297 research outputs found
Cutaneous Bâcell lymphomas: 2015 update on diagnosis, riskâstratification, and management
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109952/1/ajh23863.pd
Challenges and opportunities for checkpoint blockade in T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
Abstract
The T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkinâs lymphomas (NHL) for which current therapeutic strategies are inadequate, as most patients afflicted with these NHL will succumb to disease progression within 2 years of diagnosis. Appreciation of the genetic and immunologic landscape of these aggressive NHL, including PD-L1 (B7-H1, CD274) expression by malignant T cells and within the tumor microenvironment, provides a strong rationale for therapeutic targeting this immune checkpoint. While further studies are needed, the available data suggests that responses with PD-1 checkpoint blockade alone will unlikely approach those achieved in other lymphoproliferative disorders. Herein, we review the unique challenges posed by the T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and discuss potential strategies to optimize checkpoint blockade in these T-cell derived malignancies.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134748/1/40425_2016_Article_201.pd
Cutaneous Bâcell lymphomas: 2021 update on diagnosis, riskâstratification, and management
Disease OverviewApproximately oneâfourth of primary cutaneous lymphomas are Bâcell derived and are generally classified into three distinct subgroups: primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL), primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), and primary cutaneous diffuse large Bâcell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, LT).DiagnosisDiagnosis and disease classification is based on histopathologic review and immunohistochemical staining of an appropriate skin biopsy. Pathologic review and an appropriate staging evaluation are necessary to distinguish primary cutaneous Bâcell lymphomas from systemic Bâcell lymphomas with secondary skin involvement.RiskâStratificationDisease histopathology remains the most important prognostic determinant in primary cutaneous Bâcell lymphomas. Both PCFCL and PCMZL are indolent lymphomas that infrequently disseminate to extracutaneous sites and are associated with 5âyear survival rates that exceed 95%. In contrast, PCDLBCL, LT is an aggressive lymphoma with an inferior prognosis.RiskâAdapted TherapyBoth PCFCL and PCMZL patients with solitary or relatively few skin lesions may be effectively managed with local radiation therapy. While singleâagent rituximab may be employed for patients with more widespread skin involvement, multiâagent chemotherapy is rarely appropriate. In contrast, management of patients with PCDLBCL, LT is comparable to the management of patients with systemic DLBCL.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162801/2/ajh25970.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162801/1/ajh25970_am.pd
A retrospective comparative outcome analysis following systemic therapy in Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134845/1/ajh24564_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134845/2/ajh24564.pd
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Dam Removal I: Synthesis of Common Management Concerns Associated with Dam Removal
A single center phase II study of ixazomib in patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous or peripheral Tâcell lymphomas
The transcription factor GATAâ3, highly expressed in many cutaneous Tâcell lymphoma (CTCL) and peripheral Tâcell lymphomas (PTCL), confers resistance to chemotherapy in a cellâautonomous manner. As GATAâ3 is transcriptionally regulated by NFâÎșB, we sought to determine the extent to which proteasomal inhibition impairs NFâÎșB activation and GATAâ3 expression and cell viability in malignant T cells. Proteasome inhibition, NFâÎșB activity, GATAâ3 expression, and cell viability were examined in patientâderived cell lines and primary Tâcell lymphoma specimens ex vivo treated with the oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib. Significant reductions in cell viability, NFâÎșB activation, and GATAâ3 expression were observed preclinically in ixazomibâtreated cells. Therefore, an investigatorâinitiated, singleâcenter, phase II study with this agent in patients with relapsed/refractory CTCL/PTCL was conducted. Concordant with our preclinical observations, a significant reduction in NFâÎșB activation and GATAâ3 expression was observed in an exceptional responder following one month of treatment with ixazomib. While ixazomib had limited activity in this small and heterogeneous cohort of patients, inhibition of the NFâÎșB/GATAâ3 axis in a single exceptional responder suggests that ixazomib may have utility in appropriately selected patients or in combination with other agents.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139920/1/ajh24895.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139920/2/ajh24895_am.pd
Relationship of blood monocytes with chronic lymphocytic leukemia aggressiveness and outcomes: a multiâinstitutional study
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134120/1/ajh24376.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134120/2/ajh24376_am.pd
An Evaluation of Studies on the Potential Threats Contributing to the Decline of Eastern Migratory North American Monarch Butterflies (Danaus plexippus)
The migratory monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) of eastern North America have undergone large-scale declines, which may be attributable to a variety of underlying causes. The uncertainty about the primary cause of declines and whether individual threats are likely to increase in the future presents challenges for developing effective conservation management and policy initiatives that aim to improve population viability. This paper identifies five potential threats and classifies these threats according to the types of studies (observational, experimental, simulation/models) and their current impact and anticipated risk. Broadly, the threats can be classified into five categories: (1) change in suitable abiotic environmental conditions; (2) deforestation in the overwintering range; (3) exposure to contaminants including the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, herbicides, and insecticides; (4) loss of breeding habitat; and (5) predation, parasitism, and species-specific pathogens. The vast distribution of the monarch butterfly makes it likely that population declines are attributed to a suite of interacting factors that vary spatially and temporally in their contribution. Nonetheless, the published papers we reviewed suggest the decline in suitable environmental conditions in addition to overwintering (i.e., deforestation) and breeding habitat loss are the most likely threats to continue to affect the population viability of monarch butterflies
Conceptualizing Ecological Responses to Dam Removal: If You Remove It, Whatâs to Come?
One of the desired outcomes of dam decommissioning and removal is the recovery of aquatic and riparian ecosystems. To investigate this common objective, we synthesized information from empirical studies and ecological theory into conceptual models that depict key physical and biological links driving ecological responses to removing dams. We define models for three distinct spatial domains: upstream of the former reservoir, within the reservoir, and downstream of the removed dam. Emerging from these models are response trajectories that clarify potential pathways of ecological transitions in each domain. We illustrate that the responses are controlled by multiple causal pathways and feedback loops among physical and biological components of the ecosystem, creating recovery trajectories that are dynamic and nonlinear. In most cases, short-term effects are typically followed by longer-term responses that bring ecosystems to new and frequently predictable ecological condition, which may or may not be similar to what existed prior to impoundment
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