12,333 research outputs found
Yang-Mills gravity in biconformal space
We write a gravity theory with Yang-Mills type action using the biconformal
gauging of the conformal group. We show that the resulting biconformal
Yang-Mills gravity theories describe 4-dim, scale-invariant general relativity
in the case of slowly changing fields. In addition, we systematically extend
arbitrary 4-dim Yang-Mills theories to biconformal space, providing a new arena
for studying flat space Yang-Mills theories. By applying the biconformal
extension to a 4-dim pure Yang-Mills theory with conformal symmetry, we
establish a 1-1, onto mapping between a set of gravitational gauge theories and
4-dim, flat space gauge theories.Comment: 27 pages; paper emphasis shifted to focus on gravity; references
adde
ACCURACY OF GRID PRICING: AN EVALUATION USING WHOLESALE VALUES OF FED CATTLE
Grid pricing is one of the beef industry's answers to improving value coordination in fed cattle transactions. This paper constructs individual carcass-level grid and wholesale beef values. These values are used to evaluate the level of value communication that occurs between wholesale and grid values of beef. Furthermore, the values are used to estimate grid premiums/discounts that improve value communication. Results indicate that value coordination could be improved by modifying grid premiums/discounts.Marketing,
Quantum Gravitational Contributions to the CMB Anisotropy Spectrum
We derive the primordial power spectrum of density fluctuations in the
framework of quantum cosmology. For this purpose we perform a Born-Oppenheimer
approximation to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for an inflationary universe with
a scalar field. In this way we first recover the scale-invariant power spectrum
that is found as an approximation in the simplest inflationary models. We then
obtain quantum gravitational corrections to this spectrum and discuss whether
they lead to measurable signatures in the CMB anisotropy spectrum. The
non-observation so far of such corrections translates into an upper bound on
the energy scale of inflation.Comment: 4 pages, v3: sign error in Eq. (5) and its consequences correcte
Field Theory as Free Fall
It is shown that the classical field equations pertaining to gravity coupled
to other bosonic fields are equivalent to a single geodesic equation,
describing the free fall of a point particle in superspace. Some implications
for quantum gravity are discussed.Comment: 18 pages, plain late
Scenarios for optimizing potato productivity in a lunar CELSS
The use of controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) in the development and growth of large-scale bases on the Moon will reduce the expense of supplying life support materials from Earth. Such systems would use plants to produce food and oxygen, remove carbon dioxide, and recycle water and minerals. In a lunar CELSS, several factors are likely to be limiting to plant productivity, including the availability of growing area, electrical power, and lamp/ballast weight for lighting systems. Several management scenarios are outlined in this discussion for the production of potatoes based on their response to irradiance, photoperiod, and carbon dioxide concentration. Management scenarios that use 12-hr photoperiods, high carbon dioxide concentrations, and movable lamp banks to alternately irradiate halves of the growing area appear to be the most efficient in terms of growing area, electrical power, and lamp weights. However, the optimal scenario will be dependent upon the relative 'costs' of each factor
A summary of porous tube plant nutrient delivery system investigations from 1985 to 1991
The Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) Program is a research effort to evaluate biological processes at a one person scale to provide air, water, and food for humans in closed environments for space habitation. This program focuses currently on the use of conventional crop plants and the use of hydroponic systems to grow them. Because conventional hydroponic systems are dependent on gravity to conduct solution flow, they cannot be used in the microgravity of space. Thus, there is a need for a system that will deliver water and nutrients to plant roots under microgravity conditions. The Plant Space Biology Program is interested in investigating the effect that the space environment has on the growth and development of plants. Thus, there is also a need to have a standard nutrient delivery method for growing plants in space for research into plant responses to microgravity. The Porous Tube Plant Nutrient Delivery System (PTPNDS) utilizes a hydrophilic, microporous material to control water and nutrient delivery to plant roots. It has been designed and analyzed to support plant growth independent of gravity and plans are progressing to test it in microgravity. It has been used successfully to grow food crops to maturity in an earth-bound laboratory. This document includes a bibliography and summary reports from the growth trials performed utilizing the PTPNDS
NMR implementation of Quantum Delayed-Choice Experiment
We report the first experimental demonstration of quantum delayed-choice
experiment via nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. An ensemble of molecules
each with two spin-1/2 nuclei are used as target and the ancilla qubits to
perform the quantum circuit corresponding the delayed-choice setup. As expected
in theory, our experiments clearly demonstrate the continuous morphing of the
target qubit between particle-like and wave-like behaviors. The experimental
visibility of the interference patterns shows good agreement with the theory.Comment: Revised text, more figures adde
Quantum gravity and the Coulomb potential
We apply a singularity resolution technique utilized in loop quantum gravity
to the polymer representation of quantum mechanics on R with the singular
-1/|x| potential. On an equispaced lattice, the resulting eigenvalue problem is
identical to a finite difference approximation of the Schrodinger equation. We
find numerically that the antisymmetric sector has an energy spectrum that
converges to the usual Coulomb spectrum as the lattice spacing is reduced. For
the symmetric sector, in contrast, the effect of the lattice spacing is similar
to that of a continuum self-adjointness boundary condition at x=0, and its
effect on the ground state is significant even if the spacing is much below the
Bohr radius. Boundary conditions at the singularity thus have a significant
effect on the polymer quantization spectrum even after the singularity has been
regularized.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. v2: Minor presentational changes. One data point
added in Table
Brane Cosmology from Heterotic String Theory
We consider brane cosmologies within the context of five-dimensional actions
with O(a') higher curvature corrections. The actions are compatible with bulk
string amplitude calculations from heterotic string theory. We find wrapped
solutions that satisfy the field equations in an approximate but acceptable
manner given their complexity, where the internal four-dimensional scale factor
is naturally inflating, having an exponential De-Sitter form. The temporal
dependence of the metric components is non-trivial so that this metric cannot
be factored as in a conformally flat case. The effective Planck mass is finite
and the brane solutions localize four-dimensional gravity, while the
four-dimensional gravitational constant varies with time. The Hubble constant
can be freely specified through the initial value of the scalar field, to
conform with recent data.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, Accepted for Publication in IJT
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