1,244 research outputs found
Partners with God: A Celebration of Human Sexuality
Reviewed Book: Thomas, David. Partners with God: A Celebration of Human Sexuality. Winfield, BC: Wood Lake Books, 1988
Earth Trojan asteroids: A study in support of observational searches
Observational searches for asteroids orbiting near Earth's triangular
Lagrange points face unique obstacles. A population of such asteroids would
occupy a large projected area on the sky (possibly hundreds of square degrees)
and is not favorably placed with respect to the Sun. Here we examine the
properties of synthetic populations of Earth ``Trojans'' in order to aid in the
optimization of observational searches for them. We find that the highest
on-sky projected number densities are not located at the positions of the L4
and L5 points themselves, but rather a few degrees closer to the Sun. Also,
asteroids on orbits about the L4 and L5 points typically brighten as the
difference between their ecliptic longitude and that of the Sun increases owing
to phase effects, but their number density on the sky concurrently falls
rapidly.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables. Submitted to Icaru
A long-lived horseshoe companion to the Earth
We present a dynamical investigation of a newly found asteroid, 2010 SO16,
and the discovery that it is a horseshoe companion of the Earth. The object's
absolute magnitude (H=20.7) makes this the largest object of its type known
to-date. By carrying out numerical integrations of dynamical clones, we find
that (a) its status as a horseshoe is secure given the current accuracy of its
ephemeris, and (b) the time spent in horseshoe libration with the Earth is
several times 10^5 yr, two orders of magnitude longer than determined for other
horseshoe asteroids of the Earth. Further, using a model based on Hill's
approximation to the three-body problem, we show that, apart from the low
eccentricity which prevents close encounters with other planets or the Earth
itself, its stability can be attributed to the value of its Jacobi constant far
from the regime that allows transitions into other coorbital modes or escape
from the resonance altogether. We provide evidence that the eventual escape of
the asteroid from horseshoe libration is caused by the action of planetary
secular perturbations and the stochastic evolution of the eccentricity. The
questions of its origin and the existence of as-yet-undiscovered co-orbital
companions of the Earth are discussed.Comment: Accepted in MNRAS; 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Deep residual learning in CT physics: scatter correction for spectral CT
Recently, spectral CT has been drawing a lot of attention in a variety of
clinical applications primarily due to its capability of providing quantitative
information about material properties. The quantitative integrity of the
reconstructed data depends on the accuracy of the data corrections applied to
the measurements. Scatter correction is a particularly sensitive correction in
spectral CT as it depends on system effects as well as the object being imaged
and any residual scatter is amplified during the non-linear material
decomposition. An accurate way of removing scatter is subtracting the scatter
estimated by Monte Carlo simulation. However, to get sufficiently good scatter
estimates, extremely large numbers of photons is required, which may lead to
unexpectedly high computational costs. Other approaches model scatter as a
convolution operation using kernels derived using empirical methods. These
techniques have been found to be insufficient in spectral CT due to their
inability to sufficiently capture object dependence. In this work, we develop a
deep residual learning framework to address both issues of computation
simplicity and object dependency. A deep convolution neural network is trained
to determine the scatter distribution from the projection content in training
sets. In test cases of a digital anthropomorphic phantom and real water
phantom, we demonstrate that with much lower computing costs, the proposed
network provides sufficiently accurate scatter estimation
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