Track Segments within Hadronic Showers using the CALICE AHCal

Using the high granular CALICE analog hadron calorimeter (AHCal) a tracking algorithm capable of identifying MIP-like tracks within hadronic showers is presented. Such an algorithm provides excellent tools for detector calibration and for studies of the substructure of hadronic showers. The properties of the identified tracks are used as observables for a Monte-Carlo to data comparison.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figures, LCWS2010 Proceedin

Mass and Cross Section Measurement of light-flavored Squarks at CLIC

We present a study of the prospects for the measurement of TeV-scale light-flavored right-squark masses and the corresponding production cross section at a 3 TeV e+e- collider based on CLIC technology. The analysis, performed in the framework of the CLIC Conceptual Design Report, is based on full Geant4 simulations of the CLIC_ILD detector concept, including standard model physics background and machine related hadronic background from two-photon processes. The events are reconstructed using particle flow event reconstruction, and the mass is obtained from a template fit built from generator-level simulations with smearing to parametrize the detector response. For an integrated luminosity of 2/ab, a statistical precision of 5.9 GeV, corresponding to 0.52%, is obtained for unseparated first and second generation right squarks. For the combined cross section, a precision of 0.07 fb, corresponding to 5%, is obtained.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of LCWS11, Granada, Spain, September 201

Light-flavor squark reconstruction at CLIC

We present a simulation study of the prospects for the mass measurement of TeV-scale light-flavored right-handed squarks at a 3 TeV e+e- collider based on CLIC technology. In the considered model, these particles decay into their standard-model counterparts and the lightest neutralino, resulting in a signature of two jets plus missing energy. The analysis is based on full GEANT4 simulations of the CLIC_ILD detector concept, including Standard Model physics backgrounds and beam-induced hadronic backgrounds from two-photon processes. The analysis serves as a generic benchmark for the reconstruction of highly energetic jets in events with substantial missing energy. Several jet finding algorithms were evaluated, with the longitudinally invariant kt algorithm showing a high degree of robustness towards beam-induced background while preserving the features typically found in algorithms developed for e+e- collisions. The presented study of the reconstruction of light-flavored squarks shows that for TeV-scale squark masses, sub-percent accuracy on the mass measurement can be achieved at CLIC.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in EPJ

Mass measurement of right-handed scalar quarks and time measurement of hadronic showers for the compact linear collider

