Primary cutaneous Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a patient taking fingolimod

A 55-year-old man with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis on fingolimod presented to the dermatology clinic with skin lesions on the left temple and cheek. Histopathology showed a diffuse infiltrate of enlarged, atypical lymphocytes throughout the dermis with an overlying grenz zone and a subpopulation of scattered smaller lymphocytes and plasma cells. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization stain was positive. Based on the morphologic and immunophenotypic findings, a diagnosis of EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was made. This case aims to raise awareness for the dermatologist that patients on fingolimod may be at increased risk of lymphoproliferative disorders

Meta-analysis of gender performance gaps in undergraduate natural science courses

To investigate patterns of gender-based performance gaps, we conducted a meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished data collected across 169 undergraduate biology and chemistry courses. While we did not detect an overall gender gap in performance, heterogeneity analyses suggested further analysis was warranted, so we investigated whether attributes of the learning environment impacted performance disparities on the basis of gender. Several factors moderated performance differences, including class size, assessment type, and pedagogy. Specifically, we found evidence that larger classes, reliance on exams, and undisrupted, traditional lecture were associated with lower grades for women. We discuss our results in the context of natural science courses and conclude by making recommendations for instructional practices and future research to promote gender equity

Personalization Paradox in Behavior Change Apps:Lessons from a Social Comparison-Based Personalized App for Physical Activity

Social comparison-based features are widely used in social computing apps. However, most existing apps are not grounded in social comparison theories and do not consider individual differences in social comparison preferences and reactions. This paper is among the first to automatically personalize social comparison targets. In the context of an m-health app for physical activity, we use artificial intelligence (AI) techniques of multi-armed bandits. Results from our user study (n=53) indicate that there is some evidence that motivation can be increased using the AI-based personalization of social comparison. The detected effects achieved small-to-moderate effect sizes, illustrating the real-world implications of the intervention for enhancing motivation and physical activity. In addition to design implications for social comparison features in social apps, this paper identified the personalization paradox, the conflict between user modeling and adaptation, as a key design challenge of personalized applications for behavior change. Additionally, we propose research directions to mitigate this Personalization Paradox

Are Funnier People Healthier People? Reviewing the Relationship Between Humor and Health

Psychological research into the relationship between humor and health has been trying for decades to assess whether or not specific features of humor are in fact correlated with positive aspects of health. This paper summarizes research addressing the relationship between two elements of humor and certain health outcomes. Specifically in regards to humor, I look at external humorous material - like funny TV shows and jokes - and individual sense of humor. I argue that inconclusive results in this literature exist because of the inadequacy of some measures to gauge the most influential factor of an individual\u27s sense of humor in the context of the relationship between sense of humor and health: the difference between a healthy, adaptive sense of humor and an unhealthy, maladaptive sense of humor. The Humor Styles Questionnaire (Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray, & Weir, 2003) recognizes that a sense of humor can be both beneficial and detrimental, and for this reason remains the most useful measure of sense of humor. Evidence that takes this distinction into account shows significant negative correlations between humor - be it sense of humor or humorous material - and negative life stresses, as well as depression and depressive symptoms. Moreover, studies tend to show a significant positive correlation between humor and psychological well-being, longevity, immune system functioning, pain tolerance, and perceived physical health. Further research should look at the mediating effects of positive personality characteristics on the relationship between humor and positive health outcomes