PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN OBAT DAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENGAMBILAN OBAT PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS ROWOREJO KABUPATEN PESAWARAN LAMPUNG

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a disease that contributes to death by 29.8%, factors that cause an increase in the prevalence of hypertension include patient compliance, compliance itself is influenced by one's behavior factors, one of which is knowledge. This study aims to look at the effect of the level of knowledge on the compliance of taking drugs with hypertension in Roworejo Public Health Center, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung. This research is a descriptive analysis research, conducted by giving a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability and has obtained ethical permission from the ethics committee of Malahayati University, Bandar Lampung with No.485 / EC / Kep-UNMAL / VII / 2019. The level of compliance with drug taking can be seen from the recap of prescriptions for hypertension in April-June 2019. The category of adherence level uses the formula MPR (Medication Possession Ratio) which is <80% categorized as non-compliant and> 80% categorized as compliant. The data is then analyzed using linear regression, if the significant value <0.05 means that there is an influence between the variable X on the Y variable, if the significant value> 0.05 means that there is no influence between the variable X on the Y variable. The results showed that the most hypertensive patients aged> 60 years 81%, female sex 59%. The level of knowledge of the respondents mostly had medium knowledge 98% and high knowledge 2%. The level of compliance with respondent's drug taking was only 3% of respondents who were compliant and 97% of respondents were not compliant From the results of linear regression analysis in this study showed that the value of Significant value 0.000> 0.05, which can be concluded that there is an influence between the variable level of knowledge of the level of compliance with drug taking. Keywords: Hypertension, Compliance with drug uptake, Knowledge, MPR, Roworejo

RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI RAWAT INAP DI RS DAERAH Dr. A. DADI TJOKRODIPO BANDAR LAMPUNG

Abstract Hypertension is one of non contagious diseases marked by the increase of systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg. Hypertension becomes the main risk factor of other cardiovascular diseases. The number of hypertension occurance with or without companion increases every year. The purpose of this research is to know the rationality of anti - hypertension medicine usage on hypertension inpatients at RSUD of Dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo Bandar Lampung year of 2019 based on precise patient, precise indication, precise medicine, and precise dosage using reference standard of Guidelines JNCVIII. This research was a descriptive research with data collection of medical record retrospectively. The technique of sample selection used purposive sampling technique. The research results obtained from 82 samples based on the patients’ characteristics of genders such as 50 female patients (60,98%) and 42 male patients (39,02%). The patients’ characteristics based on age obtain mostly the patients are at age of 46-55 years old in the amount of 39 patients (47,6%). The patients’ characteristics based on the pattern of medicine usage obtain the most anti-hypertension used is amlodipin CCB class in the amount of 54 patients (45%). Rationality evaluation of anti-hypertension medicine usage obtains precise patient in the amount of 81 patients (99,8%), precise indication in the amount of 82 patients (100%), precise medicine in the amount of 61 patients (74,4%), and precise dosage in the amount of 82 patients (100%). The conclusion of this research is the usage of hypertension on the hypertension inpatients at Public Hospital of Dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo Bandar Lampung is already rational. Keywords: Anti-hypertension, Hypertension, Rationality of Medicine Usag

ANALISIS WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RESEP PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK PROVINSI LAMPUNG

Abstract Pharmaceutical services are health services in hospitals that are expected to meet minimum service standards (SPM) in an effort to improve the quality of services to patients. One of the pharmaceutical service categories in the minimum service standard (SPM) in hospitals is the waiting time for prescription services in the form of nonconcoction drugs is the grace period from the time the patient submits a prescription to receiving non-concoction drugs with a minimum standard set by the Ministry of Health that is ≤ 30 minutes, whereas the waiting time for prescription concoction services is the grace period from the time the patient submits the prescription until receiving the concoction drug that is ≤ 60 minutes. This research was conducted to analyze the waiting time for outpatient prescription services in Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek based on hospital minimum service standards (SPM) as an overview of prescription services, evaluation materials and pilots in an effort to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services. This research will be conducted at the pharmacy outpatients Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek in August - September 2019 with a sample of 172 recipes, consisting of 98 non-concoction recipes and 74 recipe concoctions. Based on the research that has been done, the results of waiting time for non-concoction prescription services in the Outpatient Installation of Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek is in accordance with the SPM at the Hospital with an average waiting time of 11 minutes. Waiting time for prescription concoction services in Dr. Outpatient Hospital Installation H. Abdul Moeloek is in accordance with the SPM at the Hospital with an average waiting time of 19.4 minutes. Keywords: Pharmaceutical services, waiting time, pharmaceutical service standards

ANALISA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN OBAT INFLUENZA DAN BATUK SECARA SWAMEDIKASI DI DESA MUARA BURNAI I KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ILIR