Der Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) ist ein Konzept eines 48.3km langen e+ e- Beschleunigers mit einer Schwerpunktsenergie von 3TeV. Sein Ziel ist sowohl die Präzisionsvermessung bereits bekannter, als auch die Entdeckung bislang unbekannter Teilchen. Der International Large Detector (ILD) ist eines der Detektorkonzepte, die speziell für die Anwendung des Particle Flow Algorithmus entworfen wurde. Der Inhalt dieser Arbeit gliedert sich in zwei Teilbereiche, die beide im Kontext von CLIC stehen. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wird die Messung der Zeitstruktur hadronischer Schauer in Kalorimetern mit Wolframabsorber, wie es auch im ILD Konzept für CLIC benutzt wird, präsentiert. Das beinhaltet die Entwicklung und Konstruktion eines kleinen Testbeam-Experimentes namens Tungsten Timing Testbeam (T3B), welches aus lediglich 15 Szintillator Kacheln der Dimension 30mm x 30mm x 5mm besteht. Diese werden mit Silicon Photomultipliern ausgelesen, welche wiederum mit USB Oszilloskopen verbunden sind. T3B wurde während der Testreihen am CERN in den Jahren 2010 und 2011 hinter dem Prototypen des analogen hadronischen Kalorimeters (W-AHCal) der CALICE Kollaboration platziert. Die gewonnenen Daten wurden mit Simulationsergebnissen verglichen, die mit den drei verschiedenen Modellen hadronischer Schauer der Geant4 Simulation gewonnen wurden: QGSP_BERT, QGSP_BERT_HP und QBBC. Die Ergebnisse der 60GeV Datennahme sind zumeist mit QBBC und QGSP_BERT_HP konsistent. Hingegen überschätzt QGSP_BERT wegen der fehlenden Präzisionsverfolgung von Neutronen die Häufigkeit später Energiedepositionen. Im zweiten Teil wird einer der sechs Benchmark-Prozesse gezeigt, die im Rahmen des CLIC Conceptual Design Report die Detektor Leistungsfähigkeit am CLIC Beschleuniger gezeigt haben. Der vorgestellte Benchmark Prozess behandelt die Messung der Masse und des Wirkungsquerschnitts der Paarerzeugung von supersymmetrischen rechtshändigen skalaren Quarks (squarks). Im zugrundeliegenden SUSY Modell zerfallen diese fast ausschließlich in das leichteste Neutralino (fehlende Energie) und das zugehörige Standardmodell Quark (Jet). In der Analyse wird der Beam-generierte pile-up Untergrund von gamma gamma -> Hadronen durch die Anwendung der Hadronen Variante des kt-Algorithmus der FastJet-Bibliothek unterdrückt. Standardmodell Prozesse, die der Ereignisstopologie entsprechen, werden durch die Anwendung von Boosted Decision Trees, implementiert im Toolkit for Multivariate Analysis (TMVA), zurückgewiesen. Die Squark-Masse wird durch die Konstruktion der MC-Verteilung und dem folgenden Fit an die mit verschiedenen Squark-Massen generierten Templates extrahiert. Die Ergebnisse sind konsistent mit ihren Eingangswerten und zeigen, dass Massenmessungen von schweren, stark wechselwirkenden Teilchen bei CLIC mit Genauigkeiten von unter 1% möglich sind.The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a concept for a 48.3km long e+ e- accelerator with a center-of-mass energy of 3TeV. Its purpose is the precise measurement of particles discovered by the LHC as well as the discovery of yet unknown particles. The International Large Detector (ILD) is one of its detector concepts which was specifically designed for the usage of the Particle Flow Algorithm. This thesis is divided into two parts, both within the context of CLIC. In the first part of this thesis the unprecedented measurement on time structure of hadronic showers in calorimeters with tungsten absorber material, which is used in the ILD concept for CLIC, will be presented. It shows the development and the construction of a small testbeam experiment called Tungsten Timing Testbeam (T3B) which consists of only 15 scintillator tiles of 30mm x 30mm x 5mm, read out with Silicon Photomultipliers which in turn were connected to USB oscilloscopes. T3B was placed downstream of the CALICE tungsten analog hadron calorimeter (W-AHCal) during beam tests performed at CERN in 2010 and 2011. The resulting data is compared to simulation obtained with three different hadronic shower physics models of the \geant~simulation toolkit: QGSP_BERT, QGSP_BERT_HP and QBBC. The results from 60GeV high statistics run show that QBBC and QGSP_BERT_HP are mostly consistent with the testbeam data, while QBBC, which is lacking a sophisticated treatment of neutrons, overestimates the late energy depositions. The second part of this thesis presents one out of the six benchmark processes that were part of the CLIC Conceptual Design Report (CDR) to verify the detector performance at CLIC. This benchmark process is the measurement of the mass and cross-section of two supersymmetric right-handed scalar quarks. In the underlying SUSY model these almost exclusively decay into the lightest neutralino (missing energy) and the corresponding standard model quark (jet). Within this analysis pile-up from beam induced background of gamma gamma -> hadron is rejected by choosing the hadron variant of the kt-algorithm as it is implemented in the FastJet library. Standard Model processes mimicking the signal event topography are rejected with a forest of Boosted Decision Trees using the Toolkit for Multivariate Analysis (TMVA). The squark mass is extracted by constructing the MC distribution and fitting it to templates generated with different squark masses. The results for the mass and cross-section are consistent with the input generator values and show that sub-percent accuracy for the masses of heavy strongly interacting particles can be reached with CLIC

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216