Fiscal and monetary policy: opportunities and problems

Monetary policy ; Fiscal policy

Protecting Homebuilding from Restrictive Credit Conditions

macroeconomics, homebuilding, credit

Deposit Demand, "Hot Money," and the Viability of Thrift Institutions

macroeconomics, thrift institutions, hot money

Barely in Time: The Successful Struggle to Create the Transportation Command

With the passage of the National Security Act in 1947, a concentrated effort was begun to consolidate the functions of the U.S. military services wherever possible. One area that seemed appropriate for merger was the several units that were providing ocean transportation for the services

Structure in the Disk of epsilon Aurigae: Analysis of the ARCES and TripleSpec data obtained during the 2010 eclipse

Context: Worldwide interest in the recent eclipse of epsilon Aurigae resulted in the generation of several extensive data sets, including those related to high resolution spectroscopic monitoring. This lead to the discovery, among other things, of the existence of a mass transfer stream, seen notably during third contact. Aims: We explored spectroscopic facets of the mass transfer stream during third contact, using high resolution spectra obtained with the ARCES and TripleSpec instruments at Apache Point Observatory. Methods: One hundred and sixteen epochs of data between 2009 and 2012 were obtained, and equivalent widths and line velocities measured, selected according to reports of these being high versus low eccentricity disk lines. These datasets also enable greater detail to be measured of the mid-eclipse enhancement of the He I 10830A line, and the discovery of the P Cygni shape of the Pa beta line at third contact. Analysis: We found evidence of higher speed material, associated with the mass transfer stream, persisting between third and fourth eclipse contacts. We visualize the disk and stream interaction using SHAPE software, and use CLOUDY software to estimate that the source of the enhanced He I 10830A absorption arises from a region with log n = 10 (/cm3) and temperature of 20,000 K consistent with a mid B type central star. Results and Next Steps: Van Rensbergen binary star evolutionary models are somewhat consistent with the current binary parameters for the case of a 9 plus 8 solar mass initial binary, evolving into a 2.3 and 14.11 solar mass end product after 35 Myr. Prior to the next eclipse, it is possible to make predictions which suggest that continued monitoring will help resolve standing questions about this binary

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for neuropathic pain in adults (Protocol)

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the analgesic effectiveness of TENS versus placebo (sham) TENS, TENS versus usual care, TENS versus no treatment and TENS in addition to usual care versus usual care alone in the management of neuropathic pain in adults

Evolution of Hot Gas and Dark Halos in Group-Dominant Elliptical Galaxies: Influence of Cosmic Inflow

We study the complete dynamical evolution of hot interstellar gas in massive elliptical galaxies born into a simple flat universe beginning with an overdense perturbation. Within the turn-around radius dark matter flows in a self-similar fashion into a stationary Navarro-Frenk-White halo and the baryonic gas shocks. After a few gigayears, when enough gas accumulates within the accretion shock, the de Vaucouleurs stellar system is constructed and the energy from Type II supernovae is released. The stars and dark halo are matched to NGC 4472. Gas continues to enter the galaxy by secondary infall and by stellar mass loss based on a Salpeter IMF. After about 13 Gyrs the temperature and density distribution in the hot gas agree quite well with the hot interstellar gas observed in NGC 4472. As a result of supernova-driven outflow, the present day baryonic fraction has a deep minimum in the outer galactic halo. When relatively gas-rich, X-ray luminous models are spatially truncated at early times, simulating tidal events that may have occurred during galaxy group dynamics, the current locus of truncated models lies just along the $L_x$, X-ray size correlation among well-observed ellipticals, providing another striking confirmation of our simple model of elliptical evolution.Comment: 16 pages in AASTEX LaTeX with 14 figures; accepted by Astrophysical Journa

When Talk is Not Cheap: Substantive Penance and Expressions of Intent in Rebuilding Cooperation

Interpersonal relationships can be fragile. The mere perception of opportunistic behavior can lead to a breakdown in cooperation. Once damaged, the question then arises as to whether and how cooperation might be restored. Noncooperative game theory raises serious doubts about the possibilities, although interactional justice and impression management research have shown that verbal explanations can dampen reactions to aversive behavior. Philosophical, anthropological, and ethological research all suggest that genuine forgiveness may require something more tangible and substantive than an explanation. Thus, the current experiment investigated the effects of explanations and varying forms of substantive amends on the restoration of mutual cooperation. The results confirm that rebuilding cooperation is feasible. Apologies and simple explanations can be effective to a degree, though substantive amends have significantly more positive effects than explanations alone. In contrast to prior findings on interactional justice, acknowledgments were more effective than denials in repairing short interactions. This research demonstrates that, once breached, cooperation can be reestablished and that actions as well as explanations and apologies can augment the process in important and sometimes subtle ways

High strength-high conductivity Cu--Fe composites produced by powder compaction/mechanical reduction

A particulate mixture of Cu and Fe is compacted and mechanically reduced to form an in-situ Cu-Fe composite having high strength and high conductivity. Compaction and mechanical reduction of the particulate mixture are carried out at a temperature and time at temperature selected to avoid dissolution of Fe into the Cu matrix particulates to a harmful extent that substantially degrades the conductivity of the Cu-Fe composite