The machine abnormal degree detection method based on SVDD and negative selection mechanism

As is well-known, fault samples are essential for the fault diagnosis and anomaly detection, but in most cases, it is difficult to obtain them. The negative selection mechanism of immune system, which can distinguish almost all nonself cells or molecules with only the self cells, gives us an inspiration to solve the problem of anomaly detection with only the normal samples. In this paper, we introduced the Support Vector Data Description (SVDD) and negative selection mechanism to separate the state space of machines into self, non-self and fault space. To estimate the abnormal level of machines, a function that could calculate the abnormal degree was constructed and its sensitivity change according to the change of abnormal degree was also discussed. At last, Iris-Fisher and ball bearing fault data set were used to verify the effectiveness of this method

Up-regulation of DDIT4 predicts poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukaemia

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, DNA damage inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4), has inducible expression in response to various cellular stresses. In multiple malignancies, studies have shown that DDIT4 participates in tumorigenesis and impacts patient survival. We aimed to study the prognostic value of DDIT4 in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), which is currently unclear. Firstly, The Cancer Genome Atlas was screened for AML patients with complete clinical characteristics and DDIT4 expression data. A total of 155 patients were included and stratified according to the treatment modality and the median DDIT4 expression levels. High DDIT4 expressers had shorter overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) than the low expressers among the chemotherapy-only group (all P <.001); EFS and OS were similar in the high and low DDIT4 expressers of the allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) group. Furthermore, in the DDIT4(high) group, patients treated with allo-HSCT had longer EFS and OS than those who received chemotherapy alone (all P <.01). In the DDIT4(low) group, OS and EFS were similar in different treatment groups. Secondly, we analysed two other cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML) cohorts derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which confirmed that high DDIT4 expression was associated with poorer survival. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the genes related to DDIT4 expression were mainly concentrated in the acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia signalling pathways. Collectively, our study indicates that high DDIT4 expression may serve as a poor prognostic factor for AML, but its prognostic effects could be outweighed by allo-HSCT

Prognostic role of SCAMP family in acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of myeloid hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells characterized by abnormal proliferation of primary and immature myeloid cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Gene mutation and expression profiles can be used as prognosis predictors for different prognostic subgroups. Secretory carrier-associated membrane proteins (SCAMPs) are a multigenic family with five members and act as cell surface vectors in the post-Golgi recycling pathways in mammals. Nevertheless, the prognostic and clinical influence of SCAMP family has hardly ever been illustrated in AML. In our study, expression patterns of SCAMP family (SCAMP1-5) were analyzed in 155 AML patients which were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. In chemotherapy, only subgroup, higher SCAMP1 level was significantly associated with longer EFS and OS (all P = 0.002), and SCAMP1 was confirmed to be an independent favorable factor in un-transplanted patients by Multivariate analysis (all P <0.05). Nevertheless, in the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) treatment subgroup, none of the SCAMP genes had any effect on the clinical survival. Our study found that high expression level of SCAMP1 is a favorable prognostic factor in AML, but allo-HSCT may neutralize its prognostic effect

Genetic Characterization of a blaVIM–24-Carrying IncP-7β Plasmid p1160-VIM and a blaVIM–4-Harboring Integrative and Conjugative Element Tn6413 From Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study presents three novel integrons In1394, In1395, and In1443, three novel unit transposons Tn6392, Tn6393, and Tn6403, one novel conjugative element (ICE) Tn6413, and the first sequenced IncP-7 resistance plasmid p1160-VIM from clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Detailed sequence comparison of p1160-VIM (carrying Tn6392 and Tn6393) and Tn6413 (carrying Tn6403) with related elements were performed. Tn6392, Tn6393, and Tn6403 were generated from integration of In1394 (carrying blaVIM–24), In1395 and In1443 (carrying blaVIM–4) into prototype Tn3-family unit transposons Tn5563, Tn1403, and Tn6346, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a blaVIM–24-carrying P. aeruginosa isolate

Replicon-Based Typing of IncI-Complex Plasmids, and Comparative Genomics Analysis of IncIγ/K1 Plasmids

IncI-complex plasmids can be divided into seven subgroups IncI1, IncI2, IncIγ, IncB/O, IncK1, IncK2, and IncZ. In this study, a replicon-based scheme was proposed for typing IncI-complex plasmids into four separately clustering subgroups IncI2, IncI1/B/O, IncIγ/K1 and IncK2/Z, the last three of which were combined from IncI1 and IncB/O, IncIγ and IncK1, and IncK2 and IncZ, respectively. Four IncIγ/K1 plasmids p205880-NR2, p14E509-CTXM, p11011-CTXM and p61806-CTXM were fully sequenced and compared with IncIγ/K1 reference pCT, IncI2 reference R721, IncI1/B/O reference R64 and IncK2/Z reference pO26-CRL-125. These plasmids shared conserved gene organization in the replication and conjugal transfer regions, but displaying considerable sequence diversity among different subgroups. Remarkable modular differences were observed in the maintenance and transfer leading regions. p205880-NR2 contained no resistance genes or accessory modules, while the other seven plasmids acquired one or more accessory modules, which harbored mobile elements [including unit transposons, insertion sequence (IS)-based transposition units and individual IS elements] and associated resistance markers (especially including those involved in resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclins, phenicols, streptomycins, trimethoprims, sulphonamides, tunicamycins and erythromycins). Data presented here provided a deeper insight into diversification and evolution of IncI-complex plasmids

