637 research outputs found
Fruit Tree Pollination Technology and Industrialization in China
This work investigates the bee pollination of fruit trees, especially apples and pears in the field. We first introduce research carried out into bee pollination of crops in China, and then our own pollination experiments with managed bees such as Apis mellifera in the field. We monitor the efficiency of bee pollination of fruit trees by regulating hive bees and tree arrangement. In addition, we develop some methods to attract bees to visit fruit trees. Our research shows that the number of beehives and the arrangement of trees greatly influence bee pollination. The results provide a comprehensive tutorial on the best practices of bee pollination of fruit trees
Development of Drive Control Strategy for Front-and-Rear-Motor-Drive Electric Vehicle (FRMDEV)
In order to achieve both high-efficiency drive and low-jerk mode switch in FRMDEVs, a drive control strategy is proposed, consisting of top-layer torque distribution aimed at optimal efficiency and low-layer coordination control improving mode-switch jerk. First, with the use of the off-line particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSOA), the optimal switching boundary between single-motor-drive mode (SMDM) and dual-motor drive mode (DMDM) was modelled and a real-time torque distribution model based on the radial basis function (RBF) was created to achieve the optimal torque distribution. Then, referring to the dynamic characteristics of mode switch tested on a dual-motor test bench, a torque coordination strategy by controlling the variation rate of the torque distribution coefficient during the mode-switch process was developed. Finally, based on a hardware-in-loop (HIL) test platform and an FRMDEV, the proposed drive control strategy was verified. The test results show that both drive economy and comfort were improved significantly by the use of the developed drive control strategy
Dataset Condensation via Generative Model
Dataset condensation aims to condense a large dataset with a lot of training
samples into a small set. Previous methods usually condense the dataset into
the pixels format. However, it suffers from slow optimization speed and large
number of parameters to be optimized. When increasing image resolutions and
classes, the number of learnable parameters grows accordingly, prohibiting
condensation methods from scaling up to large datasets with diverse classes.
Moreover, the relations among condensed samples have been neglected and hence
the feature distribution of condensed samples is often not diverse. To solve
these problems, we propose to condense the dataset into another format, a
generative model. Such a novel format allows for the condensation of large
datasets because the size of the generative model remains relatively stable as
the number of classes or image resolution increases. Furthermore, an
intra-class and an inter-class loss are proposed to model the relation of
condensed samples. Intra-class loss aims to create more diverse samples for
each class by pushing each sample away from the others of the same class.
Meanwhile, inter-class loss increases the discriminability of samples by
widening the gap between the centers of different classes. Extensive
comparisons with state-of-the-art methods and our ablation studies confirm the
effectiveness of our method and its individual component. To our best
knowledge, we are the first to successfully conduct condensation on
ImageNet-1k.Comment: old work,done in 202
Is synthetic data from generative models ready for image recognition?
Recent text-to-image generation models have shown promising results in
generating high-fidelity photo-realistic images. Though the results are
astonishing to human eyes, how applicable these generated images are for
recognition tasks remains under-explored. In this work, we extensively study
whether and how synthetic images generated from state-of-the-art text-to-image
generation models can be used for image recognition tasks, and focus on two
perspectives: synthetic data for improving classification models in data-scarce
settings (i.e. zero-shot and few-shot), and synthetic data for large-scale
model pre-training for transfer learning. We showcase the powerfulness and
shortcomings of synthetic data from existing generative models, and propose
strategies for better applying synthetic data for recognition tasks. Code:
https://github.com/CVMI-Lab/SyntheticData.Comment: ICLR 2023, spotligh
Free-ATM: Exploring Unsupervised Learning on Diffusion-Generated Images with Free Attention Masks
Despite the rapid advancement of unsupervised learning in visual
representation, it requires training on large-scale datasets that demand costly
data collection, and pose additional challenges due to concerns regarding data
privacy. Recently, synthetic images generated by text-to-image diffusion
models, have shown great potential for benefiting image recognition. Although
promising, there has been inadequate exploration dedicated to unsupervised
learning on diffusion-generated images. To address this, we start by uncovering
that diffusion models' cross-attention layers inherently provide
annotation-free attention masks aligned with corresponding text inputs on
generated images. We then investigate the problems of three prevalent
unsupervised learning techniques ( i.e., contrastive learning, masked modeling,
and vision-language pretraining) and introduce customized solutions by fully
exploiting the aforementioned free attention masks. Our approach is validated
