87 research outputs found
RoboBEV: Towards Robust Bird's Eye View Perception under Corruptions
The recent advances in camera-based bird's eye view (BEV) representation
exhibit great potential for in-vehicle 3D perception. Despite the substantial
progress achieved on standard benchmarks, the robustness of BEV algorithms has
not been thoroughly examined, which is critical for safe operations. To bridge
this gap, we introduce RoboBEV, a comprehensive benchmark suite that
encompasses eight distinct corruptions, including Bright, Dark, Fog, Snow,
Motion Blur, Color Quant, Camera Crash, and Frame Lost. Based on it, we
undertake extensive evaluations across a wide range of BEV-based models to
understand their resilience and reliability. Our findings indicate a strong
correlation between absolute performance on in-distribution and
out-of-distribution datasets. Nonetheless, there are considerable variations in
relative performance across different approaches. Our experiments further
demonstrate that pre-training and depth-free BEV transformation has the
potential to enhance out-of-distribution robustness. Additionally, utilizing
long and rich temporal information largely helps with robustness. Our findings
provide valuable insights for designing future BEV models that can achieve both
accuracy and robustness in real-world deployments.Comment: Preprint; 27 pages, 18 figures, 33 tables; Code at
https://github.com/Daniel-xsy/RoboBE
Development of a database system for mapping insertional mutations onto the mouse genome with large-scale experimental data
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On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends
Alternative compression ignition engine fuels are of interest both to reduce emissions and to reduce U.S. petroleum fuel demand. A Malaysian Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liquid fuel was compared with California No.2 diesel by characterizing emissions from over the road Class 8 tractors with Caterpillar 3176 engines, using a chassis dynamometer and full scale dilution tunnel. The 5-Mile route was employed as the test schedule, with a test weight of 42,000 lb. Levels of oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) were reduced by an average of 12% and particulate matter (PM) by 25% for the Fischer-Tropsch fuel over the California diesel fuel. Another distillate fuel produced catalytically from Fischer-Tropsch products originally derived from natural gas by Mossgas was also compared with 49-state No.2 diesel by characterizing emissions from Detroit Diesel 6V-92 powered transit buses, three of them equipped with catalytic converters and rebuilt engines, and three without. The CBD cycle was employed as the test schedule, with a test weight of 33,050 lb. For those buses with catalytic converters and rebuilt engines, NO x was reduced by 8% and PM was reduced by 31% on average, while for those buses without, NO x was reduced by 5% and PM was reduced by 20% on average. It is concluded that advanced compression ignition fuels from non-petroleum sources can offer environmental advantages in typical line haul and city transit applications
Glucocorticoid Receptor and Sequential P53 Activation by Dexamethasone Mediates Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells
Glucocorticoids play a pivotal role in the proliferation of osteoblasts, but the underlying mechanism has not been successfully elucidated. In this report, we have investigated the molecular mechanism which elucidates the inhibitory effects of dexamethasone on murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. It was found that the inhibitory effects were largely attributed to apoptosis and G1 phase arrest. Both the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were dependent on glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as they were abolished by GR blocker RU486 pre-treatment and GR interference. G1 phase arrest and apoptosis were accompanied with a p53-dependent up-regulation of p21 and pro-apoptotic genes NOXA and PUMA. We also proved that dexamethasone can’t induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest when p53 was inhibited by p53 RNA interference. These data demonstrate that proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cell was significantly and directly inhibited by dexamethasone treatment via aberrant GR activation and subsequently P53 activation
Successive influenza virus infection and Streptococcus pneumoniae stimulation alter human dendritic cell function
Background: Influenza virus is a major cause of respiratory disease worldwide and Streptococcus pneumoniae infection associated with influenza often leads to severe complications. Dendritic cells are key antigen presenting cells but its role in such co-infection is unclear.Methods: In this study, human monocyte derived-dentritic cells were either concurrently or successively challenged with the combination of live influenza virus and heat killed pneumococcus to mimic the viral pneumococcal infection. Dendritic cell viability, phenotypic maturation and cytokine production were then examined.Results: The challenge of influenza virus and pneumococcus altered dendritic cell functions dependent on the time interval between the successive challenge of influenza virus and pneumococcus, as well as the doses of pneumococcus. When dendritic cells were exposed to pneumococcus at 6 hr, but not 0 hr nor 24 hr after influenza virus infection, both virus and pneumococcus treated dendritic cells had greater cell apoptosis and expressed higher CD83 and CD86 than dendritic cells infected with influenza virus alone. Dendritic cells produced pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNF-α, IL-12 and IFN-γ synergistically to the successive viral and pneumococcal challenge. Whereas prior influenza virus infection suppressed the IL-10 response independent of the timing of the subsequent pneumococcal stimulation.Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that successive challenge of dendritic cells with influenza virus and pneumococcus resulted in synergistic up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines with simultaneous down-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine, which may explain the immuno-pathogenesis of this important co-infection. © 2011 Wu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.published_or_final_versio
Efficient and unique cobarcoding of second-generation sequencing reads from long DNA molecules enabling cost-effective and accurate sequencing, haplotyping, and de novo assembly
an active measurement approach for link faults monitoring in isp networks
Link failures are common in IP networks. In this paper, we develop a technique for diagnosing link failures in Service Provider or Enterprise IP networks using active measurement. The technique attempts to minimize both the monitoring infrastructure cost
Investigation into the flux distribution of central carbon metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum using principal component analysis
Investigation into the flux distribution of central carbon metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum using principal component analysis
Central carbon metabolism is the main source of energy required by organisms
and it provides precursors for other in vivo metabolic processes. The flux
flowing through the pathways involved in central carbon metabolism
characterizes its biological function and genetic readout between species or
environments. In recent years, using a 13C tracer technique, researchers have
measured the flux of central carbon metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum
under a variety of nutritional and environmental changes or genetic
modifications. However, there is no integrated and comparative analysis of
these measured flux values. In this study, the flux values of central carbon
metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum that were obtained in other recent
studies were consolidated. A preliminary examination of the distribution
characteristics of flux values in each metabolic pathway was conducted and
the regression relationship between different fluxes was investigated. The
principal components of the flux vector were further extracted and aggregated
based on the components, and the general features of flux distribution of
central carbon metabolism as well as the influence of environmental and
genetic factors on the flux distribution were determined. This study provides
a foundation for further investigation into the flux distribution and
regulation characteristics of central carbon metabolism
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