Monitoring physical and chemical parameters of Delaware Bay waters with an ERTS-1 data collection platform

The author has identified the following significant results. Evaluation of the probe performances during the initial phase indicates that the dissolved oxygen sensor available as part of the package is not sufficiently reliable for long term operation. The turbidity probe requires frequent visits to the site to maintain it in proper operating condition. The cost of these visits would have to be weighed against the information obtained. The conductivity/salinity, temperature, pH, and depth indicators have worked extremely well over the course of the study. Monthly cleanings would maintain all these probes in top operating condition. Currently the accuracy of each measurement returned via satellite is being compared to the accuracy of the probe reading and water samples analyzed in the laboratory

Monitoring physical and chemical parameters of Delaware Bay waters with an ERTS-1 data collection platform

The author has identified the following significant results. Results of the analysis of data collected during the summer of 1974 demonstrate that the ERTS Data Collection Platform (DCP) is quite responsive to changing water parameters and that this information can be successfully transmitted under all weather conditions. The monitoring of on-site probe outputs reveals a rapid response to changing water temperature, salinity, and turbidity conditions on incoming tides as the tidal salt wedge passes the probe location. The changes in water properties were corroborated by simultaneously sampling the water for subsequent laboratory analysis. Fluctuations observed in the values of salinity, conductivity, temperature and water depth over short time intervals were extremely small. Due to the nature of the probe, 10% to 20% fluctuations were observed in the turbidity values. The use of the average of the values observed during an overpass provided acceptable results. Good quality data was obtained from the satellite on each overpass regardless of weather conditions. Continued use of the DCP will help provide an indication of the accuracy of the probes and transmission system during long term use

Correlation of coastal water turbidity and circulation with ERTS-1 and Skylab imagery

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Inactivation by solar photo-Fenton in pet bottles of wild enteric bacteria of natural well water: Absence of re-growth after one week of subsequent storage

Iron photo-assisted inactivation of wild enteric bacteria (total coliforms/E. coil and Salmonella spp.) was carried out in water from the Sahelian wells having different pH (W1:4.9 and W2: 6.3) and a natural iron content of 0.07 mg/L We evaluate the efficiency of the disinfection on different systems containing both or only one Fenton reagent (H2O2/Fe-2.): (i) H2O2/Fe2+/hv, (ii) Fe2+/hv, (iii) H2O2/hv, and (iv) only light irradiation (hv) at lab and field scale. Generally, 0.6 mg/L of Fe2+ and/or 8.5 mg/L of H2O2 were used in the Fenton reagent. The systems H2O2/Fe2+/hv and H2O2/hv led to total inactivation of Salmonella and E. coil. The natural iron content (0.07 mg/L) was enough to drive an efficient photo-Fenton process leading to total bacterial inactivation. Our results show that: (i) the iron salt present in Sahelian water is enough to perform a photo-Fenton disinfection of drinking water when adding H2O2, (ii) addition of external iron salts at near neutral pH has no additional effect on the bacterial photo-Fenton inactivation process. After one week of storage, no enteric bacteria re-growth was observed in treated waters. Mechanistic suggestions are presented to explain the observed results. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

From Laboratory Studies to the Field Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Case Study of Technology Transfer from Switzerland to Burkina Faso on the Field of Photochemical Detoxification of Biorecalcitrant Chemical Pollutants in Water

The Fenton and photo-Fenton detoxification of non-biodegradable chemical pollution in water was investigated under simulated UV light in the laboratory and under direct sunlight in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The laboratory experiments enable one to make a systematic diagnosis among three types of wastewaters, identifying a biorecalcitrant wastewater containing the Chlorohydroxy-Pryridine (CHYPR). The application of the photo-Fenton process on effluent containing the CHYPR showed not to stimulate the generation of biodegradable by-products. Optimal conditions for detoxification of effluent containing the CHYPR were found at pH = 2.8, [Fe2+] = 5.2 mM, initial [H2O2] = 768 mM, for an effluent concentrated at 2.2 mM of CHYPR. The application of the photochemical process on a field pilot solar photoreactor for the detoxification of water polluted with a pesticide made with Endosulfan showed very promising results, with potential biodegradable effluents obtained at the end of the photochemical treatment. Optimal conditions of the applied study were found at pH = 3. [H2O2] = 8 mM and [Fe2+] = 0.18 mM for an initial concentration of 0.36 mM of Endosulfan. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Kenfack et al

Surgical resection of hypothalamic hamartomas for severe behavioral symptoms

Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are associated with treatment-resistant epilepsy. Many patients also experience severe and sometimes disabling psychiatric problems. The most common behavioral symptoms consist of paroxysms of uncontrolled anger related to poor frustration tolerance. These can include violence, resulting in disrupted family or school relationships, and legal consequences including incarceration. In a large cohort of patients undergoing surgical resection of HHs for refractory epilepsy, 88% of families described an improvement in overall behavioral functioning [1]. Here, we describe four patients (three males, mean age = 11.9. years) who underwent surgical resection of HHs largely for behavioral indications. Three patients had relatively well controlled seizures, and one had no history of epilepsy. All patients had striking improvement in their psychiatric comorbidity. HH resection can result in significant improvement in behavioral functioning, even in patients with relatively infrequent seizures. Further investigation under approved human research protocols is warranted. © 2010 Elsevier Inc

