CATCH RATE AND CATCH COMPOSITION OF FISH TRAWL BASED IN SIBOLGA, NORTH SUMATERA

To obtain data and information of fish trawl fishery performance operated in the Indian Ocean, a research was carried out through observation on board by observers as well as port sampling inSibolga Fishing Port by enumerators in September 2007, with the aimed to study the performance fish trawl fishery. These include fleet structure, trawl net design and construction, catch, fishing trip, fishing ground, and fishing operation. Results of research showed that there were 71 registered fish trawlers in Sibolga Fishing Port and only 25 boats active due to increasing of fuel price. The fleet structure of fish trawler consist of boat with size 31-114 GT which can be classified into 3 categories i.e. small(<60 GT), medium (60-150 GT), and large fish trawler (>150 GT). Design and construction of fish trawl net indicated that fish trawl net operates in the Indian Ocean was high opening trawl with head and ground rope of 27.8-41.5 m and 29,7-45.8 m, respectively. Fishing trip generally 10-12 days with effective days 7-9 days per trip and the number of net setting was 5-6 times each day. The fishing grounds of fish trawl based in Sibolga were the coastal waters area with maximum depth of 91 m. At least 40 species of fishes and shrimps identified during research and dominant fish species was ponyfish (Leiognathus spp.) threadfin bream (Nemipterus spp.), tall fin goatfish (Upeneus spp.), seacatfish (Arius sp.) as well as yellow striped goatfish (Upeneus vitattus). The average of catch of fish trawler fleet in the year of 2007 was 249.3 kg/haul and that number seems smaller than average of catch/haul previous years. This situation indicates that decreasing of catch per haul of fish trawlers based in Sibolga continues occurring and in other hand price of fuel raises significantly so that big fish trawlers size 150 GT with engine power more than 600 HP are not able to continue their fishing operation

PERIKANAN PARI ARTISANAL DI LAUT JAWA

Penelitian mengenai perikanan pari artisanal di perairan Laut Jawa telah dilakukan dalam tahun 2002- 2003 melalui: (i) observasi di pusat-pusat pendaratan ikan (DKl Jakarta, Cirebon, Pekalongan, Juwana, dan Brondong), (ii) observasi di atas kapal, dan (iii) enumerator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat tangkap penting pada perikanan pari artisanal berupa jaring dogol, jaring liongbun, dan pancing senggol

PERIKANAN CUCUT ARTISANAL DI PERAIRAN SAMUDERA HINDIA SELATAN JAWA DAN LOMBOK

Penelitian mengenai perikanan cucut artisanal di perairan Samudera Hindia selatan Jawa dan Lombok telah dilakukan dari Juni 2000 sampai dengan Mei 2001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat tangkap pada perikanan cucut artisanal berupa pancing rawai cucut, jaring insang hanyut, dan gabungan jaring insang hanyut dan pancing rawai

SIZE AND FISHING GROUND OFWAHOO (Acanthocybium solandri Cuvier, 1832) FROM CATCH DATA OF TUNA LONGLINE OPERATED IN INDIAN OCEAN

Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri Cuvier, 1832) is a member of the Scombrid family, is a pelagic (open ocean) species found worldwide in tropical and warm-temperate seas. It is fished throughout its range by artisanal, recreational, and commercial. Wahoo is one of the by-product species of the tuna long line fleets operate in Indian Ocean. This paper describes status of wahoo resource caught by tuna long line in Indian Ocean based at Benoa-Bali. Data obtained from onboard observer program on the tuna long liner based at Benoa-Bali during 2005-2010. Total of 85 trips of onboard observation were carried out with the total long line sets (one set per day) were 2873 times. The data covered the horizontal and vertical position of tuna long line hooks caught the wahoo, hook rate and fish size distribution. Data of horizontal fishing positions (coordinates) gained from the global positioning system availabled in the tuna long liners. The depth of the long line gear in the waters and teperature of waters were measured by mini-loggers TDR type SP2T-1200, brand: NKE Micrel. Hook rate of wahoo is calculated using the Klawe (1986) method. Result of research showed that the wahoos caught by tuna long lines based at Benoa spread horizontally between 1o31’-33o 40’S and 77o18’-117o53’E and spread vertically between the depth of 75.2- 285.7 m. From 85 tuna long line fishing trips, only about 50% of 85 tuna long line fishing trips caught wahoo with hook rate ranged 0.947-1.399 per 1000 hooks/setting. Size distribution of wahoo ranged 70-180cm with modus ranged 101-110cm

