1 research outputs found
Metal Affinity-Enabled Capture and Release Antibody Reagents Generate a Multiplex Biomarker Enrichment System that Improves Detection Limits of Rapid Diagnostic Tests
Multi-antigen rapid diagnostic tests
(RDTs) are highly informative,
simple, mobile, and inexpensive, making them valuable point-of-care
(POC) diagnostic tools. However, these RDTs suffer from several technical
limitationsīøthe most significant being the failure to detect
low levels of infection. To overcome this, we have developed a magnetic
bead-based multiplex biomarker enrichment strategy that combines metal
affinity and immunospecific capture to purify and enrich multiple
target biomarkers. Modifying antibodies to contain histidine-rich
peptides enables reversible loading onto immobilized metal affinity
magnetic beads, generating a novel class of antibodies coined āCapture
and Releaseā (CaR) antibody reagents. This approach extends
the specificity of immunocapture to metal affinity magnetic beads
while also maintaining a common trigger for releasing multiple biomarkers.
Multiplex biomarker enrichment is accomplished by adding magnetic
beads equipped with CaR antibody reagents to a large sample volume
to capture biomarkers of interest. Once captured, these biomarkers
are magnetically purified, concentrated, and released into a RDT-compatible
volume. This system was tailored to enhance a popular dual-antigen
lateral flow malaria RDT that targets <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> histidine-rich protein-II (HRPII) and <i>Plasmodium</i> lactate dehydrogenase (<i>p</i>LDH). A suite of <i>p</i>LDH CaR antibody reagents were synthesized, characterized,
and the optimal CaR antibody reagent was loaded onto magnetic beads
to make a multiplex magnetic capture bead that simultaneously enriches <i>p</i>LDH and HRPII from <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> parasitized blood samples. This system achieves a 17.5-fold improvement
in the dual positive HRPII/pan-<i>p</i>LDH detection limits
enabling visual detection of both antigens at levels correlating to
5 p/Ī¼L. This front-end sample processing system serves as an
efficient strategy to improve the sensitivity of RDTs without the
need for modifications or remanufacturing