through extensive experiments that show consistent improvements in baseline
models across various downstream tasks, including image classification,
detection, segmentation, and image-text retrieval. By utilizing our method, it
is possible to close the performance gap between unsupervised pretraining on
synthetic data and real-world scenarios
Polymer–lipid hybrid anti-HER2 nanoparticles for targeted salinomycin delivery to HER2-positive breast cancer stem cells and cancer cells
PV3D: A 3D Generative Model for Portrait Video Generation
Recent advances in generative adversarial networks (GANs) have demonstrated
the capabilities of generating stunning photo-realistic portrait images. While
some prior works have applied such image GANs to unconditional 2D portrait
video generation and static 3D portrait synthesis, there are few works
successfully extending GANs for generating 3D-aware portrait videos. In this
work, we propose PV3D, the first generative framework that can synthesize
multi-view consistent portrait videos. Specifically, our method extends the
recent static 3D-aware image GAN to the video domain by generalizing the 3D
implicit neural representation to model the spatio-temporal space. To introduce
motion dynamics to the generation process, we develop a motion generator by
stacking multiple motion layers to generate motion features via modulated
convolution. To alleviate motion ambiguities caused by camera/human motions, we
propose a simple yet effective camera condition strategy for PV3D, enabling
both temporal and multi-view consistent video generation. Moreover, PV3D
introduces two discriminators for regularizing the spatial and temporal domains
to ensure the plausibility of the generated portrait videos. These elaborated
designs enable PV3D to generate 3D-aware motion-plausible portrait videos with
high-quality appearance and geometry, significantly outperforming prior works.
As a result, PV3D is able to support many downstream applications such as
animating static portraits and view-consistent video motion editing. Code and
models will be released at https://showlab.github.io/pv3d
Momentum space imaging of Cooper pairing in a half-Dirac-gas topological superconductor (a helical 2D topological superconductor)
Superconductivity in Dirac electrons has recently been proposed as a new
platform between novel concepts in high-energy and condensed matter physics. It
has been proposed that supersymmetry and exotic quasiparticles, both of which
remain elusive in particle physics, may be realized as emergent particles in
superconducting Dirac electron systems. Using artificially fabricated
topological insulator-superconductor heterostructures, we present direct
spectroscopic evidence for the existence of Cooper pairing in a half Dirac gas
2D topological superconductor. Our studies reveal that superconductivity in a
helical Dirac gas is distinctly different from that of in an ordinary
two-dimensional superconductor while considering the spin degrees of freedom of
electrons. We further show that the pairing of Dirac electrons can be
suppressed by time-reversal symmetry breaking impurities removing the
distinction. Our demonstration and momentum-space imaging of Cooper pairing in
a half Dirac gas and its magnetic behavior taken together serve as a critically
important 2D topological superconductor platform for future testing of novel
fundamental physics predictions such as emergent supersymmetry and quantum
criticality in topological systems.Comment: Submitted June'14; Accepted to NaturePhysics, to appear AOP (2014
Licorice extract inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Background: Inflammation and fibrosis are typical symptoms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been implicated in the progression of NASH, and targeting this pathway may represent a new therapeutic strategy. Licorice is a widely used herb with anti-inflammatory and liver-protective properties. In this study, we assessed the effect of licorice extract on the cGAS-STING pathway.Methods: Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were treated with licorice extract and then stimulated with HT-DNA, 2'3'-cGAMP, or other agonists to activate the cGAS-STING pathway. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were conducted to analyze whether licorice extract could affect the cGAS-STING pathway. Methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD) was used to induce NASH in mice, which were treated with licorice extract (500 mg/kg) by gavage and/or c-176 (15 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection every 2 days. After 6 weeks of treatment, histological analysis of liver tissue was performed, along with measurements of plasma biochemical parameters.Results: Licorice extract inhibits cGAS-STING pathway activation. Mechanistically, it might function by inhibiting the oligomerization of STING. Treatment with licorice extract reduced inflammation and fibrosis in MCD diet-induced NASH mice models. Furthermore, we found that the therapeutic effect of combination treatment with licorice extract and C-176 (STING inhibitor) on the pathology and fibrosis of MCD diet-induced NASH models was similar to that of licorice extract or C-176 administered alone.Conclusion: Licorice extract can inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway and improve hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in NASH mice models. It strongly suggests that licorice extract may be a candidate therapeutic for NASH
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