CATCH AND EFFORT INFORMATION FOR ALBACORE TUNA (THUNNUS ALALUNGA) BY INDONESIA’S LONGLINERS OPERATING FROM BENOA

Albacore (Thunnus alalunga - ALB) catch was the second highest tuna landed at Benoa Fishing Port and they are mostly landed as frozen bycatch. This paper attempts to provide information on ALB catch and effort trends by Benoa based longline vessels collected by the Benoa Port-based Catch Monitoring and Scientific Observer Programs. The ALB catch landed at the Benoa Fishing Port in 2010 was estimated by the Research Institute for Tuna Fisheries (RITF) to be about 983.14 tons, whereas based on the Indonesian Tuna Long Line Association (ATLI), ALB catch landed at Benoa Fishing Port in 2010 amounted of 2,715.42 tons. This discrepancy was due to sampling for frozen catch (including ALB) could not be conducted in some companies and also there was one company that sell their catch direct to the collector. The observed longline sets were concentrated within the area between 10° - 20°S and 105° - 120°E. Since 2008, the observed setting positions have never extended to south of 20°S. The higher catch rates of ALB were in area south of 15°S

CATCH AND SIZE OF BULLET AND FRIGATE TUNA CAUGHT BY USING DRIFTING GILLNET IN INDIAN OCEAN OF INDONESIA BASED AT CILACAP FISHING PORT

Pelagic fishes such as bullet and frigate tuna in the Indian Ocean were caught in Indian Ocean of Indonesian jurisdiction using various fishing gears including, drifting gillnet and landed in various fishing port in along coastal of west Sumatera (Banda Aceh, Pariaman, Bungus/Padang and Painan) as well as south Java, Bali and Nusatenggara (Muarabaru/Jakarta, Pelabuhanratu, Cilacap, Kedonganan, Benoa). In Cilacap, tuna drifting gillnet fishery is fishing bullet and frigate tuna as by product. The current work describes the catch and size distribution of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei Risso, 1810) and frigate tuna (Auxis thazard Lacepède, 1800) caught by drifting gillnet based at Cilacap Fishing Port. Data and information obtained through catch monitoring, port sampling and landing report of Cilacap Fishing Port 2011 as well as from Capture Fisheries Statistics of Indonesia 2010. The catch estimation of bullet and frigate tuna on drifting gillnet fishery is about 3.220 and 47.346 tons respectively. The catch rate of drifting gillnets on the frigate tuna was 0.364 mt/trip in 2006 decreased to 0.054 mt/trip in 2011 (decreased average 17% per year). The catch rate of drifting gillnets on the bullet tuna was also decreased from 0.178 mt/trip in 2006 to 0.013 mt/ trip in 2011. The FL of bullet and frigate tuna ranged respectively between 16-39cm and 25-46cm. Both species were mostly caught by drifting gillnet in adult size condition

