Hierarchical Concurrent Engineering in a Multiagent Framework

Our experience indicates coordination in concurrent engineering (CE) requires support for two types of relationships among decision makers supervisor/subordinate and peer-to-peer Supervisor/subordinate relationships are created by the standard hierarchical decomposition process that is required to solve any large design problem Peer-to-peer relationships arise when teams of decision makers must interact, without direct guidance, to achieve individual and common goals In this paper, we describe a general decision-making methodology, which we call hierarchical CE The emphasis of hierarchical CE is to provide support for both supervisor/subordinate and peer-to-peer relationships In addition to the concept of hierarchical CE, we present a supporting agent-based framework in which the preferences and constraints of a design supervi sor are distributed to design subordinates, who are expected to exploit their local expertise within the context provided by this global information A distinct separation between feasibility and value facilitates optimal decision-making by design agents, since the bounds on feasibility do not include arbitrary statements about value This distinction may prove useful for other problem domains as wellPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68258/2/10.1177_1063293X9600400105.pd

Krachtvoer heeft grote invloed op milieubelasting melkveehouderij

Onderzoekers van Wageningen UR hebben samen met enkele projectteams een levenscyclusanalyse uitgevoerd op gangbare, gangbaar-plus en biologische melkveebedrijven. Hiermee wordt de totale milieubelasting in kaart gebracht. De milieueffecten landgebruik, energieverbruik, verzuring, vermesting en het broeikaseffect zijn onderzoch