Variation in Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Wild Elymus nutans Ecotypes from Different Altitudes in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

The availability of suitable native plant species for local animal husbandry development and ecological restoration is limited on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, comparisons of the ecological adaptability of native species to alternative habitats and their introduction into new habitats are of high importance. This study is aimed at identifying the alteration in morphological and physiological characteristics by measuring photosynthetic physiology, nutrient content, and growth associated with adaptation of plants to conditions at different altitudes 2450, 2950, 3100, and 3300 m above sea level (a. s. l.) on the plateau. Seeds of the dominant grass, Elymus nutans, were collected from locations at these altitudes and grown at a test location of 2950 m a. s. l. Results indicated that altitude had no significant effect on plant height and root depth. However, the leaf area and total root surface area of plants derived from 2950 and 3300 m a. s. l. showed a parabolic response, being greater than those of plants derived from the lowest (2450 m) and highest (3300 m a. s. l.). Total (root plus shoot) dry matter reduced progressively from 2450 to 3300 m a. s. l, while root : shoot ratio increased progressively with altitude. Seed yield of plants originating from the test altitude (2950 m a. s. l) was significantly higher than at any other altitude, being 20% lower at 2450 m, and 38% and 58% less in populations originating from the higher altitudes (3100 and 3300 m a. s. l.). There was also a parabolic decline in response of Elymus nutans germplasm from 3100, 3300, and 2450 m, compared with plants from 2950 m a. s. l., to photosynthetic rate, total N, soluble sugar, and starch contents. Germplasm from 2450 m a. s. l. had significantly lower shoot and higher root carbon content, lower shoot nitrogen, and lower root carbon-to-nitrogen ratio compared with plants derived from the other three altitudes. It is suggested that the stable, genetically determined morphological and physiological features of ecotypes showed parabolic responses which means these ecotypes have become adapted to local habitats, whereas parameters such as dry matter, total root : shoot ratio, photosynthetic rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration of plants reflected phenotypic linear response to current abiotic conditions. It is postulated that introduced ecotypes from 2450, 3100, and 3300 m could adapt to the environment at 2950 m a. s. l. gradually. We conclude that the increased thermal regime experienced by plants introduced from high altitude to low altitude may facilitate the increased growth of Elymus nutans subtypes. It is important to preserve local strains of native species, or ecotypes, for reintroduction into degraded environments and to maintain the greatest ecosystem stability in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Investigation of the fake reject cases with unqualified operational dimension based on the error compensation and tolerance compression

A fake reject (FR) with unqualified operational dimension often occurs during part machining when the operational data do not coincide with the design ones. This may lead to unnecessary waste. A novel judgment and remedial measures for FR are investigated in this paper to enhance products' qualification rate. Firstly, the reasons for the FR occurrence are discussed based on the fact that the operational dimension tolerance calculated using the worst-case method of the process dimension chain calculation is too tight. Secondly, a novel judgment method of FR is proposed by calculating a new dimension chain. The operational dimension is treated as the concluding link. The actual deviations of the dimensions generated before the operational dimension generation are used to replace their upper and lower deviations. Finally, based on the error compensation relationship among the component links in the process dimension chain, a novel remedial measure of FR by compressing dimension tolerance in subsequent processing is proposed. The calculation flow of the dimension tolerance after tolerance compression is worked out. This study's results of this study are considered for instrumental in judging and processing FR in part machining.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Carbon Fibers Encapsulated with Nano-Copper: A Core‒Shell Structured Composite for Antibacterial and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Applications

A facile and scalable two-step method (including pyrolysis and magnetron sputtering) is created to prepare a core‒shell structured composite consisting of cotton-derived carbon fibers (CDCFs) and nano-copper. Excellent hydrophobicity (water contact angle = 144&deg;) and outstanding antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (antibacterial ratios of &gt;92%) are achieved for the composite owing to the composition transformation from cellulose to carbon and nano-size effects as well as strong oxidizing ability of oxygen reactive radicals from interactions of nano-Cu with sulfhydryl groups of enzymes. Moreover, the core‒shell material with high electrical conductivity induces the interfacial polarization loss and conduction loss, contributing to a high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB. Consequently, this flexible and multi-purpose hybrid of nano-copper/CDCFs may be useful for numerous applications like self-cleaning wall cladding, EMI shielding layer and antibacterial products