KARAKTERISTIK BIOLOGI IKAN TONGKOL KOMO (EUTHYNNUS AFFINIS) YANG TERTANGKAP JARING INSANG HANYUT DI LAUT JAWA

Tahun 2015 telah dilakukan penelitian tongkol komo (Euthynnus affinis) yang tertangkap jaring insang hanyut berukuran mata jaring 4 inci di Laut Jawa berbasis di PPI Karangsong Indramayu. PPI Karangsong adalah basis perikanan jaring insang di Indramayu dengan daerah penangkapan utama di perairan Laut Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biologi yang meliputi: distribusi ukuran,  ukuran pertama kali matang gonada (Lm) dan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) dan parameter biologi lainnya yaitu hubungan panjang (FL)-bobot (W) ikan dan nisbah kelamin.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi ukuran  ikan antara 27 – 58 cmFL (rata-rata 45,5) dengan median 44 cmFL, Lm tongkol jantan  45,8 cmFL dan betina 43,2 cmFL, ukuran Lc 44,5 cmFL, hubungan panjang-bobot menurut persamaan W= 0,0636 L2,6497 (r2=0,8409) dengan nisbah kelamin jantan: betina 52 : 48 %.A research of kawa-kawa (Euthynnus affinis) caught by 4 inche mesh size drifting gillnets operate in Jawa Sea waters based at Karangsong-Indramayu has been carried out in 2015. Karangsong is a gill net fishery based in Indramayu with a major fishing area in the waters of the Java Sea. The aim of research is to determine the biological carachteristics wich cover: size distribution, length of first matured (Lm) and length of first captured (Lc), L-W relationship and sex ratio.  The result show that length distribution ranged 27-58 (ave. 45.5) with median 44 cmFL, the Lm of male and female of kawa-kawa were 45.8 cmFL and 43,2 cmFL respectively and the Lc was 44.5 cmFL, L-W relationship was W= 0.0636 L2.,6497(r2=0.8409), and sex ratio male : female was 52 : 48 %

PERIKANAN TUNA YANG BERBASIS DI KENDARI, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Kendari merupakan salah satu basis perikanan tangkap di Kawasan Timur Indonesia yang berhadapan langsung dengan Laut Banda. Produksi perikanan tuna di Kendari cukup besar, hal ini dikarenakan alat tangkap yang digunakan merupakan alat tangkap yang dikhususkan untuk menangkap ikan tuna, yaitu huhate, pukat cincin mini, dan pancing tonda. Pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember 2007 dilakukan penelitian dengan mengambil pengambilan contoh di PPS Kendari. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan secara acak terhadap kapal-kapal yang mendarat pada minggu terakhir bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember. Masing-masing jenis kapal (huhate, pukat cincin mini, dan tonda) diambil satu unit sebagai contoh. Jenis data yang diambil adalah aspek eksploitasi yang meliputi upaya, jumlah, dan jenis hasil tangkapan dan daerah penangkapan. Data lain yang dikumpulkan adalah produksi tuna tahunan dari PPS Kendari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi tuna selama 10 terakhir cenderung naik, pada tahun 2007 mencapai 8.381 ton. Daerah operasi penangkapan huhate dan pukat cincin mini meliputi perairan Sulawesi Tenggara dan Sulawesi Tengah, adapun pancing tonda sampai Laut Banda. Rata-rata CPUE huhate rata-rata 6,6 ton/trip, rata-tara CPUE pukat cincin mini 0,9 ton per setting dan rata-rata CPUE pancing tonda 1,3 ton/trip. Penangkapan tuna terjadi sepanjang tahun, puncak musim tahun 2007 terjadi pada bulan September dengan indeks mencapai 0,4. Jenis tuna yang tertangkap huhate, pukat cincin mini, maupun tonda ada empat, yaitu ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), madidihang (Thunnus albacares), tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus), dan tongkol (Auxis sp.). Komposisi dari keempat jenis tuna tersebut didominansi oleh ikan cakalang yaitu mencapai lebih dari 65%

