SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre in Krakow, Poland

The SOLARIS synchrotron located in Krakow, Poland, is a third-generation light source operating at medium electron energy. The first synchrotron light was observed in 2015, and the consequent development of infrastructure lead to the first users’ experiments at soft X-ray energies in 2018. Presently, SOLARIS expands its operation towards hard X-rays with continuous developments of the beamlines and concurrent infrastructure. In the following, we will summarize the SOLARIS synchrotron design, and describe the beamlines and research infrastructure together with the main performance parameters, upgrade, and development plans

Solaris a new class of low energy and high brightness light source

Solaris is a third generation light source built and commissioned at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. It is a replica of the MAX IV 1.5 GeV storage ring and part of its injector. The commissioning of the storage ring started in May 2015. First light at the bending magnet beamline front end was observed after two weeks of optimisation. After one year of commissioning excellent performance of the Solaris synchrotron has been achieved. Injection into the storage ring occurs at the designed electron energy of 525 MeV, next the beam is ramped to the final energy of 1.5 GeV. Beam optics has been adjusted to be close to the design one. Solaris is operating at a working point of (11.22, 3.15) and with a corrected chromaticity of (+0.93, +0.91). Recently over 600 mA of beam current was stored for injection energy. The vacuum system of the storage ring is still being conditioned. After about 90 A.h of beam cleaning dose the total beam lifetime at 100 mA is approaching 11 h at 1.5 GeV. So far two beamlines have been constructed. The UV angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (UARPES) beamline with a photon energy range from 8 eV to 100 eV, is in commissioning since April 2016 and the soft X-ray spectroscopy dedicated PEEM/XAS beamline from a bending magnet source, which is at the end of its installation phase. This paper reports on the current status of the Solaris facility and the commissioning results