Horace Greeley, Presidential Candidate: A Floridian\u27s View

In the presidential election of 1872, Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, was the candidate of the Liberal Republican Party and of the Democratic Party. Nominated first by the Liberal Republicans at their convention in Cincinnati, Greeley had been named by the Democrats at Baltimore in July, 1872. The Democrats not only adopted the candidate of the Liberal Republicans but also adopted their platform verbatim

Field Investigation of Damage to Islamic Monuments Caused by the Egyptian Earthquake of October 12, 1992

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154130/1/39015094007583.pd

Men’s Involvement in a Parenting Programme to Reduce Child Maltreatment and Gender-Based Violence: Formative Evaluation in Uganda

AbstractParenting programmes involving fathers can reduce child maltreatment and gender-based violence. However, most parenting programmes find it difficult to recruit fathers. We piloted a 21 session parenting intervention, ‘Parenting for Respectability’, with fathers and mothers near Kampala, Uganda. Sixty-one fathers and 83 mothers were recruited initially and 52 fathers and 76 mothers retained to the end. We interviewed with 24 fathers and 16 mothers. Data were analysed thematically. Success in involving fathers was probably due to (a) the first 10 sessions being father-only, allowing them to share experiences before participating in mixed-sex sessions; (b) exploiting men’s pre-existing motivation to improve their children’s behaviour, thereby enhancing family respectability; and (c) the interactive, participatory delivery. Mixed sessions enabled couples to clarify conflicting perspectives regarding spousal relationships and gendered norms. However, men experienced social pressure to conform to conventional masculinity, suggesting the need to instil intervention values at community level. </jats:p

Scope and significance of non-uniform classification practices in breast cancer with non-inflammatory skin involvement: a clinicopathologic study and an international survey

Background: The study evaluates the scope of non-uniform classification practices concerning breast carcinomas with non-inflammatory skin involvement. Patients and methods: We compared the clinical course of patients with histologically proven non-inflammatory skin involvement: 119 (65.4%) with clinically obvious ‘classical' skin changes (Group A) and 63 (34.6%) with no or only discreet changes (Group B). A questionnaire was circulated to pathology departments in 24 countries to assess the practice concerning the placement of skin- involved breast carcinomas in the TNM classification. Results: Patients in Group B showed a significantly better disease specific survival (P = 0.0002). Eighty-six respondents (70.5%) of the survey preferred the ‘histological view' and classified tumors with only histological proven skin involvement as T4b/stage IIIB. The opposing classification principle (‘clinical view'), which dictates that T4b breast cancer is a clinical diagnosis and the classical signs must be present, was supported by 31 respondents (25.4%). Conclusions: A large number of breast cancer patients with non-inflammatory skin involvement are only histologically proven and show, compared with cases exhibiting the classical clinical signs, significant differences in clinical course and prognosis. In general, both subsets were aggregated in one T category/stage (T4b/IIIB). This results in a considerable distortion of the reported statistical dat

YY1 negatively regulates mouse myelin proteolipid protein (Plp1) gene expression in oligodendroglial cells

YY1 (Yin and Yang 1) is a multifunctional, ubiquitously expressed, zinc finger protein that can act as a transcriptional activator, repressor, or initiator element binding protein. Previous studies have shown that YY1 modulates the activity of reporter genes driven by the myelin PLP (proteolipid protein) (PLP1/Plp1) promoter. However, it is known that Plp1 intron 1 DNA contains regulatory elements that are required for the dramatic increase in gene activity, coincident with the active myelination period of CNS (central nervous system) development. The intron in mouse contains multiple prospective YY1 target sites including one within a positive regulatory module called the ASE (anti-silencer/enhancer) element. Results presented here demonstrate that YY1 has a negative effect on the activity of a Plp1-lacZ fusion gene [PLP(+)Z] in an immature oligodendroglial cell line (Oli-neu) that is mediated through sequences present in Plp1 intron 1 DNA. Yet YY1 does not bind to its alleged site in the ASE (even though the protein is capable of recognizing a target site in the promoter), indicating that the down-regulation of PLP(+)Z activity by YY1 in Oli-neu cells does not occur through a direct interaction of YY1 with the ASE sequence. Previous studies with Yy1 conditional knockout mice have demonstrated that YY1 is essential for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors. Nevertheless, the current study suggests that YY1 functions as a repressor (not an activator) of Plp1 gene expression in immature oligodendrocytes. Perhaps YY1 functions to keep the levels of PLP in check in immature cells before vast quantities of the protein are needed in mature myelinating oligodendrocytes

Effect of head size and rotation on taper corrosion in a hip simulator

Aims This study investigates head-neck taper corrosion with varying head size in a novel hip simulator instrumented to measure corrosion related electrical activity under torsional loads. Methods In all, six 28 mm and six 36 mm titanium stem-cobalt chrome head pairs with polyethylene sockets were tested in a novel instrumented hip simulator. Samples were tested using simulated gait data with incremental increasing loads to determine corrosion onset load and electrochemical activity. Half of each head size group were then cycled with simulated gait and the other half with gait compression only. Damage was measured by area and maximum linear wear depth. Results Overall, 36 mm heads had lower corrosion onset load (p = 0.009) and change in open circuit potential (OCP) during simulated gait with (p = 0.006) and without joint movement (p = 0.004). Discontinuing gait’s joint movement decreased corrosion currents (p = 0.042); however, wear testing showed no significant effect of joint movement on taper damage. In addition, 36 mm heads had greater corrosion area (p = 0.050), but no significant difference was found for maximum linear wear depth (p = 0.155). Conclusion Larger heads are more susceptible to taper corrosion; however, not due to frictional torque as hypothesized. An alternative hypothesis of taper flexural rigidity differential is proposed. Further studies are necessary to investigate the clinical significance and underlying mechanism of this finding