67,405 research outputs found
Numerical solutions of several reflected shock-wave flow fields with nonequilibrium chemical reactions
The method of characteristics for a chemically reacting gas is used in the construction of the time-dependent, one-dimensional flow field resulting from the normal reflection of an incident shock wave at the end wall of a shock tube. Nonequilibrium chemical reactions are allowed behind both the incident and reflected shock waves. All the solutions are evaluated for oxygen, but the results are generally representative of any inviscid, nonconducting, and nonradiating diatomic gas. The solutions clearly show that: (1) both the incident- and reflected-shock chemical relaxation times are important in governing the time to attain steady state thermodynamic properties; and (2) adjacent to the end wall, an excess-entropy layer develops wherein the steady state values of all the thermodynamic variables except pressure differ significantly from their corresponding Rankine-Hugoniot equilibrium values
Electron pockets and pseudogap asymmetry observed in the thermopower of underdoped cuprates
We calculate the diffusion thermoelectric power of high-Tc cuprates using the
resonating-valence-bond spin-liquid model developed by Yang, Rice and Zhang
(YRZ). In this model, reconstruction of the energy-momentum dispersion results
in a pseudogap in the density of states that is heavily asymmetric about the
Fermi level. The subsequent asymmetry in the spectral conductivity is found to
account for the large magnitude and temperature dependence of the thermopower
observed in underdoped cuprates. In addition we find evidence in experimental
data for electron pockets in the Fermi surface, arising from a YRZ-like
reconstruction, near the onset of the pseudogap in the slightly overdoped
regime.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in EP
Molecular production at a wide Feshbach resonance in Fermi-gas of cooled atoms
The problem of molecular production from degenerate gas of fermions at a wide
Feshbach resonance, in a single-mode approximation, is reduced to the linear
Landau-Zener problem for operators. The strong interaction leads to significant
renormalization of the gap between adiabatic levels. In contrast to static
problem the close vicinity of exact resonance does not play substantial role.
Two main physical results of our theory is the high sensitivity of molecular
production to the initial value of magnetic field and generation of a large BCS
condensate distributed over a broad range of momenta in inverse process of the
molecule dissociation.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
Superfluid and Mott Insulating shells of bosons in harmonically confined optical lattices
Weakly interacting atomic or molecular bosons in quantum degenerate regime
and trapped in harmonically confined optical lattices, exhibit a wedding cake
structure consisting of insulating (Mott) shells. It is shown that superfluid
regions emerge between Mott shells as a result of fluctuations due to finite
hopping. It is found that the order parameter equation in the superfluid
regions is not of the Gross-Pitaeviskii type except near the insulator to
superfluid boundaries. The excitation spectra in the Mott and superfluid
regions are obtained, and it is shown that the superfluid shells posses low
energy sound modes with spatially dependent sound velocity described by a local
index of refraction directly related to the local superfluid density. Lastly,
the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition and vortex-antivortex pairs are
discussed in thin (wide) superfluid shells (rings) limited by three (two)
dimensional Mott regions.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures
GRB Sky Distribution Puzzles
We analyze the randomness of the sky distribution of cosmic gamma-ray bursts.
These events are associated with massive galaxies, spiral or elliptical, and
therefore their positions should trace the large-scale structure, which, in
turn, could show up in the sky distribution of fluctuations of the cosmic
microwave background (CMB). We test this hypothesis by mosaic correlation
mapping of the distributions of CMB peaks and burst positions, find the
distribution of these two signals to be correlated, and interpret this
correlation as a possible systematic effect.Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures, 1 tabl
Evidence for two electronic components in high-temperature superconductivity from NMR
A new analysis of 63Cu and 17O NMR shift data on La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 is reported
that supports earlier work arguing for a two-component description of this
material, but conflicts with the widely held view that the cuprates are a
one-component system. The data are analyzed in terms of two components A and B
with susceptibilities Chi(A), Chi(B), and Chi(AB)=Chi(BA) . We find that above
Tc, Chi(AB) and Chi(BB) are independent of temperature and obtain for the first
time the temperature dependence of all three susceptibilities above Tc as well
as the complete temperature dependence of Chi(AA)+Chi(AB) and of
Chi(AB)+Chi(BB) below Tc. The form of the results agrees with that recently
proposed by Barzykin and Pines.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
A rotor-mounted digital instrumentation system for helicopter blade flight research measurements
A rotor mounted flight instrumentation system developed for helicopter rotor blade research is described. The system utilizes high speed digital techniques to acquire research data from miniature pressure transducers on advanced rotor airfoils which are flight tested on an AH-1G helicopter. The system employs microelectronic pulse code modulation (PCM) multiplexer digitizer stations located remotely on the blade and in a hub mounted metal canister. As many as 25 sensors can be remotely digitized by a 2.5 mm thick electronics package mounted on the blade near the tip to reduce blade wiring. The electronics contained in the canister digitizes up to 16 sensors, formats these data with serial PCM data from the remote stations, and transmits the data from the canister which is above the plane of the rotor. Data are transmitted over an RF link to the ground for real time monitoring and to the helicopter fuselage for tape recording. The complete system is powered by batteries located in the canister and requires no slip rings on the rotor shaft
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