Physical limitations to the spatial resolution of solid-state detectors

In this paper we explore the effect of $\delta$-ray emission, fluctuations in th e signal deposition on the detection of charged particles in silicon-based detec tors. We show that these two effects ultimately limit the resolution that can be achieved by interpolation of the signal in finely segmented position-sensitive solid-state devices.Comment: 5 page

The imprints of superstatistics in multiparticle production processes

We provide an update of the overview of imprints of Tsallis nonextensive statistics seen in a multiparticle production processes. They reveal an ubiquitous presence of power law distributions of different variables characterized by the nonextensivity parameter q > 1. In nuclear collisions one additionally observes a q-dependence of the multiplicity fluctuations reflecting the finiteness of the hadronizing source. We present sum rules connecting parameters q obtained from an analysis of different observables, which allows us to combine different kinds of fluctuations seen in the data and analyze an ensemble in which the energy (E), temperature (T) and multiplicity (N) can all fluctuate. This results in a generalization of the so called Lindhard's thermodynamic uncertainty relation. Finally, based on the example of nucleus-nucleus collisions (treated as a quasi-superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions) we demonstrate that, for the standard Tsallis entropy with degree of nonextensivity q < 1, the corresponding standard Tsallis distribution is described by q' = 2 - q > 1.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Based on invited talk given by Z.Wlodarczyk at SigmaPhi2011 conference, Larnaka, Cyprus, 11-15 July 2011. To be published in Cent. Eur. J. Phys. (2011

Propagation of strangelets in the Earth's atmosphere

A new model for the description of the behaviour of strangelets in the Earth's atmosphere is presented. Strangelet fission induced by collision with air nuclei is included. It is shown that strangelets with certain parameters of initial mass and energy may reach depths near sea level, which can be examined by ground-based experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

The morphometry of the accessory leaflets of the tricuspid valve in a four cuspidal model

The tricuspid valve is of great importance because of the progress made in operative techniques and invasive cardiology accidents. This structure is more differentiated during evolution than the mitral valve. Accessory leaflets, their frequency and role are still controversial, despite the fact that they have been known from the beginning of the 20th century. The number of leaflets in the tricuspid valve grows in an evolutionary line, but the rules governing their appearance are still not known. The samples were taken from a group of 107 human adult hearts. The four-cuspidal form of the tricuspid valve was used as the simplest model to show the appearance of accessory leaflets for anatomical and statistical examination. On the basis of the results of this study we conclude that the separation of accessory leaflets is a complex process

Consequences of temperature fluctuations in observables measured in high energy collisions

We review the consequences of intrinsic, nonstatistical temperature fluctuations as seen in observables measured in high energy collisions. We do this from the point of view of nonextensive statistics and Tsallis distributions. Particular attention is paid to multiplicity fluctuations as a first consequence of temperature fluctuations, to the equivalence of temperature and volume fluctuations, to the generalized thermodynamic fluctuations relations allowing us to compare fluctuations observed in different parts of phase space, and to the problem of the relation between Tsallis entropy and Tsallis distributions. We also discuss the possible influence of conservation laws on these distributions and provide some examples of how one can get them without considering temperature fluctuations.Comment: Revised version of the invited contribution to The European Physical Journal A (Hadrons and Nuclei) topical issue about 'Relativistic Hydro- and Thermodynamics in Nuclear Physics' guest eds. Tamas S. Biro, Gergely G. Barnafoldi and Peter Va

Can cosmic strangelets reach the earth?

The mechanism for the propagation of strangelets with low baryon number through the atmosphere of the Earth has been explored. It has been shown that under suitable initial conditions, such strangelets may indeed reach depths near mountain altitudes with mass numbers and charges close to the observed values in cosmic ray experiments.Comment: RevTeX text, with 3 encoded eps figures. To appear in Physical Review Letter

RDF Querying

Reactive Web systems, Web services, and Web-based publish/ subscribe systems communicate events as XML messages, and in many cases require composite event detection: it is not sufficient to react to single event messages, but events have to be considered in relation to other events that are received over time. Emphasizing language design and formal semantics, we describe the rule-based query language XChangeEQ for detecting composite events. XChangeEQ is designed to completely cover and integrate the four complementary querying dimensions: event data, event composition, temporal relationships, and event accumulation. Semantics are provided as model and fixpoint theories; while this is an established approach for rule languages, it has not been applied for event queries before

Magnetized strangelets at finite temperature

The main properties of magnetized strangelets, namely, their energy per baryon, radius and electric charge, are studied. Temperature effects are also taken into account in order to study their stability compared to the 56Fe isotope and non-magnetized strangelets using the liquid drop model. Massive quarks are considered with the aim to have a more realistic description for strangelets in the astrophysical context and the environment of heavy ion colliders, playing also an important role in the thermodynamical quantities of the quark gas. It is concluded that the presence of a magnetic field tends to stabilize more the strangelets, even when temperature effects are taken into account. Magnetized strangelets in a paired superconductor phase (magnetized color flavor locked phase) are also discussed. It is shown that they are more stable than ordinary magnetized strangelets for typical gap values of the order of O(100) MeV.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, discussion extended, new references adde

Inelaticity in hadron-nucleus collisions from emulsion chamber studies

The inelasticity of hadron-carbon nucleus collisions in the energy region exceeding 100 TeV is estimated from the carbon-emulsion chamber data at Pamirs to be $= 0.65\pm 0.08$. When combined with the recently presented data on hadron-lead nucleus collisions taken at the same energy range it results in the $K\sim A^{0.086}$ mass number dependence of inelasticity. The evaluated partial inelasticity for secondary ($\nu > 1$) interactions, $K_{\nu >1} \simeq 0.2$, suggests that the second and higher interactions of the excited hadron inside the nucleus proceed with only slight energy losses.Comment: LaTeX file and 5 LaTeX files with figures, 11 pages altogether. Thoroughly rewritten and modified, one figure addded one removed. To be published in Phys. Rev.

Describing Subjective Experiment Consistency by pp-Value P-P Plot

There are phenomena that cannot be measured without subjective testing. However, subjective testing is a complex issue with many influencing factors. These interplay to yield either precise or incorrect results. Researchers require a tool to classify results of subjective experiment as either consistent or inconsistent. This is necessary in order to decide whether to treat the gathered scores as quality ground truth data. Knowing if subjective scores can be trusted is key to drawing valid conclusions and building functional tools based on those scores (e.g., algorithms assessing the perceived quality of multimedia materials). We provide a tool to classify subjective experiment (and all its results) as either consistent or inconsistent. Additionally, the tool identifies stimuli having irregular score distribution. The approach is based on treating subjective scores as a random variable coming from the discrete Generalized Score Distribution (GSD). The GSD, in combination with a bootstrapped G-test of goodness-of-fit, allows to construct $p$-value P-P plot that visualizes experiment's consistency. The tool safeguards researchers from using inconsistent subjective data. In this way, it makes sure that conclusions they draw and tools they build are more precise and trustworthy. The proposed approach works in line with expectations drawn solely on experiment design descriptions of 21 real-life multimedia quality subjective experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM '20). For associated data sets, source codes and documentation, see https://github.com/Qub3k/subjective-exp-consistency-chec