KERAGAAN TEDs TYPE SUPER SHOOTER PADA TRAWL UDANG YANG BEROPERASI DI LAUT ARAFURA

Arafura merupakan satu-satunya daerah penangkapan trawl udang di Indonesia sesuai yang direkomendasikan melalui Keputusan Presiden No.85 tahun 1982 terkait peraturan pengoperasian trawl udang di Indonesia. Salah satu butir penting pada Keputusan Presiden tersebut adalah trawl udang dilengkapi alat pereduksi hasil tangkap sampingan ikan atau alat pemisah ikan. TEDs type super shooter merupakan alat pemisah ikan yang saat ini direkomendasikan penggunaannya oleh Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Dalam rangka mengetahui kinerja TEDs type super shooter pada trawl udang di Indonesia, pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2003 telah dilakukan penelitian melalui ujicoba pada kapal trawler double 180,17 GT milik PT. Nusantara Fisheries yang beroperasi di Laut Arafura. Kinerja TEDs type super shooter dalam hal ini meliputi efektivitas mereduksi bycatch (ikan dan penyu) dan tingkat reduksi hasil tangkapan udang secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemasangan TEDs pada trawl udang mampu mereduksi bycatch ikan rata-rata 38,34% dan penyu 100%. Di sisi pemasangan, TEDs mengurangi hasil tangkapan utama yaitu udang rata-rata 18,43% dari total tangkapan. Arafura was only the shrimp trawl ground that recommended in accordance with the President Decree No.85 Year of 1982 regarding the shrimp trawl operating in Indonesia. One of the important content of that decree, the shrimp trawl must be equiped by the bycatch excluder devices. The kind of the bycatch excluder devices that recommended by Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries is TEDs type super shooter. In order to understand the performance of turtle excluder devices TEDs type super shooter on the commercial shrimp trawling, a research was carried out on July until August 2003 through experimental fishing by using a double rig trawler 180.17 GT, belonging to Nusantara Fisheries, a private shrimp fishing company. The performance of TEDs type super shooter in this case covered the effectiveness in reducing bycatch (fish and sea turtle) and retaining rate of shrimp. The result show that TEDs type super shooter reduced bycatch (fish) 38.34% and turtle 100% in average, but in other hand the loss of shrimp was 18.43% in average of total catch.

KARAKTERISTIK BIOLOGI IKANTONGKOLKOMO(EUTHYNNUSAFFINIS) YANGTERTANGKAPJARINGINSANGHANYUTDILAUTJAWA

Tahun 2015 telah dilakukan penelitian tongkol komo (Euthynnus affinis) yang tertangkap jaring insang hanyut berukuran mata jaring 4 inci di Laut Jawa berbasis di PPI Karangsong Indramayu. PPI Karangsong adalah basis perikanan jaring insang di Indramayu dengan daerah penangkapan utama di perairan Laut Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biologi yang meliputi: distribusi ukuran,  ukuran pertama kali matang gonada (Lm) dan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) dan parameter biologi lainnya yaitu hubungan panjang (FL)-bobot (W) ikan dan nisbah kelamin.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi ukuran  ikan antara 27 – 58 cmFL (rata-rata 45,5) dengan median 44 cmFL, Lm tongkol jantan  45,8 cmFL dan betina 43,2 cmFL, ukuran Lc 44,5 cmFL, hubungan panjang-bobot menurut persamaan W= 0,0636 L2,6497 (r2=0,8409) dengan nisbah kelamin jantan: betina 52 : 48 %. A research of kawa-kawa (Euthynnus affinis) caught by 4 inche mesh size drifting gillnets operate in Jawa Sea waters based at Karangsong-Indramayu has been carried out in 2015. Karangsong is a gill net fishery based in Indramayu with a major fishing area in the waters of the Java Sea. The aim of research is to determine the biological carachteristics wich cover: size distribution, length of first matured (Lm) and length of first captured (Lc), L-W relationship and sex ratio.  The result show that length distribution ranged 27-58 (ave. 45.5) with median 44 cmFL, the Lm of male and female of kawa-kawa were 45.8 cmFL and 43,2 cmFL respectively and the Lc was 44.5 cmFL, L-W relationship was W= 0.0636 L2.,6497(r2=0.8409), and sex ratio male : female was 52 : 48 %