79 research outputs found
Influence of different process parameters on deformation velocity in laser shock forming
In laser shock forming TEA-CO_2-laser induced shock waves are used to form metal foils, such as aluminum or copper. The process utilizes an initiated plasma shock wave on the target surface, which leads to a forming of the foil. Several pulses can be applied at one point in order to achieve a high forming degree without increasing the energy density beyond the ablation limit. During the process, pressure peaks in range of MPa can be achieved. In this article, the dependence of deformation velocity in laser shock forming on various materials as well as laser pulse intensities was determined experimentally for a laser shock bending process. In order to categorize these influences a theoretical model for deformation velocity based on the energy balance is proposed, which allows the evaluation of the influencing variables
Forming Behaviour in Laser Shock Drawing
Through the continuing trend of miniaturization new cost efficient and fast methods for processing small parts are required. In this paper a new non-mechanical process for the forming process of micro deep drawing is presented. This new deep drawing process utilizes a laser initiated plasma shock wave at the target, which forms the sheet. Several pulses can be applied at one point and therefore high forming degrees can be reached without increasing the energy density. In this paper the pressure of the shock wave is measured in order to enable optimizations of the process in future. Furthermore a distribution of the thickness over the deep drawn cups will be introduced. Finally laser deep drawing of samples made out of Al99.5, Cu and stainless steel sheet metal with thicknesses of 20 Β΅m and 50 Β΅m are shown
Corrosion and wear behaviour of alumina coatings obtained by various methods
Alumina coatings are widely used in a range of industrial applications to improve corrosion protection, wear and erosion resistance and thermal insulation of metallic surfaces. From various efficient and adjustable processes refined alumina surfaces with long-term use are obtained. It can be seen that cost-efficient arc-sprayed Al coatings post-treated by plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO) form AlβOβ-layers with remarkable corrosion protection, hardness, bonding strength and abrasion resistance as well as extended service time. The properties of these coatings are compared to alumina coatings obtained by flame spraying and atmospheric plasma spraying.ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡ, Π·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ- ΡΠ° Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ½Ρ. Π ΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ AlβOβ Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π°Π±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡ
Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ.ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΈ AlβOβ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°Π±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Auditory verbal hallucinations and childhood trauma subtypes across the psychosis continuum:a cluster analysis
Introduction: A strong link between voice-hearing experience and childhood trauma has been established. The aim of this study was to identify whether there were unique clusters of childhood trauma subtypes in a sample across the clinical spectrum of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) and to examine clinical and phenomenological features across these clusters. Methods: Combining two independent international datasets (the Netherlands and Australia), childhood trauma subtypes were examined using hierarchical cluster analysis. Clinical and phenomenological characteristics were compared across emerging clusters using MANOVA and chi-squared analyses. Results: The total sample (n = 413) included 166 clinical individuals with a psychotic disorder and AVH, 122 non-clinical individuals with AVH and 125 non-clinical individuals without AVH. Three clusters emerged: (1) low trauma (n = 299); (2) emotion-focused trauma (n = 71); (3) multi-trauma (n = 43). The three clusters differed significantly on their AVH ratings of amount of negative content, with trend-level effects for loudness, degree of negative content and degree of experienced distress. Furthermore, perceptions of voices being malevolent, benevolent and resistance towards voices differed significantly. Conclusion: The data revealed different types of childhood trauma had different relationships between clinical and phenomenological features of voice-hearing experiences. Thus, implicating different mechanistic pathways and a need for tailored treatment approaches
Use of cellulose fibers from hemp core in fiber-cement production. Effect on flocculation, retention, drainage and product properties
Cellulosic films obtained from the treatment of sugarcane bagasse fibers with N -methylmorpholine- N -oxide (NMMO)
Ethanol/water organosolv pulping was used to obtain sugarcane bagasse pulp
that was bleached with sodium chlorite. This bleached pulp was used to obtain cellulosic
films that were further evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A good film
formation was observed when temperature of 74 Β°C and baths of distilled water were used,
which after FTIR, TGA, and SEM analysis indicated no significant difference between the
reaction times. The results showed this to be an interesting and promising process,
combining the prerequisites for a more efficient utilization of agro-industrial residues.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa
do Estado de SΓ£o Paulo (FAPESP), (CNPq), and Coordenação de AperfeiΓ§oamento de Pessoal de NΓvel Superior (CAPES), Brazil; Fundação para a CiΓͺncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) and CEMU
ExtrusΓ£o de compΓ³sitos de PP com fibras curtas de coco: efeito da temperatura e agentes de acoplamento
The efficacy of duloxetine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids in osteoarthritis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
A quantitative evaluation of a Network on Chip design flow for multi-core consumer multimedia applications
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