuco, Peru. </p><p><b>Methods</b>: This outbreak occurred in the region of Huanuco, Peru during July of 2016. Blood samples were taken from 268 patients who presented acute febrile syndrome to be later analyzed for Oropouche Virus via Polymerase Chain Reaction.</p><p><b>Results</b>: Of all 268 patients, 46 (17%) cases tested were positive for OROV. the most common symptom reported was headaches with a frequency of 87% (n=40) followed by myalgias with 76% (n=35), arthralgias with 65.2% (n=30), retro-ocular pain 60.8% (n=28) and hyporexia with 50% (n=23). </p><p> Concerning signs and symptoms that may suggest severe OROV infection, 4.3% (n=2) had low platelet count, 8.6% (n=4) had intense abdominal pain, and only 2.1% (n=1) had a presentation with thoracic pain<br></p

Demographical and clinical characteristics of patients with Chikungunya infection.

Demographical and clinical characteristics of patients with Chikungunya infection.</p

Geographical distribution of CHIKV positive cases in the district of Jaen, Peru.

Maps were created using version 3.26.0 of the QGIS “Buenos Aires” software. The satellite map of Jaen was created at the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), and the maps of Peru and South American were acquired from the National Institute of Statistics and Computer Science (Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática, INEI) [https://www.inei.gob.pe/].</p

Research method and study design flowchart.

BackgroundThe Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that causes undifferentiated acute febrile illness. Cases of CHIKV may be under-reported in Peru, given the various difficulties in diagnosing it, such as lack of diagnostic tests in remote areas, the passive nature of epidemiological surveillance, and co-circulation of other arthropod-borne pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted in the high jungle of northern Peru to determine the prevalence of CHIKV among febrile patients and describe their clinical characteristics.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Jaen, Cajamarca, located in the high jungle of northern Peru. Patients attending primary healthcare centers within Cajamarca’s Regional Health Directorate were enrolled. The study took place from June 2020 through June 2021. Patients were eligible if they sought outpatient healthcare for a clinical diagnosis of acute febrile illness (AFI). Serum samples were collected from all patients, and the diagnosis of CHIKV was determined using real-time RT-PCR, as well as the detection of IgM antibodies by ELISA. A logistic regression model was employed to identify the risk factors for CHIKV, and the odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsA total of 1 047 patients with AFI were included during the study period. CHIKV was identified in 130 patients of 1 047 (12.4%). Among the CHIKV positive cases, 84 of 130 (64.6%) were diagnosed by RT-PCR, 42 of 130 (32.3%) by IgM ELISA detection, and 4 of 130 (3.1%) by both assays. The majority of patients with CHIKV infection fell within the 18–39 years age group (50.0%), followed by the 40–59 years age group (23.9%) and those with 60 years or older (10.8%). The most common clinical symptoms observed in patients with CHIKV infection were headache (85.4%), myalgias (72.3%), and arthralgias (64.6%). The highest number of positive CHIKV cases occurred in May (23.1%), followed by March (20.0%) and February (13.8%) of 2021.ConclusionThe study reports a considerable frequency of CHIKV infections among patients with AFI from the high jungle of northern Peru. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing CHIKV as an ongoing pathogen with continuous transmission in various areas of Peru. It is crucial to enhance epidemiological surveillance by implementing reliable diagnostic techniques, as the clinical symptoms of CHIKV infection can be nonspecific.</div

Clinical signs and symptoms of patients with Chikungunya infection.

Clinical signs and symptoms of patients with Chikungunya infection.</p

Monthly distribution of cases according to the pattern of infection.

Monthly distribution of cases according to the pattern of infection.</p