Abtract Many Indonesian people do self-medication as an attempt to treat complaints / pain they experience, the benefit of self-medication is safe when used according to the rules, effective for eliminating complaints, cost efficiency, can play a role in making therapeutic decisions, self-medication is usually done to overcome complaints and minor illnesses that are often experienced by people, such as fever, pain, dizziness, cough, influenza, ulcers, intestinal worms, diarrhea, skin diseases and others. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and behavior towards the use of influenza drugs and cough by self-medication in Muara Burnai I Village, Ogan Komering Ilir district. The research analyzed was descriptive observational. The sampling technique uses the accindental sampling method. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The results of the analysis of the level of knowledge and behavior analysis showed that there was a relationship between the level of knowledge and the behavior of influenza drug use and cough by self-medication was analyzed using the Chi-Square test sample of 100 respondents. The results of this study indicate that 36% have high knowledge and 64% have low knowledge in self-influencing and cough swamedication while 43% have high behavior and 57% have low behavior in influenza and cough swamedication in Muara Burnai I Village, Ogan Komering Ilir District. Based on the Chi-Square test results showed that the value of p = 0,000 (0.05). Shows that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and swamedication behavior in Muara Burnai I Village, Ogan Komering Ilir district. Keywords : Influenza and cough, drug use behavior, swamedication, knowledge level

UJI EFEK STIMULAN FRAKSI N-HEKSAN DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.)Urban)

Abstract Current condition related to fulfilling stimulating in the societies is by energy drinks and vitamins which have side effects restless, nervous, tremor, and seizures. Alternative stimulant can derived from herbs. One of the plants has potention of stimulant is Centella asiatica. This study was to examine the effect of stimulant on fraction n-hexane of C.asiatica leaves. The simplisia of C.asiatica leaves was extracted with ethanol 70% using a maceration method. Thereafter, extract was fractionated using n-hexane. Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the content of secondary metabolites in order to find out the potential utilization by testing the active compounds. Stimulant effect was evaluated using induced sleeping time, swimming endurance time, hanging time, and rotarod method with the dose 2.59 mg/KgBW, 5.185mg/KgBW, 10.37 mg/KgBW, and 15.55 mg/KgBW, caffeine as the positive control, and Na-CMC as the negative control. The phytochemical screening showed positive results for  triterpenoids and alcaloid. All of the dose fraction n-hexane had effect stimulant however dose 5.185 mg/KgBW and 10.37 mg/KgBW had as same stimulant effect as positive control and dose15.55 mg/BW had higher stimulant effect. N-hexane fractionation of C.asiatica leaves demonstrated the presence of secondary metabolites with potential biological activities as stimulant. Keywords: Alkaloids, C. asiatica, Triterpenoids, Stimulants tes

UJI KADAR NITRIT PADA DAGING BURGER DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS

Daging merupakan salah satu sumber makanan yang berasal dari hewani dan memiliki cita rasa yang khas serta kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Dari berbagai cara pengolahan daging, daging burger merupakan salah satu produk olahan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Sebagai bahan pengawet pada daging burger digunakan nitrit, untuk memperpanjang waktu simpan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar nitrit pada daging burger dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Sebagai pelarut digunakan asam sulfanilat bereaksi dengan asam nitrit membentuk garam diazonium kemudian ditambah pelarut naftilamin membentuk senyawa azo yang berwarna ungu, lalu diukur absorbansinya pada panjang gelombang 531 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar rata-rata nitrit pada masing- masing sampel A ,B, C, D, E, F secara berurutan adalah 123,95 mg/kg, 30,14 mg/kg, 195,25 mg/kg, 105,74 mg/kg, 20,85 mg/kg dan 16,14 mg/kg. Dari ke enam sampel, ada 4 sampel yang memiliki kandungan nitrit melebihi ambang batas maksimum penggunaan bahan pengawet pada makanan menurut Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor 36 Tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 30 mg/kg untuk produk daging olahan. Hanya sampel C yang memiliki kadar nitrit melebihi batas maksimum persyaratan berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 1168/Menkes/Per/X/1999, yaitu 125 mg/kg. Kata Kunci : Daging burger, Nitrit, Spektrofotometri UV-Vi

Formulasi Sediaan Pewarna Pipi Dari Ekstrak Daun Jawer Kotok (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br) Dalam Bentuk Compact Powder

Blush on was cosmetic used to color the cheeks so that it can improve fresh impression in makeup. Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br has anthocyanin content could be used as a natural dye. This research aims to make a rouge from Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extract in the form of compact powder. To get Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extraction we had to macerate 3 kilogram Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br into 96% etanol liquid then the maserate is evaporated with rotary evaporator to obtained thick extract. Further more rouge were formulated with kaolin, talc, zinc stearate, oleum rosae, isopropyl myristate, lanolin, and nipagin. Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extract with variations in concentration 6% (F1), 8% (F2) and 10% (F3). After that could be evaluated (color dispersion test, crack test, polishing test, irritation test, hedonic test, and stability test. The results from Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extract result color light brown for F1, red brown for F2 and dark red for F3. Based on the test result all formulation had a homogeny color, not cracked in the crack test qualify for the irritation test. Dosage formulations with concentration 10% many liked. While on the method low temperature stability all preparations no changed organoleptic (color, smell and shape) but in the test high temperature stability of all formulations the preparation has a slight discoloration at thefourth week. The color looks faded not like the beginning. It is because the content of anthocyanin contained in Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extract decreases. Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br extract cannot be formulated as a rouge because does not give color in the polish test, powder is rough so the color cannot stick to the skin.  Keywords : Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br, Coleus atropurpureus (L.) Benth, rounge, formulatio

Formulasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Krim Fraksi Etanol Bunga Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Penyebab Jerawat

Papaya flowers in the community are believed to be antidiabetics, prevent cancer, lower cholesterol, and as antibacterial. Based on its antibacterial properties, the ethanol fraction of papaya flowers will be made in the form of cream preparations. This study aims to find out the activity of papaya flower ethanol fraction cream preparations against the bland growth power of acne-causing Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Ethanol fractions of papaya flower are formulated into cream preparations with fraction concentrations of F1 (2%), F2 (4%), F3 (6%), and F4 (8%) using oil phases (stearic acid, paraffin liquidum, and adeps lanae), water phase (TEA and aquadest) and preservatives (methyl parabens). Furthermore, the cream tested antibacterial activity and physical properties include homogeneity, organoleptic, pH, viscosity, scattering power, adocity and stability. The results showed F1, F2, F3, and F4 each had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria as evidenced by the presence of bland zones in F1 (17.35 mm), F2 (17.77 mm), F3 (18.90 mm), and F4 (19.73 mm). The resulting data is normal and homogeneous distributed data so that the results of the ANOVA test show a significant difference of 0.0000 (p ≤ 0.05) and Tukey Post Hoc test results are obtained significant differences between formulas. The results of the evaluation of cream preparations on observation of homogeneity are less stable and organoleptic have stable results, pH values of 5.62-6.62, viscosity of 4122-4432 cps, scatter power of 5.13-5.70 cm, and akat for 4.86-6.43 seconds. Cycling tests showed stable results in F1, F2 and F3 and less stable in F4. The conclusion of this research is that the formulation ethanol fraction of papaya flower cream preparations has activity against the inhibition of the growth of acne-causing Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.  Keywords: Acne, Antibacterial, Carica papaya, Cream, Fraction, Papaya Flowe

EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PENDERITA DIARE AKUT PASIEN PEDIATRI DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT ADVENT BANDAR LAMPUNG PERIODE JULI – DESEMBER 2019

Abstract Acute diarrhea is diarrhea that lasts less than 14 days. Regarding its severity, acute diarrhea is classified as mild, moderate or severe. Mild when signs of dehydration are not observed, moderate when there are mild or moderate signs of dehydration and rehydration can be done orally and severely when it results in more intense dehydration with or without electrolyte disturbances, and requires intravenous therapy. Diarrhea disease in the Inpatient Installation Bandar Lampung Adventist Hospital is the 10 biggest diseases and has never been evaluated on the use of drugs in pediatric patients. This study aims to evaluate the use of drugs in patients with acute diarrhea inpatients installation at the Bandar Lampung Adventist Hospital calculated from July to December 2019 data. This research is a descriptive study with retrospective data collection. The data collection process begins by tracing medical records of acute diarrhea patients. The population of acute diarrhea cases was 152 patients and then the number of samples obtained was then selected according to the inclusion criteria as a sample of 60 patients. From the research results it is known that the use of drugs in patients with acute diarrhea in pediatric patients includes antibiotics, electrolyte solutions, analgesic/antipyretics, antidiarrheals and other drugs (antihistamines, supplements and probiotics). The validation of drug use on the right indicators, the right patient and the right dose has reached 100%, the right indicator is 37% and the drug is 63% incorrect, this is due to the use of antibiotics without laboratory results that show acute diarrhea due to infection. Keywords: acute diarrhea, evaluation of drug use, pediatri

FRAKSI ETANOL EKSTRAK KULIT DURIAN (Durio zibethinus L.) SEBAGAI ANTIFUNGI TERHADAP Trichophyton mentagrophytes DAN Candida albicans

Durian is a fruit that is in demand by the community, but during durian season environmental problems arise due to waste from skin of durian. The aimed of the study was to prove the antifungal activity of the ethanol fraction of durian skin against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans and to determine the active active compounds inhibiting T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans fungi. Durian skin was extracted by maceration method, then fractionated used ethanol, chloroform, and n-hexane solvents. Ethanol fraction was tested on T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans fungi used the disc method with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, distilled water as a negative control, ketoconazole as a positive control. The best inhibition zone is fungi T. mentagrophytes concentration 100% ( 9.23 mm) negative control (0 mm), positive control (32.96 mm), fungi C. albicans the best inhibition zone is concentration of 100% (8.30 mm), positive control (17.17 mm) negative controls (0 mm).The ethanol fraction was screened by the Thin Layer Chromatography method and positively contained flavonoids (rf 0.7), tannins (rf 0.58), saponins (rf 0.76) and alkaloids (rf 0.64). Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of T. mentagrophytes were 7% and C. albicans were 8%. The most effective active compound growht of T. mentagrophytes is tannins (rf 0.7) and for C. albicans is flavonoid (rf 0.6). The ethanol fraction of durian bark extract has antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans. Keywords: Antifungi, Candida albicans, ethanol fraction skin of durian, Trichophytonmentagrophyte