Studi Metode Penambahan Perak Nitrat Pada Saringan Keramik Terhadap Escherichia Coli Pada Air Minum

Problematika air tercemar mikrobiologis di Yogyakarta berdasar hasil pemantauan rutin oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta pada tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa pada parameter mikrobiologis terdapat 596 (67%) sumber air bersih (sumur) penduduk belum memenuhi syarat sesuai Permenkes 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, demikian juga pada tahun 2010 dan 2009 masing masing 68,8% dan 63,2% dari sampel yang diperiksa, sedangkan untuk pemeriksaan terhadap air perpipaan (PDAM) pada tahun 2011 masih terdapat 8,9 % dari sampel yang tidak memenuhi syarat. Hal tersebut terjadi pada pemukiman padat penduduk yang disebabkan keterbatasan lahan sehingga jarak antara peresapan jamban dengan sumur penduduk kurang dari persyaratan. Penggunaan Filter Keramik sebagai pengolahan air pada tingkat rumah tangga telah banyak dipelajari dan diteliti Riset filter keramik dikembangkan untuk persiapan keadaan darurat bencana dan pemukiman padat penduduk. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2013-2014 dengan menggunakan rancangan analitik observasional, dengan pendekatan pre test-postest group design dengan analisis kuantitatif eksperimen dilaksanakan didalam laboratorium. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pada metode penambahan perak nitrat ke dalam saringan keramik, sehingga pengembangan saringan keramik lebih mudah dan sangat memungkinkan menjadi alternatif untuk penyediaan air bersih dan layak konsumsi terutama pada keadaan darurat kebencanaanProblems of microbiologically contaminated water in Yogyakarta based on the results of routine monitoring by the City Health Office Yogyakarta in 2011 showed that the microbiological parameters are 596 (67%) of clean water sources (wells) population is not eligible in accordance Permenkes 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010 , as well as in 2010 and 2009, respectively 68.8% and 63.2% of the samples examined, while for the examination of water piped (PDAM) in 2011, there are 8.9% of the sample were not eligible. It occurs in a densely populated residential area due to limited so that the distance between the infiltration wells latrine with a population less than the requirement. Use of Ceramic Filter as water treatment at household level has been widely studied and researched Research ceramic filters developed for the preparation of emergency response and densely populated area. This study used observational analytic design, the pretest-posttest approach to group design with quantitative analysis experiments were carried out in the laboratory. The results showed no difference in the method of adding silver nitrate into the ceramic filters, so that the development of ceramic filters easier and it is possible to be an alternative to the provision of clean and potable water, especially in an emergency disaster

Formulasi Sediaan Pemerah Pipi Ekstrak Air Buah Syzygium Cumini dalam Bentuk Compact Powder

One of the fruits in Indonesia that can be used in the field of decorative cosmetics is Syzygium cumini. Blackish purple appearance of the fruit indicates the high content of anthocyanin, a natural pigment dye in decorative cosmetic formulations, especially for blusher. Compact powder blusher has the advantage of easy to use and has a better adhesion to the skin. Isopropyl myristate is a binder that is commonly used for compact powder blusher because of its properties which can increase adhesivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of isopropyl myristate as a binder on physical quality and effectiveness and to determine the best formula that fulfil the requirement of the physical quality, effectiveness, safety and acceptability. The compact powder blusher containing water extract of Syzygum cumini was formulated using wet granulation method with varying concentrations of isopropyl myristate 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0%. The Evaluation of the product includes organoleptic, homogeneity, particle size, pH, friability and hardness, rubbing test, irritation test and acceptability test. The results showed an increase in the concentration of isopropyl myristate had a significant effect on decreasing the pH value, decreasing particle size, and affecting the ability of the blusher to be smeared. The compact powder blusher with 0.75% isopropyl myristate was the best formula that meets the specifications based on physical quality, effectiveness, and safety parameters