Vertical migration of benthos in simulated dredged material overburdens : vol. 1 : marine benthos : final report /

"Final Report.""June 1978.""Prepared for Office, Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C. under Contract No. DACW39-74-R-0019 (DMRP Work Unit No. 1D03)."Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-97).Mode of access: Internet

Neuropsychological test performance of former American football players

BACKGROUND: Patterns of cognitive impairment in former American football players are uncertain because objective neuropsychological data are lacking. This study characterized the neuropsychological test performance of former college and professional football players. METHODS: One hundred seventy male former football players (n=111 professional, n=59 college; 45-74 years) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Raw scores were converted to T-scores using age, sex, and education-adjusted normative data. A T-score ≤ 35 defined impairment. A domain was impaired if 2+ scores fell in the impaired range except for the language and visuospatial domains due to the limited number of tests. RESULTS: Most football players had subjective cognitive concerns. On testing, rates of impairments were greatest for memory (21.2% two tests impaired), especially for recall of unstructured (44.7%) versus structured verbal stimuli (18.8%); 51.8% had one test impaired. 7.1% evidenced impaired executive functions; however, 20.6% had impaired Trail Making Test B. 12.1% evidenced impairments in the attention, visual scanning, and psychomotor speed domain with frequent impairments on Trail Making Test A (18.8%). Other common impairments were on measures of language (i.e., Multilingual Naming Test [21.2%], Animal Fluency [17.1%]) and working memory (Number Span Backward [14.7%]). Impairments on our tasks of visuospatial functions were infrequent. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of former football players (most of whom had subjective cognitive concerns), there were diffuse impairments on neuropsychological testing with verbal memory being the most frequently impaired domain. © 2023. The Author(s).Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Examination of parkinsonism in former elite American football players

BACKGROUND: Former American football players are at risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) which may have parkinsonism as a clinical feature. OBJECTIVE: Former football players were prospectively assessed for parkinsonism. METHODS: 120 former professional football players, 58 former college football players, and 60 same-age asymptomatic men without repetitive head impacts, 45-74 years, were studied using the MDS-UPDRS to assess for parkinsonism, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG). Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the clinical syndrome of CTE, was adjudicated and includes parkinsonism diagnosis. Fisher\u27s Exact Test compared groups on parkinsonism due to small cell sizes; analysis of covariance or linear regressions controlling for age and body mass index were used otherwise. RESULTS: Twenty-two (12.4%) football players (13.3% professional, 10.3% college) met parkinsonism criteria compared with two (3.3%) in the unexposed group. Parkinsonism was higher in professional (p = 0.037) but not college players (p = 0.16). There were no differences on the MDS-UPDRS Part III total scores. Scores on the individual MDS-UPDRS items were low. TUG times were longer in former professional but not college players compared with unexposed men (13.09 versus 11.35 s, p \u3c 0.01). There were no associations between years of football, age of first exposure, position or level of play on motor outcomes. TES status was not associated with motor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Parkinsonism rates in this sample of football players was low and highest in the professional football players. The association between football and parkinsonism is inconclusive and depends on factors related to sample selection, comparison groups, and exposure characteristics

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-informed, expert consensus research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the clinical disorder associated with neuropathologically diagnosed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). METHODS: A panel of 20 expert clinician-scientists in neurology, neuropsychology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, and physical medicine and rehabilitation, from 11 academic institutions, participated in a modified Delphi procedure to achieve consensus, initiated at the First National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Consensus Workshop to Define the Diagnostic Criteria for TES April, 2019. Before consensus, panelists reviewed evidence from all published cases of CTE with neuropathologic confirmation, and they examined the predictive validity data on clinical features in relation to CTE pathology from a large clinicopathologic study (n = 298). RESULTS: Consensus was achieved in 4 rounds of the Delphi procedure. Diagnosis of TES requires (1) substantial exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHIs) from contact sports, military service, or other causes; (2) core clinical features of cognitive impairment (in episodic memory and/or executive functioning) and/or neurobehavioral dysregulation; (3) a progressive course; and (4) that the clinical features are not fully accounted for by any other neurologic, psychiatric, or medical conditions. For those meeting criteria for TES, functional dependence is graded on 5 levels, ranging from independent to severe dementia. A provisional level of certainty for CTE pathology is determined based on specific RHI exposure thresholds, core clinical features, functional status, and additional supportive features, including delayed onset, motor signs, and psychiatric features. CONCLUSIONS: New consensus diagnostic criteria for TES were developed with a primary goal of facilitating future CTE research. These criteria will be revised as updated clinical and pathologic information and in vivo biomarkers become available