Sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva em famílias com filhos adolescentes: Qual o papel da diferenciação do self dos pais?

A literatura tem realçado o impacto da história familiar de psicopatologia no desenvolvimento de perturbações emocionais nas gerações mais novas e a associação entre o nível de diferenciação do self e diversos quadros clínicos (e.g., ansiosos e depressivos). Com recurso a um desenho quantitativo transversal e a uma amostra de 104 tríades familiares (mãe, pai e filho/a adolescente), o presente estudo pretende analisar: a associação entre a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa de mães e pais e filhos/as adolescentes; e o papel mediador da diferenciação do self das mães e dos pais na relação entre a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa de mães e de pais e a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa dos/as filhos/as adolescentes. Os resultados mostram que: a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa do pai e da mãe são preditoras do nível de diferenciação do self do pai e da mãe; a relação entre a sintomatologia depressiva da mãe e dos/as filhos/as é mediada pela diferenciação do self da mãe; e a sintomatologia ansiosa da mãe é preditora da sintomatologia ansiosa dos/as filhos/as. Apesar de os resultados sugerirem que a mãe tenha também um papel central na transmissão de adversidade aos filhos, apontam para que a sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva de pais e filhos se associem de formas diferentes. Este estudo tem implicações para a prática clínica e para a literatura na área da psicologia clínica e psicologia da família, ao relevar o impacto da sintomatologia da mãe e do seu nível de diferenciação do self no desenvolvimento de psicopatologia na adolescência.The literature has highlighted the impact of the family psychopathology history on the development of psychopathology in the younger generations and the association between the level of self differentiation and various clinical conditions (e.g., anxiety and depression). Using a quantitative cross-sectional design and a sample of 104 family triads (mother, father and adolescent child), the present study aims to analyze: the association between depressive and anxious symptomatology of mothers and fathers and adolescent children; and the mediating role of the self-differentiation of mothers and fathers in the relationship between the depressive and anxious symptomatology of mothers and fathers and the depressive and anxious symptomatology of the adolescent children. The results show that: the depressive and anxious symptomatology of the father and the mother are predictors of the level of differentiation of the self of the father and the mother; the relationship between the depressive symptomatology of the mother and the child is mediated by the differentiation of the mother's self; and the anxious symptomatology of the mother is a predictor of the anxious symptomatology of the child. Although the results suggest that the mother also has a central role in the transmission of adversity to the children, they point out that the anxious and depressive symptomatology of parents and children associate in different ways. This study has implications for clinical practice and for literature in clinical psychology and family psychology, by highlighting the impact of the mother's symptomatology and mothers’ level of self differentiation in the development of psychopathology in adolescence.Orientação: Ana Priost

Population count by district for all regions included in the analysis for A) 1993 and B) 2007.

<p>Population count by district for all regions included in the analysis for A) 1993 and B) 2007.</p

Model errors and p-values assessed using density, population data not included in the covariates.

<p>Model errors and p-values assessed using density, population data not included in the covariates.</p

Model errors and p-values assessed using population count error as a proportion of actual district population: |Predicted – Actual|/Actual.

<p>Model errors and p-values assessed using population count error as a proportion of actual district population: |Predicted – Actual|/Actual.</p

Model errors and p-values assessed using density, population data included in the covariates.

<p>Model errors and p-values assessed using density, population data included in the covariates.</p

Political boundaries and topographical features of Peru.

<p>A) Classified land cover. B) Regions included in the analysis (Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco and Madre de Dios). C) Population density at the district level derived from the 2007 census.</p

Measures of variable importance, population data included in the covariates.

<p>Measures of variable importance, population data included in the covariates.</p

Random Forest uncertainty analysis.

<p>Observations of district population density (black points) are ordered from lowest to highest density. The Random Forest mean (red point), median (blue point) and interval between the 5^th/95^th percentiles (blue lines) illustrate the uncertainty in each corresponding model estimate.</p

Measures of variable importance, population data not included in the covariates.

<p>Measures of variable importance, population data not included in the covariates.</p

Census population density vs. Random Forest estimated density.

<p>1∶1 line plotted for reference.</p