Drawing of a normal and a dissected aorta and location of calcifications.

<p>Drawing of a normal and a dissected aorta and location of calcifications.</p

Calcifications of other cardiovascular structures in aortic dissection patients with and without media calcifications.

<p>Differences are tested using Chi-square tests.</p

Illustration of patients with aortic dissection who have calcifications at the outer edge of the false lumen.

<p>Illustration of four different patients (aged 65–77) with an aortic dissection and thin linear calcifications at the outer edge of the false lumen (arrowheads) where the intima has been torn away. In contrast to the dot like calcifications observed in the intima, these thin mainly circular calcifications are most likely located in the media or adventitia layer of the aortic wall. Note the courser calcification at the intima flap (arrow) presumed to be an intima calcification related to atherosclerosis.</p

Differences in clinical characteristics between aortic dissection patients with and without media calcifications.

<p>Differences are tested with unpaired samples T-test (age) or Chi-square (other variables).</p

Hippocampal calcification on thin unenhanced CT examinations (arrows).

<p>The left axial reconstructed image shows bilateral mild hippocampal calcification (dot). The middle sagittal reconstructed image shows moderate hippocampal calcification (multiple dots). The right sagittal reconstructed image shows severe hippocampal calcification (confluent). Calcification of the choroid plexus is also visible (arrowheads).</p

Hippocampal calcifications in cases and controls by age and gender.

<p>Hippocampal calcifications in cases and controls by age and gender.</p

Baseline characteristics memory clinic patients and controls.

<p>Baseline characteristics memory clinic patients and controls.</p

Hippocampal calcifications severity and laterality in cases and controls.

<p>Hippocampal calcifications severity and laterality in cases and controls.</p

Baseline characteristics.

<p>BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PWV, pulse wave velocity. Data are presented as mean ± SD, proportions (%) or median values (interquartile range i.e. 25th and 75th percentile).</p><p>^a P-value calculated with or Pearson χ2 or Fisher’s Exact Test (two sided) where appropriate, between cad and no cad groups.</p><p>Baseline characteristics.</p

Histological validation of calcifications in the human hippocampus as seen on computed tomography - Fig 1

<p><b>Hippocampal calcifications on CT scans of patient numbers 4 (mild, A), 1 (moderate, B-D) and 3 (severe, E)</b>. (A) Axial reconstructed image with mild hippocampal calcification (one dot). (B) Coronal reconstructed image shows (moderate) bilateral hippocampal calcification (multiple dots), indicated by arrows. Choroid plexus calcification is indicated by arrowheads. (C) Axial reconstructed image with moderate bilateral hippocampal calcification marked with arrows. (D) Sagittal reconstructed image with moderate hippocampal calcification marked with an arrow and choroid plexus calcification marked with an arrowhead. (E) Axial reconstructed image shows severe hippocampal calcification (confluent) indicated by an arrow and calcification of the choroid plexus is indicated with an arrowhead.</p