Prediction of poor outcome.

<p>Prediction of poor outcome.</p

Demographics, comorbidities, and treatment.

<p>Demographics, comorbidities, and treatment.</p

Genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease differentially altered in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTD-U) versus controls.

<p>Genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease differentially altered in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTD-U) versus controls.</p

Pleiotropic genes between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-related diseases are elevated in brains of patients with FTD with <i>GRN</i> mutation.

<p>Expression for the genes with the largest effect sizes are plotted: (A) <i>HLA-A</i>, (B) <i>HLA-C</i>, (C) <i>HLA-DRQ</i>, and (D) <i>HLA-DRA</i>. Expression values were obtained from GSE13162 for FTD-U brains with and without <i>GRN</i> mutations and neuropathology-free controls. Horizontal bar represents mean ± SEM.</p

Fold enrichment plots of enrichment (after removing all regions in linkage disequilibrium with <i>HLA</i> on Chromosome 6) versus nominal −log₁₀(<i>p</i>)-values (corrected for inflation) in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) below the standard genome-wide association study threshold of <i>p</i> < 5 × 10⁻⁸ as a function of significance of association with 6 immune-mediated diseases.

<p>The 6 immune-mediated diseases were Crohn disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), type 1 diabetes (T1D), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), celiac disease (CeD), and psoriasis (PSOR). The levels of −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 0, −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 1, and −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 2 correspond to <i>p</i> < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.1, and <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively. The dark blue line indicates all SNPs.</p

Fold enrichment plots of enrichment versus nominal −log₁₀(<i>p</i>)-values (corrected for inflation) in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) below the standard genome-wide association study threshold of <i>p</i> < 5 × 10⁻⁸ as a function of significance of association with 6 immune-mediated diseases.

<p>The 6 immune-mediated diseases are Crohn disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), type 1 diabetes (T1D), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), celiac disease (CeD), and psoriasis (PSOR). The levels of −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 0, −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 1, and −log₁₀(<i>p</i>) > 2 correspond to <i>p</i> < 1, <i>p</i> < 0.1, and <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively. The dark blue line indicates all SNPs.</p

Enrichment of genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease in microglia compared with other central nervous system cells.

<p>Enrichment of genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease in microglia compared with other central nervous system cells.</p

Genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease differentially altered in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTD-U) versus controls.

<p>Genes associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-mediated disease differentially altered in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTD-U) versus controls.</p

Summary data from all genome-wide association studies used in the current study.

<p>Summary data from all genome-wide association studies used in the current study.</p

Network interaction graph predominantly illustrating co-expression and shared protein domains for functionally expressed pleiotropic genes between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-related diseases.

<p>Network interaction graph predominantly illustrating co-expression and shared protein domains for functionally expressed pleiotropic genes between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and immune-related diseases.</p